Disorders of consciousness: Moving from passive to resting state and active paradigms

[en] Following coma, some patients will recover wakefulness without signs of consciousness (i.e., vegetative state) or may show nonreflexive movements but with no ability for functional communication (i.e., minimally conscious state). Currently, there remains a high rate of misdiagnosis of the vegetative state. The increasing use of fMRI and EEG tools permits the clinical characterization of these patients to be improved. We first discuss “resting metabolism” and “passive activation” paradigms, used in neuroimaging and evoked potential studies, which merely identify neural activation reflecting “automatic” processing—that is, occurring without the patient’s willful intervention. Secondly, we present an alternative approach consisting of instructing subjects to imagine well-defined sensorymotor or cognitive-mental actions. This strategy reflects volitional neural activation and, hence, witnesses awareness. Finally, we present results on blood-oxgen-level-dependent “default mode network”/resting state studies that might be a promising tool in the diagnosis of these challenging patients.

Research Center/Unit :

GIGA CRC (Cyclotron Research Center) In vivo Imaging-Aging & Memory - ULiège

Disciplines :

Neurology

Author, co-author :

Bruno, Marie-Aurélie ^✱; Université de Liège - ULiège > Centre de recherches du cyclotron > Coma Science group

Soddu, Andrea ^✱; Université de Liège - ULiège > Centre de recherches du cyclotron > Coma Science group

Demertzi, Athina ; Université de Liège - ULiège > Centre de recherches du cyclotron

Laureys, Steven ; Université de Liège - ULiège > Centre de recherches du cyclotron - Département des sciences cliniques > Coma Science Group

Gosseries, Olivia ; Université de Liège - ULiège > Centre de recherches du cyclotron > Coma Science Group

Schnakers, Caroline ; Université de Liège - ULiège > Centre de recherches du cyclotron

Boly, Mélanie ; Université de Liège - ULiège > Centre de Recherches du Cyclotron - Coma Science Group > Département des sciences cliniques - Neurologie

Noirhomme, Quentin ; Université de Liège - ULiège > Centre de recherches du cyclotron

Thonnard, Marie ; Université de Liège - ULiège > Centre de recherches du cyclotron

Chatelle, Camille ; Université de Liège - ULiège > Centre de recherches du cyclotron

Vanhaudenhuyse, Audrey ; Université de Liège - ULiège > Centre de recherches du cyclotron > Coma Science Group

^✱ These authors have contributed equally to this work.

Language :

English

Title :

Disorders of consciousness: Moving from passive to resting state and active paradigms

Publication date :

2010

Journal title :

Cognitive Neuroscience

ISSN :

1758-8928

eISSN :

1758-8936

Publisher :

Taylor & Francis, Cambridge, United Kingdom

Volume :

Issue :

Pages :

193–203

Peer reviewed :

Peer Reviewed verified by ORBi

Additional URL :

http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/17588928.2010.485677

Funders :

F.R.S.-FNRS - Fonds de la Recherche Scientifique
EU - European Commission
Concerted Research Action (ARC-06/11-340)
JSMF - James S McDonnell Foundation
MSF - Mind Science Foundation

Available on ORBi :

since 07 February 2011

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