Carbon Dioxide; Humans; Child, Preschool; Cross-Sectional Studies; Reproducibility of Results; Female; Male; Child; Psychometrics; Sensitivity and Specificity; Surveys and Questionnaires; Wakefulness/physiology; Respiration; Carbon Dioxide/analysis; Mouth Breathing/diagnosis; Mouth Breathing/physiopathology; Mouth Breathing; Wakefulness; Otorhinolaryngology; Language and Linguistics; Speech and Hearing
Abstract :
[en] [en] PURPOSE: The Awake Breathing Pattern Assessment (ABPA) is a prototypical clinical grid recently designed through an international consensus of Speech and Language Pathologists (SLPs) to categorize the awake and habitual breathing pattern during the orofacial myofunctional assessment. This cross-sectional study aims to explore the psychometric properties of the ABPA in a preschool population.
METHODS: 133 children from 2;11 to 6 years old were assessed with the ABPA. The percentage of time spent breathing through the mouth was objectively measured by a CO2 sensor and used as a baseline measurement. We first performed a multivariate Latent Profile Analysis based on the CO2 measurement and a parental questionnaire to define the number of categories that best characterize the breathing pattern. Subsequently, we assessed the intra- and inter-rater reliability, internal consistency criterion validity, construct validity and sensitivity and specificity.
RESULTS: The awake breathing pattern can best be described by two groups: nasal and mouth breathing. The ABPA, initially designed in three groups, was adjusted accordingly. This final version showed excellent intra-rater and inter-rater reliability. There was a significant correlation between the ABPA and the CO2 measurement. The ABPA showed a fair sensitivity and a good specificity.
CONCLUSION: The reference tool based on CO2 data was used in children for the first time and was found to be reliable. The ABPA is a suitable tool for SLPs to confirm the diagnosis of mouth breathing in preschool children if more sensitive screening tools, like parental questionnaires, are used beforehand.
Disciplines :
Human health sciences: Multidisciplinary, general & others Social & behavioral sciences, psychology: Multidisciplinary, general & others
Author, co-author :
Warnier, Morgane ; Université de Liège - ULiège > Département de Logopédie > Logopédie clinique
Piron, Léonor ; Université de Liège - ULiège > Département de Logopédie > Logopédie clinique
Morsomme, Dominique ; Université de Liège - ULiège > Département de Logopédie > Logopédie des troubles de la voix
Maillart, Christelle ; Université de Liège - ULiège > Département de Logopédie > Logopédie clinique
Language :
English
Title :
Towards a better diagnosis of mouth breathing: validity and reliability of a protocol for assessing the awake breathing pattern in preschool children.
Publication date :
29 April 2024
Journal title :
CoDAS
eISSN :
2317-1782
Publisher :
FapUNIFESP (SciELO), Brazil
Volume :
36
Issue :
3
Pages :
e20220330
Peer reviewed :
Peer Reviewed verified by ORBi
Development Goals :
3. Good health and well-being 10. Reduced inequalities
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