Phenolic composition of ultrasound-assisted extracts optimized using response surface methodology based on DPPH scavenging activity, total phenolic content, and total flavonoid content from three aromatic and medicinal plants and their mixture - 2026
Phenolic composition of ultrasound-assisted extracts optimized using response surface methodology based on DPPH scavenging activity, total phenolic content, and total flavonoid content from three aromatic and medicinal plants and their mixture
[en] This study aimed to optimize the most common extraction parameters using Ultrasound-assisted extraction (UAE) to maximize the recovery of phenolic content and the free radical scavenging activity DPPH from Pimpinella anisum, Rosmarinus officinalis, Laurus nobilis using response surface methodology (RSM). UAE was optimized for each plant using a Box-Behnken design, with ethanol/water ratio, extraction temperature, time, and ultrasonic power as independent variables. Therefore, the proportions of the three plant extracts in the mixture and to evaluate the interaction effects among these combinations. For maximum TPC, TFC, and DPPH free radical scaven ging activity, the optimized extraction conditions were as follows: for P. anisum, 50 • C extraction temperature, 20 min extraction time, 10% ethanol concentration, and 60% ultrasonic power; for R. officinalis, 25 • C extraction temperature, 51 min extraction time, 17% ethanol concentration, and 89% ultrasonic power; and for L. nobilis, 75 • C extraction temperature, 56 min extraction time, 4% ethanol concentration, and 74% ultrasonic power. The optimized mixture, consisting of 64.9% P. anisum, 13.8% R. officinalis, and 21.3% L. nobilis, exhibited high levels of TPC (34.37 mg GAE/g DW), TFC (130.34 mg CE/g DW), and percentage of inhibation of free radical scavenging activity DPPH (PI = 49.45%). HPLC-DAD analysis of the individual extracts revealed distinct phenolic profiles. L. nobilis was particularly rich in hydroxybenzoic acid (279.21 µg/g) and caffeic acid (261.88 µg/g), P. anisum was dominated by cinnamic acid (147.28 µg/g) and ferulic acid (100.48 µg/g), while R. officinalis exhibited a high content of gallic acid (96.66 µg/g). Compound-dependent interaction effects were observed within the mixture, with enhancement levels for epicatechin gallate (176.75 µg/g), rosmarinic acid (94.53 µg/g) and sinapic acid (36.02 µg/g), whereas other compounds showed additive or reduced levels relative to single extracts.
Disciplines :
Agriculture & agronomy Chemistry
Author, co-author :
Bannour, Yosra ; Université de Liège - ULiège > GxABT : UDI > UDI GxABT ; Laboratory of Aromatic and Medicinal Plants, Center of Biotechnology of Borj-Cedria, Hammam-Lif, Tunisia ; Faculty of Sciences of Tunis, University of Tunis El-manar, El-Manar University Campus, Tunisia
Sellami, Ibtissem; Laboratory of Aromatic and Medicinal Plants, Center of Biotechnology of Borj-Cedria, Hammam-Lif, Tunisia
Genva, Manon ; Université de Liège - ULiège > TERRA Research Centre > Chemistry for Sustainable Food and Environmental Systems (CSFES)
Fauconnier, Marie-Laure ; Université de Liège - ULiège > Département GxABT > Chemistry for Sustainable Food and Environmental Systems (CSFES)
Ayadi, Mohamed ; Université de Liège - ULiège > Département GxABT > Chemistry for Sustainable Food and Environmental Systems (CSFES)
Language :
English
Title :
Phenolic composition of ultrasound-assisted extracts optimized using response surface methodology based on DPPH scavenging activity, total phenolic content, and total flavonoid content from three aromatic and medicinal plants and their mixture
Publication date :
21 July 2026
Journal title :
Journal of Applied Research on Medicinal and Aromatic Plants
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