[en] Bones are now recognised as endocrine organs with diverse functions. Osteocalcin, a protein primarily produced by osteoblasts, has garnered significant attention. Research into osteocalcin has revealed its impact on glucose metabolism and its unexpected endocrine role, particularly in its undercarboxylated form (ucOC). This form influences organs, affecting insulin sensitivity and even showing correlations with conditions like type 2 diabetes and cardiovascular diseases. However, analytical challenges are impeding advances in clinical research. Various immunoassays like RIA, EIA, ECLIA, IRMA, and ELISA have been developed to analyse osteocalcin. Recent innovations include techniques like OS-ELISA and OS phage Immuno-PCR, enabling fragment analysis. Advancements also encompass porous silicon for detection and ECLIA for rapid measurements. The limitations of immunoassays lead to ucOC measurement discrepancies, prompting the development of mass spectrometry-based techniques. Mass spectrometry increasingly quantifies carboxylated, undercarboxylated, and fragmented forms of osteocalcin. Mass spectrometry improves routine and clinical analysis accuracy. With heightened specificity, it identifies carboxylation status and serum fragmentations, boosting measurement reliability as a reference method. This approach augments analytical precision, advancing disease understanding, enabling personalised medicine, and ultimately benefiting clinical outcomes. In this review, the different techniques for the analysis of osteocalcin will be explored and compared, and their clinical implications will be discussed.
Disciplines :
Laboratory medicine & medical technology Urology & nephrology
Author, co-author :
Determe, William ; Department of Clinical Chemistry, CHU de Liège, Centre de Recherche Intégré sur les Médicaments (CIRM), Liège, Belgium. Electronic address: william.determe@gmail.com
Hauge, Sabina Chaudhary; Department of Nephrology, Copenhagen University Hospital-Herlev, Copenhagen, Denmark, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Copenhagen, Denmark
Demeuse, Justine ; Université de Liège - ULiège > Département de pharmacie > Chimie médicale
Massonnet, Philippe ; Université de Liège - ULiège > Département de pharmacie > Chimie médicale
Grifnée, Elodie ; Université de Liège - ULiège > Département de pharmacie > Chimie médicale
Huyghebaert, Loreen ; Department of Clinical Chemistry, CHU de Liège, Centre de Recherche Intégré sur les Médicaments (CIRM), Liège, Belgium
Dubrowski, Thomas ; Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Liège - CHU > > Service de chimie clinique
Schoumacher, Matthieu ; Université de Liège - ULiège > Département de pharmacie > Chimie médicale
Peeters, Stéphanie ; Université de Liège - ULiège > Département de pharmacie > Chimie médicale
Le Goff, Caroline ; Université de Liège - ULiège > Département de pharmacie > Chimie médicale
Evenepoel, Pieter; Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Transplantation, Nephrology and Renal Transplantation Research Group, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium, Department of Medicine, Division of Nephrology, University Hospitals Leuv =en, Leuven, Belgium
Hansen, Ditte; Department of Nephrology, Copenhagen University Hospital-Herlev, Copenhagen, Denmark, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Copenhagen, Denmark
Cavalier, Etienne ; Université de Liège - ULiège > Département de pharmacie > Chimie médicale
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