General Medicine; Food Science; Analytical Chemistry; Bovine colostrum; Fatty acid; Two-dimensional gas chromatography with vacuum ultraviolet detector; C×GC-VUV; Lactation; Days in milk
Abstract :
[en] Our objective was to analyze the changes in fatty acid (FA) profiles of bovine colostrum and immature milk during the first four days of lactation and assess their potential impact on human health. Colostrum and immature milk samples were collected from Czech Fleckvieh cows during their first to third lactation and the FA profiles were analyzed using multidimensional gas chromatography with a vacuum ultraviolet detector (GC×GC-VUV). The colostrum of primiparous cows contained lower levels of medium-chain and saturated fatty acids, and higher levels of mono- and unsaturated fatty acids compared to that of multiparous cows. The atherogenic and thrombogenicity indexes, as well as the hypocholesterolemic-to-hypercholesterolemic fatty acid ratio, were more favourable in primiparous cows. This makes colostrum fat an attractive product for human nutrition. To obtain the maximum health benefits, we recommend collecting and processing the colostrum of primiparous cows and immature milk at the end of the milk transition separately.
Disciplines :
Chemistry Animal production & animal husbandry
Author, co-author :
Farková, Veronika
Křížová, Ludmila
Dadáková, Kateřina
Farka, Zdeněk
Mascrez, Steven ; Université de Liège - ULiège > TERRA Research Centre
Eggermont, Damien ; Université de Liège - ULiège > TERRA Research Centre
Purcaro, Giorgia ; Université de Liège - ULiège > TERRA Research Centre > Chemistry for Sustainable Food and Environmental Systems (CSFES)
Kašparovský, Tomáš
Language :
English
Title :
Changes in the fatty acid profiles and health indexes of bovine colostrum during the first days of lactation and their impact on human health
den Besten, G., van Eunen, K., Groen, A.K., Venema, K., Reijngoud, D.-J., Bakker, B.M., The role of short-chain fatty acids in the interplay between diet, gut microbiota, and host energy metabolism. Journal of Lipid Research 54:9 (2013), 2325–2340, 10.1194/jlr.R036012.
Calvo, M.V., Fontecha, J., Pérez-Gálvez, A., Rodríguez-Alcalá, L.M., Milk lipids and their nutritional importance. Bioactive lipids, 2023, Elsevier, 269–295, 10.1016/B978-0-12-824043-4.00015-4.
Chandler, T.L., Newman, A., Cha, J.E., Sipka, A.S., Mann, S., Leukocytes, microRNA, and complement activity in raw, heat-treated, and frozen colostrum and their dynamics as colostrum transitions to mature milk in dairy cows. Journal of Dairy Science 106:7 (2023), 4918–4931, 10.3168/jds.2022-22876.
Chen, J., Liu, H., Nutritional indices for assessing fatty acids: A mini-review. International Journal of Molecular Sciences, 21(16), 2020, 5695, 10.3390/ijms21165695.
Chilliard, Y., Ferlay, A., Dietary lipids and forages interactions on cow and goat milk fatty acid composition and sensory properties. Reproduction Nutrition Development 44:5 (2004), 467–492, 10.1051/rnd:2004052.
Contarini, G., Povolo, M., Pelizzola, V., Monti, L., Bruni, A., Passolungo, L., Abeni, F., Degano, L., Bovine colostrum: Changes in lipid constituents in the first 5 days after parturition. Journal of Dairy Science 97:8 (2014), 5065–5072, 10.3168/jds.2013-7517.
Czernichow, S., Thomas, D., Bruckert, E., n−6 fatty acids and cardiovascular health: A review of the evidence for dietary intake recommendations. British Journal of Nutrition 104:6 (2010), 788–796, 10.1017/S0007114510002096.
Dai, X., Yuan, T., Zhang, X., Zhou, Q., Bi, H., Yu, R., Wei, W., Wang, X., Short-chain fatty acid (SCFA) and medium-chain fatty acid (MCFA) concentrations in human milk consumed by infants born at different gestational ages and the variations in concentration during lactation stages. Food & Function 11:2 (2020), 1869–1880, 10.1039/C9FO02595B.
Dei Cas, M., Paroni, R., Signorelli, P., Mirarchi, A., Cerquiglini, L., Troiani, S., Albi, E., Human breast milk as source of sphingolipids for newborns: Comparison with infant formulas and commercial cow's milk. Journal of Translational Medicine, 18(1), 2020, 481, 10.1186/s12967-020-02641-0.
Fina, A., Mascrez, S., Beccaria, M., De Luca, C., Aspromonte, J., Cordero, C., Purcaro, G., A high throughput method for fatty acid profiling using simultaneous microwave-assisted extraction and derivatization followed by reversed fill/flush flow modulation comprehensive multidimensional gas chromatography. Advances in Sample Preparation, 4, 2022, 100039, 10.1016/j.sampre.2022.100039.
