Crater lake; Late Holocene; Mineralogy; Sediment geochemistry; Sedimentary components; Tropics; XRF-CS; 'Dry' [; Lake levels; Sediment geochemistries; Sedimentary component; Sedimentary fluxes; Surface runoffs; X ray fluorescence; X-ray fluorescence core scanning; Global and Planetary Change; Archeology (arts and humanities); Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics; Archeology; Geology
Abstract :
[en] This study investigates a sediment core (LSMo22-1) from crater lake Santa Maria del Oro situated in western Mexico within the Trans-Mexican Volcanic Belt. The aim is to evidence the main forcing factors influencing the sediment influx into the lake, including climate variability in the tropical North American Monsoon domain. Core LSMo22-1 is 97-cm long and covers the last ∼1500 years based on 210Pb and 14C data. The core was analyzed for inorganic geochemistry by X-ray fluorescence core scanning (XRF-CS) and bulk mineralogy by X-ray diffraction (XRD). The core is dominated by smectite (68 ± 4%), with smaller amounts of albite (5.8 ± 2% plus traces of amphibole, pyroxene, and cristobalite) and quartz (5.3 ± 2%); these minerals, also identified in surrounding soil samples, represent the detrital fraction supplied to the lake by surface runoff. In addition, the core contains variable endogenic carbonates (calcite 8 ± 6%, aragonite 3 ± 6%) and traces of gypsum, while amorphous components, biogenic silica (diatoms) and organic matter, account for 11% and 9% of the total sedimentary flux, respectively. XRF-CS data reveal an inverse correlation between Ti and Ca (r = −0.82). The Ti content reflects the detrital minerals released from the crater flanks by surface runoff. Detrital flux was greater during wetter periods and diminished during drier phases, with the lowest input around 1500 CE, interpreted as the driest interval of the record. Dry periods likely also resulted in lower lake levels promoting higher primary productivity. The covariation of Botryococcus and calcite abundance suggests that lower lake levels during dry periods enhanced nutrient and carbonate concentrations, promoting elevated primary productivity and calcite precipitation. Variations in Ca correspond to changes in endogenic minerals and covary with whole lake productivity. Within the last 1100 years, five intervals of reduced calcite flux coincide with cooler periods, broadly linked to solar minima. In the uppermost section of core LSMo22-1 (13-0 cm, 1957-2022 CE), elevated aragonite is favored by stronger evaporation and endogenic precipitation under lower lake levels, reflecting both recent climate warming and probably also water abstraction.
Research Center/Unit :
Geology - ULiège
Disciplines :
Earth sciences & physical geography
Author, co-author :
Fagel, Nathalie ; Université de Liège - ULiège > Département de géologie > Argiles, géochimie et environnements sédimentaires
Rantala, Marttiina ; Université de Liège - ULiège > Département de géologie > Argiles, géochimie et environnements sédimentaires
Tylmann, Wojciech ; Department of Geography, University of Gdańsk, Poland
Etmański, Paweł ; Department of Geography, University of Gdańsk, Poland
Pellenard, Pierre; Biogéosciences UMR 6282 CNRS, Université Bourgogne Europe, France
Francus, Pierre ; Centre Eau Terre Environnement, Institut national de la Recherche Scientifique, Québec City, and GEOTOP research centre, Montréal, Canada
Metcalfe, Sarah ; School of Geography, University of Nottingham, United Kingdom
Mattielli, Nadine ; Université de Liège - ULiège > Département de géologie > Argiles, géochimie et environnements sédimentaires ; Laboratoire G-Time, DGES, Université Libre de Bruxelles, ULB, Belgium
Israde-Alcántara, Isabel; Instituto de Investigaciones en Ciencias de la Tierra, Univ. Michoacana de San Nicolás de Hidalgo, Mexico
Language :
English
Title :
Climate forcings on sedimentary fluxes in Lake Santa Maria del Oro (west-central Mexico) over the last 1500 years
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