confidence judgments; episodic memory; feeling of knowing; healthy aging; metamemory; semantic memory; Experimental and Cognitive Psychology; Clinical Psychology; Neurology; Neurology (clinical); Psychiatry and Mental Health
Abstract :
[en] Dissociations in types of memory tasks emerge when comparing feeling-of-knowing (FOK) judgments, predictions of upcoming performance, and retrospective confidence. This pattern has been used to construct theories of metacognitive access to memory, particularly in memory-impaired groups. In particular, older adults' metacognitive sensitivity appears to vary between episodic (impaired) and semantic (intact) memory. However, this could be explained by the limitations of metacognitive measures and/or memory differences. We aimed to test these dissociations of metacognition with aging by comparing metacognitive efficiency in episodic and semantic tasks using two types of judgment: retrospective confidence judgments (RCJs) and FOK judgments. Metacognitive efficiency was estimated in 240 participants aged 19-79 years using a hierarchical Bayesian framework. Results showed that metacognitive efficiency for RCJs declined with age in the semantic task, even though task performance increased with age, while metacognitive efficiency was stable in the episodic task. Surprisingly, metacognitive efficiency was very low (although significantly higher than zero) for both FOK tasks regardless of age compared to similar previous studies. We suggested this might be due to the online testing. These results point to metacognition being multifaceted and varying according to judgment, domains, and populations.
Disciplines :
Neurosciences & behavior
Author, co-author :
Meunier-Duperray, Lucile ; Laboratoire de Psychologie et NeuroCognition (LPNC), CNRS UMR 5105, Université Grenoble-Alpes (UGA), Université Savoie Mont-Blanc (USMB), 1251 rue des Universités, Grenoble 38058, France ; Centre de Recherches sur la Cognition et l'Apprentissage (CeRCA), UMR CNRS 7295, Université de Tours, Université de Poitiers, 3 Rue des Tanneurs, Tours 37041, France
Mazancieux, Audrey; Center for Research in Cognition and Neurosciences (CRCN), Université Libre de Bruxelles (ULB), 50 avenue F.D. Roosevelt, Brussels CP191 B-1050, Belgium
Souchay, Céline; Laboratoire de Psychologie et NeuroCognition (LPNC), CNRS UMR 5105, Université Grenoble-Alpes (UGA), Université Savoie Mont-Blanc (USMB), 1251 rue des Universités, Grenoble 38058, France
Angel, Lucie ; Université de Liège - ULiège > Département de Psychologie : cognition et comportement > Neuropsychologie de l'adulte ; Centre de Recherches sur la Cognition et l'Apprentissage (CeRCA), UMR CNRS 7295, Université de Tours, Université de Poitiers, 3 Rue des Tanneurs, Tours 37041, France
Moulin, Chris J A; Laboratoire de Psychologie et NeuroCognition (LPNC), CNRS UMR 5105, Université Grenoble-Alpes (UGA), Université Savoie Mont-Blanc (USMB), 1251 rue des Universités, Grenoble 38058, France
Language :
English
Title :
On the complexity of metacognitive judgments of memory: evidence from retrospective confidence, feeling of knowing, and older adults.
This work was financed by an Agence National de Recherche award to C.J.A.M, L.A., C.B., and C.S., AGEFOK: Understanding metamemory in healthy aging, ANR-21-CE28-0002-01.
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