Global Cow Colostrum Market Snapshot (2023 to 2033), (2023, august 12) https://www.futuremarketinsights.com/reports/cow-colostrum-market.
Godden, S., Colostrum Management for Dairy Calves. The Veterinary Clinics of North America. Food Animal Practice 24:1 (2008), 19–39, 10.1016/j.cvfa.2007.10.005.
Górka, P., Kowalski, Z.M., Zabielski, R., Guilloteau, P., Invited review: Use of butyrate to promote gastrointestinal tract development in calves. Journal of Dairy Science 101:6 (2018), 4785–4800, 10.3168/jds.2017-14086.
Guberti, M., Botti, S., Capuzzo, M.T., Nardozi, S., Fusco, A., Cera, A., De Marinis, M.G., Bovine colostrum applications in sick and healthy people: A systematic review. Nutrients, 13(7), 2021, 2194, 10.3390/nu13072194.
Gutiérrez-García, A.G., Contreras, C.M., Díaz-Marte, C., Myristic acid in amniotic fluid produces appetitive responses in human newborns. Early Human Development 115 (2017), 32–37, 10.1016/j.earlhumdev.2017.08.009.
Hanuš, O., Samková, E., Křížová, L., Hasoňová, L., Kala, R., Role of fatty acids in Milk fat and the influence of selected factors on their variability—A review. Molecules, 23(7), 2018, 1636, 10.3390/molecules23071636.
Havlicekova, Z., Jesenak, M., Banovcin, P., Kuchta, M., Beta-palmitate – A natural component of human milk in supplemental milk formulas. Nutrition Journal, 2015(15), 2015, 10.1186/s12937-016-0145-1.
Huang, C., Deng, W., Xu, H., Zhou, C., Zhang, F., Chen, J., Bao, Q., Zhou, X., Liu, M., Li, J., Liu, C., Short-chain fatty acids reprogram metabolic profiles with the induction of reactive oxygen species production in human colorectal adenocarcinoma cells. Computational and Structural Biotechnology Journal 21 (2023), 1606–1620, 10.1016/j.csbj.2023.02.022.
Jensen, R.G., The composition of bovine Milk lipids: January 1995 to December 2000. Journal of Dairy Science 85:2 (2002), 295–350, 10.3168/jds.S0022-0302(02)74079-4.
Kaplan, M., Arslan, A., Duman, H., Karyelioğlu, M., Baydemir, B., Günar, B.B., Karav, S., Production of bovine colostrum for human consumption to improve health. Frontiers in Pharmacology, 12, 2022, 796824, 10.3389/fphar.2021.796824.
Kaya, U., Özkan, H., Yazlik, M.O., Çamdevi̇Ren, B., Güngör, G., Karaaslan, İ., Yakan, A., Comparative evaluation of major milk quality parameters of Holstein and Simmental cows at different lactation stages under similar environmental conditions. Medycyna Weterynaryjna, 79(06), 2023, 10.21521/mw.6779 6779–2023.
Kim, J.H., Jung, W.S., Choi, N.-J., Kim, D.-O., Shin, D.-H., Kim, Y.J., Health-promoting effects of bovine colostrum in type 2 diabetic patients can reduce blood glucose, cholesterol, triglyceride and ketones. The Journal of Nutritional Biochemistry 20:4 (2009), 298–303, 10.1016/j.jnutbio.2008.04.002.
Linehan, K., Ross, R.P., Stanton, C., Bovine colostrum for veterinary and human health applications: A critical review. Annual Review of Food Science and Technology 14:1 (2023), 387–410, 10.1146/annurev-food-060721-014650.
Liput, K.P., Lepczyński, A., Ogłuszka, M., Nawrocka, A., Poławska, E., Grzesiak, A., Pierzchała, M., Effects of dietary n–3 and n–6 polyunsaturated fatty acids in inflammation and cancerogenesis. International Journal of Molecular Sciences, 22(13), 2021, 6965, 10.3390/ijms22136965.
Liu, Y., Shen, N., Xin, H., Yu, L., Xu, Q., Cui, Y., Unsaturated fatty acids in natural edible resources, a systematic review of classification, resources, biosynthesis, biological activities and application. Food Bioscience, 53, 2023, 102790, 10.1016/j.fbio.2023.102790.
McGrath, B.A., Fox, P.F., McSweeney, P.L.H., Kelly, A.L., Composition and properties of bovine colostrum: A review. Dairy Science & Technology 96:2 (2016), 133–158, 10.1007/s13594-015-0258-x.
Mehra, R., Garhwal, R., Sangwan, K., Guiné, R.P.F., Lemos, E.T., Buttar, H.S., Kumar, H., Insights into the research trends on bovine colostrum: Beneficial health perspectives with special reference to manufacturing of functional foods and feed supplements. Nutrients, 14(3), 2022, 659, 10.3390/nu14030659.
Mierliță, D., Effects of diets containing hemp seeds or hemp cake on fatty acid composition and oxidative stability of sheep milk. South African Journal of Animal Science, 48(3), 2018, 504, 10.4314/sajas.v48i3.11.
