Aiking, H., de Boer, J., The next protein transition. Trends Food Sci. Technol. 105 (2020), 515–522.
Anderson, M.J., Distance-based tests for homogeneity of multivariate dispersions. Biometrics 62:1 (2006), 245–253.
Basso, B., Dumont, B., Maestrini, B., Shcherbak, I., Robertson, G.P., Porter, J.R., Rosenzweig, C., Soil organic carbon and nitrogen feedbacks on crop yields under climate change. Agric. Environ. Lett., 3(1), 2018, 180026, 10.2134/ael2018.05.0026.
Beaudoin N., Lecharpentier P., Ripoche D., Strullu L., Mary B., Leonard J., Launay M., Justes E., eds. 2022. STICS soil-crop model. Conceptual framework, equations and uses, Versailles, Éditions Quæ.
Bossio, D.A., Cook-Patton, S.C., Ellis, P.W., Fargione, J., Sanderman, J., Smith, P., Griscom, B.W., The role of soil carbon in natural climate solutions. Nat. Sustain. 3:5 (2020), 391–398, 10.1038/s41893-020-0491-z.
Cammarano, D., Olesen, J.E., Helming, K., Foyer, C.H., Schönhart, M., Brunori, G., Abalos, D., Models can enhance science–policy–society alignments for climate change mitigation. Nat. Food 4:8 (2023), 632–635, 10.1038/s43016-023-00807-9.
Crippa, M., Solazzo, E., Guizzardi, D., Monforti-Ferrario, F., Tubiello, F.N., Leip, A.J.N.F., Food systems are responsible for a third of global anthropogenic GHG emissions. Nat. Food 2:3 (2021), 198–209.
de Albuquerque Nunes, P.A., Laca, E.A., de Faccio Carvalho, P.C., Li, M., de Souza Filho, W., Robinson Kunrath, T., Gaudin, A., Livestock integration into soybean systems improves long-term system stability and profits without compromising crop yields. Sci. Rep., 11(1), 2021, 1649, 10.1038/s41598-021-81270-z.
De Clerck, C., Desmarez, T., Delandmeter, M., de Faccio, Carvalho, P.C., Dumont, B., Bindelle, J. Reconnecting food production and consumption through redesigning food systems to support healthy diets. In review.
de la Motte, L.G., Jérôme, E., Mamadou, O., Beckers, Y., Bodson, B., Heinesch, B., Aubinet, M., Carbon balance of an intensively grazed permanent grassland in Southern Belgium. Agric. For. Meteorol. 228 (2016), 370–383, 10.1016/j.agrformet.2016.06.009.
Delandmeter, M., Colinet, G., Pierreux, J., Bindelle, J., Dumont, B., Combining field measurements and process-based modelling to analyse soil tillage and crop residues management impacts on crop production and carbon balance in temperate areas. Soil Use Manag., 40(3), 2024, e13098.
Delandmeter, M., de Faccio Carvalho, P.C., Bremm, C., dos Santos Cargnelutti, C., Bindelle, J., Dumont, B., Integrated crop and livestock systems increase both climate change adaptation and mitigation capacities. Sci. Total Environ., 2024, 169061, 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.169061.
Delandmeter, M., Léonard, J., Ferchaud, F., Heinesch, B., Manise, T., Faurès, A., Dumont, B., A comprehensive analysis of CO2 exchanges in agro-ecosystems based on a generic soil-crop model-derived methodology. Agric. For. Meteorol., 340, 2023, 109621, 10.1016/j.agrformet.2023.109621.
Franzluebbers, A.J., Hendrickson, J.R., Should we consider integrated crop-livestock systems for ecosystem services, carbon sequestration, and agricultural resilience to climate change?. Agron. J., 2024, 10.1002/agj2.21520.
Frehner, A., Muller, A., Schader, C., De Boer, I.J.M., Van Zanten, H.H., Methodological choices drive differences in environmentally-friendly dietary solutions. Glob. Food Secur., 24, 2020, 100333.
Garcia-Vila, M., dos Santos Vianna, M., Harrison, M.T., Liu, K., de S. Nóia-Júnior, R., Weber, T.K., Palosuo, T., Gaps and strategies for accurate simulation of waterlogging impacts on crop productivity. Nat. Food, 2025, 1–10, 10.1038/s43016-025-01179-y.
Giot, O., Termonia, P., Degrauwe, D., De Troch, R., Caluwaerts, S., Smet, G., Van Schaeybroeck, B., Validation of the ALARO-0 model within the EURO-CORDEX framework. Geosci. Model Dev. 9:3 (2016), 1143–1152.
Gobin, A., Modelling climate impacts on crop yields in Belgium. Clim. Res 44 (2010), 55–68, 10.3354/cr00925.