O'Callaghan, T.F., O'Donovan, M., Murphy, J.P., Sugrue, K., Mannion, D., McCarthy, W.P., Tobin, J.T., Evolution of the bovine milk fatty acid profile – From colostrum to milk five days post parturition. International Dairy Journal, 104, 2020, 104655, 10.1016/j.idairyj.2020.104655.
Playford, R.J., Weiser, M.J., Bovine colostrum: Its constituents and uses. Nutrients, 13(1), 2021, 265, 10.3390/nu13010265.
Rathe, M., Müller, K., Sangild, P.T., Husby, S., Clinical applications of bovine colostrum therapy: A systematic review. Nutrition Reviews 72:4 (2014), 237–254, 10.1111/nure.12089.
Rico, D.E., Razzaghi, A., Animal board invited review: The contribution of adipose stores to milk fat: Implications on optimal nutritional strategies to increase milk fat synthesis in dairy cows. Animal, 17(4), 2023, 100735, 10.1016/j.animal.2023.100735.
Rodríguez-Bermúdez, R., Fouz, R., Rico, M., Camino, F., Souza, T.K., Miranda, M., Diéguez, F.J., Factors affecting fatty acid composition of Holstein cow's milk. Animals, 13(4), 2023, 574, 10.3390/ani13040574.
Samková, E., Špička, J., Pešek, M., Pelikánová, T., Hanuš, O., Animal factors affecting fatty acid composition of cow milk fat: A review. South African Journal of Animal Science 2012:42 (2012), 1–18, 10.4314/sajas.v42i2.1.
Santoro, J., Mukhopadhya, A., Oliver, C., Brodkorb, A., Giblin, L., O'Driscoll, L., An investigation of extracellular vesicles in bovine colostrum, first milk and milk over the lactation curve. Food Chemistry, 401, 2023, 134029, 10.1016/j.foodchem.2022.134029.
Sats, A., Yurchenko, S., Kaart, T., Tatar, V., Lutter, L., Jõudu, I., Bovine colostrum: Postpartum changes in fat globule size distribution and fatty acid profile. Journal of Dairy Science 105:5 (2022), 3846–3860, 10.3168/jds.2021-20420.
Schuh, K., Sadri, H., Häussler, S., Webb, L.A., Urh, C., Wagner, M., Sauerwein, H., Comparison of performance and metabolism from late pregnancy to early lactation in dairy cows with elevated v. normal body condition at dry-off. Animal 13:7 (2019), 1478–1488, 10.1017/S1751731118003385.
Shingfield, K.J., Chilliard, Y., Toivonen, V., Kairenius, P., Givens, D.I., Trans fatty acids and bioactive lipids in ruminant Milk. Bösze, Z., (eds.) Bioactive components of milk (606, 3–65), 2008, Springer, New York, 10.1007/978-0-387-74087-4_1.
Simopoulos, A.P., The importance of the ratio of omega-6/omega-3 essential fatty acids. Biomedicine & Pharmacotherapy 56:8 (2002), 365–379, 10.1016/S0753-3322(02)00253-6.
Simopoulos, A.P., The omega-6/omega-3 fatty acid ratio: Health implications. Oléagineux, Corps gras, Lipides 17:5 (2010), 267–275, 10.1051/ocl.2010.0325.
Soufleri, A., Banos, G., Panousis, N., Fletouris, D., Arsenos, G., Kougioumtzis, A., Valergakis, G.E., Evaluation of factors affecting colostrum quality and quantity in Holstein dairy cattle. Animals, 11(7), 2021, 2005, 10.3390/ani11072005.
Štolcová, M., Řehák, D., Bartoň, L., Changes in milk ketone and fatty acid concentrations during early lactation in Holstein and Fleckvieh cows. Czech Journal of Animal Science 66:12 (2021), 477–486, 10.17221/122/2021-CJAS.
Wang, E., Cha, M., Wang, S., Wang, Q., Wang, Y., Li, S., Wang, W., Feeding corn silage or grass hay as sole dietary forage sources: Overall mechanism of forages regulating health-promoting fatty acid status in milk of dairy cows. Foods, 12(2), 2023, 303, 10.3390/foods12020303.
Wilms, J.N., Hare, K.S., Fischer-Tlustos, A.J., Vahmani, P., Dugan, M.E.R., Leal, L.N., Steele, M.A., Fatty acid profile characterization in colostrum, transition milk, and mature milk of primi- and multiparous cows during the first week of lactation. Journal of Dairy Science 105:3 (2022), 2612–2630, 10.3168/jds.2021-20880.
Xiong, R.-G., Zhou, D.-D., Wu, S.-X., Huang, S.-Y., Saimaiti, A., Yang, Z.-J., Li, H.-B., Health benefits and side effects of short-chain fatty acids. Foods, 11(18), 2022, 2863, 10.3390/foods11182863.