Govereh, J., Jayne, T.S., Cash cropping and food crop productivity: synergies or trade-offs?. Agric. Econ. 28:1 (2003), 39–50, 10.1111/j.1574-0862.2003.tb00133.x.
Gross, A., Glaser, B., Meta-analysis on how manure application changes soil organic carbon storage. Sci. Rep., 11(1), 2021, 5516, 10.1038/s41598-021-82739-7.
Hartig, F. 2022. DHARMa: Residual Diagnostics for Hierarchical (Multi-Level/Mixed) Regression Models. R package version 0.4.6. 〈http://florianhartig.github.io/DHARMa/〉.
He, Q., Li, L., Shi, Y., Feng, P., Liu, K., Zhang, S., Siddique, K.H., Soil organic carbon improvement for mitigating crop yield losses under global warming. Eur. J. Agron., 170, 2025, 127739, 10.1016/j.eja.2025.127739.
IPCC, Summary for policymakers. Stocker, T.F., Qin, D., Plattner, G.-K., Tignor, M., Allen, S.K., Boschung, J., Nauels, A., Xia, Y., Bex, V., Midgley, P.M., (eds.) Climate Change 2013: The Physical Science Basis. Contribution of Working Group I to the Fifth Assessment Report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change, 2013, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, United Kingdom and New York, NY, USA.
Isbell, F., Craven, D., Connolly, J., Loreau, M., Schmid, B., Beierkuhnlein, C., Eisenhauer, N., Biodiversity increases the resistance of ecosystem productivity to climate extremes. Nature 526:7574 (2015), 574–577, 10.1038/nature15374.
IUSS Working Group WRB, World reference base for soil resources 2014: inter-national soil classification system for naming soils and creating legends for soil maps. 2014, FAO, Rome.
Jägermeyr, J., Müller, C., Ruane, A.C., Elliott, J., Balkovic, J., Castillo, O., Rosenzweig, C., Climate impacts on global agriculture emerge earlier in new generation of climate and crop models. Nat. Food 2:11 (2021), 873–885.
Jones, P.D., Lister, D.H., Jaggard, K.W., Pidgeon, J.D., Future climate impact on the productivity of sugar beet (Beta vulgaris L.) in Europe. Clim. Change 58:1-2 (2003), 93–108, 10.1023/A:1023420102432.
Lal, R., Soil organic matter and water retention. Agron. J. 112:5 (2020), 3265–3277, 10.1002/agj2.20282.
Lamichhane, J.R., Constantin, J., Aubertot, J.N., Dürr, C., Will climate change affect sugar beet establishment of the 21st century? Insights from a simulation study using a crop emergence model. Field Crops Res. 238 (2019), 64–73, 10.1016/j.fcr.2019.04.022.
Leemans, V., De Cruz, L., Dumont, B., Hamdi, R., Delaplace, P., Heinesh, B., Longdoz, B., Selection of meteorological conditions to apply in an ecotron facility. EGU Gen. Assem. Conf. Abstr., 2017, 7895.
Lesk, C., Rowhani, P., Ramankutty, N., Influence of extreme weather disasters on global crop production. Nature 529:7584 (2016), 84–87.
Martin, G., Durand, J.L., Duru, M., Gastal, F., Julier, B., Litrico, I., Jeuffroy, M.H., Role of ley pastures in tomorrow's cropping systems. A review. Agron. Sustain. Dev. 40 (2020), 1–25, 10.1007/s13593-020-00620-9.
Martin, G., Moraine, M., Ryschawy, J., Magne, M.A., Asai, M., Sarthou, J.P., Therond, O., Crop–livestock integration beyond the farm level: a review. Agron. Sustain. Dev., 36(3), 2016, 53, 10.1007/s13593-016-0390-x.
Martre, P., Wallach, D., Asseng, S., Ewert, F., Jones, J.W., Rötter, R.P., Wolf, J., Multimodel ensembles of wheat growth: many models are better than one. Glob. Change Biol. 21:2 (2015), 911–925, 10.1111/gcb.12768.
Matthews, R.B., Rivington, M., Muhammed, S., Newton, A.C., Hallett, P.D., Adapting crops and cropping systems to future climates to ensure food security: the role of crop modelling. Glob. Food Secur. 2:1 (2013), 24–28, 10.1016/j.gfs.2012.11.009.
Mbow, C., C. Rosenzweig, L.G. Barioni, T.G. Benton, M. Herrero, M. Krishnapillai, E. Liwenga, P. Pradhan, M.G. Rivera-Ferre, T. Sapkota, F.N. Tubiello, Y. Xu, 2019: Food Security. In: Climate Change and Land: an IPCC special report on climate change, desertification, land degradation, sustainable land management, food security, and greenhouse gas fluxes in terrestrial ecosystems [P.R. Shukla, J. Skea, E. Calvo Buendia, V. Masson-Delmotte, H.-O. Pörtner, D.C. Roberts, P. Zhai, R. Slade, S. Connors, R. van Diemen, M. Ferrat, E. Haughey, S. Luz, S. Neogi, M. Pathak, J. Petzold, J. Portugal Pereira, P. Vyas, E. Huntley, K. Kissick, M. Belkacemi, J. Malley, (eds.)]. https://doi.org/10.1017/9781009157988.007.
Moore, F.C., Lobell, D.B., The fingerprint of climate trends on european crop yields. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. 112:9 (2015), 2670–2675, 10.1073/pnas.1409606112.
Moriondo, M., Giannakopoulos, C., Bindi, M., Climate change impact assessment: the role of climate extremes in crop yield simulation. Clim. Change 104:3-4 (2011), 679–701.
Muller, A., Schader, C., El-Hage Scialabba, N., Brüggemann, J., Isensee, A., Erb, K.H., Niggli, U., Strategies for feeding the world more sustainably with organic agriculture. Nat. Commun. 8:1 (2017), 1–13.
Myers, S.S., Smith, M.R., Guth, S., Golden, C.D., Vaitla, B., Mueller, N.D., Huybers, P., Climate change and global food systems: potential impacts on food security and undernutrition. Annu. Rev. Public Health 38 (2017), 259–277.
Oksanen J., Simpson G., Blanchet F., Kindt R., Legendre P., Minchin P., O'Hara R., Solymos P., Stevens M., Szoecs E., Wagner H., Barbour M., Bedward M., Bolker B., Borcard D., Carvalho G., Chirico M., De Caceres M., Durand S., Evangelista H., FitzJohn R., Friendly M., Furneaux B., Hannigan G., Hill M., Lahti L., McGlinn D., Ouellette M., Ribeiro, Cunha E., Smith T., Stier A., Ter Braak C., Weedon J. (2022). _vegan: Community Ecology Package_. R package version 2.6-4, < 〈https://CRAN.R-project.org/package=vegan〉>.
Paustian, K., Lehmann, J., Ogle, S., Reay, D., Robertson, G.P., Smith, P., Climate-smart soils. Nature 532:7597 (2016), 49–57, 10.1038/nature17174.
Peel, M.C., Finlayson, B.L., McMahon, T.A., Updated world map of the Köppen-Geiger climate classification. Hydrol. earth Syst. Sci. 11:5 (2007), 1633–1644, 10.5194/hess-11-1633-2007.
Poore, J., Nemecek, T., Reducing food's environmental impacts through producers and consumers. Science 360:6392 (2018), 987–992.
Poux, X., Aubert, P.M., An agroecological Europe in 2050: multifunctional agriculture for healthy eating. Find. Ten Years Agroecol. (TYFA) Model. Exerc. IddriAScA Study, 9, 2018, 18.
Powell, J.P., Reinhard, S., Measuring the effects of extreme weather events on yields. Weather Clim. Extrem. 12 (2016), 69–79, 10.1016/j.wace.2016.02.003.
R Core Team (2022). R: A language and environment for statistical computing. R Foundation for Statistical Computing, Vienna, Austria. URL 〈https://www.R-project.org/〉.
Rawls, W.J., Pachepsky, Y.A., Ritchie, J.C., Sobecki, T.M., Bloodworth, H., Effect of soil organic carbon on soil water retention. Geoderma 116:1-2 (2003), 61–76, 10.1016/S0016-7061(03)00094-6.
Raymond, C., Horton, R.M., Zscheischler, J., Martius, O., AghaKouchak, A., Balch, J., White, K., Understanding and managing connected extreme events. Nat. Clim. Change 10:7 (2020), 611–621.
Raymundo, R., Asseng, S., Robertson, R., Petsakos, A., Hoogenboom, G., Quiroz, R., Wolf, J., Climate change impact on global potato production. Eur. J. Agron. 100 (2018), 87–98, 10.1016/j.eja.2017.11.008.
Roe, S., Streck, C., Obersteiner, M., Frank, S., Griscom, B., Drouet, L., Lawrence, D., Contribution of the land sector to a 1.5C world. Nat. Clim. Change 9:11 (2019), 817–828, 10.1038/s41558-019-0591-9.
Schader, C., Muller, A., Scialabba, N.E.H., Hecht, J., Isensee, A., Erb, K.H., Niggli, U., Impacts of feeding less food-competing feedstuffs to livestock on global food system sustainability. J. R. Soc. Interface, 12(113), 2015, 20150891.
Sekaran, U., Lai, L., Ussiri, D.A., Kumar, S., Clay, S., Role of integrated crop-livestock systems in improving agriculture production and addressing food security–A review. J. Agric. Food Res., 5, 2021, 100190, 10.1016/j.jafr.2021.100190.
Shuttleworth, W.J., Wallace, J.S., Evaporation from sparse crops-an energy combination theory. Q. J. R. Meteorol. Soc. 111 (1985), 839–855, 10.1002/qj.49711146910.
Smith, P., Bustamante, M., Ahammad, H., Clark, H., Dong, H., Elsiddig, E.A., Haberl, H., Harper, R., House, J., Jafari, M., Masera, O., Mbow, C., Ravindranath, N.H., Rice, C.W., Robledo Abad, C., Romanovskaya, A., Sperling, F., Tubiello, F., Agriculture, forestry and other land use (AFOLU). Edenhofer, O., Pichs-Madruga, R., Sokona, Y., Farahani, E., Kadner, S., Seyboth, K., Adler, A., Baum, I., Brunner, S., Eickemeier, P., Kriemann, B., Savolainen, J., Schlömer, S., von Stechow, C., Zwickel, T., Minx, J.C., (eds.) Climate Change 2014: Mitigation of Climate Change. Contribution of Working Group III to the Fifth Assessment Report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change, 2014, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, United Kingdom and New York, NY, USA, 811–922.
Soussana, J.F., Tallec, T., Blanfort, V., Mitigating the greenhouse gas balance of ruminant production systems through carbon sequestration in grasslands. Animal 4:3 (2010), 334–350, 10.1017/S1751731109990784.
Statbel (2024). Chiffres clés de l'agriculture. 〈https://statbel.fgov.be/fr/chiffres-cles-de-lagriculture-2024〉.
Szymczak, L.S., de Faccio Carvalho, P.C., Lurette, A., De Moraes, A., de Albuquerque Nunes, P.A., Martins, A.P., Moulin, C.H., System diversification and grazing management as resilience-enhancing agricultural practices: the case of crop-livestock integration. Agric. Syst., 184, 2020, 102904, 10.1016/j.agsy.2020.102904.
Tilman, D., Clark, M., Global diets link environmental sustainability and human health. Nature 515:7528 (2014), 518–522.
Timlin, D., Paff, K., Han, E., The role of crop simulation modeling in assessing potential climate change impacts. Agrosystems Geosci. Environ., 7(1), 2024, e20453, 10.1002/agg2.20453.
Urruty, N., Tailliez-Lefebvre, D., Huyghe, C., Stability, robustness, vulnerability and resilience of agricultural systems. A review. Agron. Sustain. Dev., 36(1), 2016, 15, 10.1007/s13593-015-0347-5.
van Selm, B., Hijbeek, R., van Ittersum, M.K., van Hal, O., van Middelaar, C.E., de Boer, I.J., Recoupling livestock and feed production in the Netherlands to reduce environmental impacts. Sci. Total Environ., 899, 2023, 165540.
Van Selm, B., Frehner, A., De Boer, I.J., Van Hal, O., Hijbeek, R., Van Ittersum, M.K., Van Zanten, H.H., Circularity in animal production requires a change in the EAT-Lancet diet in Europe. Nat. Food 3:1 (2022), 66–73.
Vanuytrecht, E., Raes, D., Willems, P., Regional and global climate projections increase mid-century yield variability and crop productivity in Belgium. Reg. Environ. Change 16 (2016), 659–672, 10.1007/s10113-015-0773-6.
Vicente-Serrano, S.M., Beguería, S., López-Moreno, J.I., A multiscalar drought index sensitive to global warming: the standardized precipitation evapotranspiration index. J. Clim. 23:7 (2010), 1696–1718, 10.1175/2009JCLI2909.1.
Walloon Government (2024). Etat de l'Agriculture Wallonne. Walloon Ministry of Agriculture. Retrieved December 10, 2024, from 〈https://etat-agriculture.wallonie.be/contents/indicatorsheets/EAW-A_I_d_2.html〉.
Wang, Y., de Boer, I.J., Persson, U.M., Ripoll-Bosch, R., Cederberg, C., Gerber, P.J., van Middelaar, C.E., Risk to rely on soil carbon sequestration to offset global ruminant emissions. Nat. Commun., 14(1), 2023, 7625, 10.1038/s41467-023-43452-3.
Willett, W., Rockström, J., Loken, B., Springmann, M., Lang, T., Vermeulen, S., Murray, C.J., Food in the anthropocene: the EAT–Lancet commission on healthy diets from sustainable food systems. Lancet 393:10170 (2019), 447–492.
Zuazo, V.H.D., Pleguezuelo, C.R.R., Soil-erosion and runoff prevention by plant covers: a review. Sustain. Agric., 2009, 785–811, 10.1007/978-90-481-2666-8_48.
