Asadi-Pooya, A.A., Simani, L., Central nervous system manifestations of COVID-19: a systematic review. J. Neurol. Sci., 413, 2020, 116832.
Bulfamante, G., Chiumello, D., Canevini, M.P., Priori, A., Mazzanti, M., Centanni, S., Felisati, G., First ultrastructural autoptic findings of SARS -Cov-2 in olfactory pathways and brainstem. Minerva Anestesiol. 86 (2020), 678–679.
Bullen, C.K., Hogberg, H.T., Bahadirli-Talbott, A., Bishai, W.R., Hartung, T., Keuthan, C., Looney, M.M., Pekosz, A., Romero, J.C., Sillé, F.C.M., Um, P., Smirnova, L., Infectability of human BrainSphere neurons suggests neurotropism of SARS-CoV-2. Altex 37 (2020), 665–671.
Cantuti-Castelvetri, L., Ojha, R., Pedro, L.D., Djannatian, M., Franz, J., Kuivanen, S., van der Meer, F., Kallio, K., Kaya, T., Anastasina, M., Smura, T., Levanov, L., Szirovicza, L., Tobi, A., Kallio-Kokko, H., Österlund, P., Joensuu, M., Meunier, F.A., Butcher, S.J., Winkler, M.S., Mollenhauer, B., Helenius, A., Gokce, O., Teesalu, T., Hepojoki, J., Vapalahti, O., Stadelmann, C., Balistreri, G., Simons, M., Neuropilin-1 facilitates SARS-CoV-2 cell entry and infectivity. Science 370 (2020), 856–860.
Chen, N., Zhou, M., Dong, X., Qu, J., Gong, F., Han, Y., Qiu, Y., Wang, J., Liu, Y., Wei, Y., Xia, J., Yu, T., Zhang, X., Zhang, L., Epidemiological and clinical characteristics of 99 cases of 2019 novel coronavirus pneumonia in Wuhan, China: a descriptive study. Lancet 395 (2020), 507–513.
Chu, H., Chan, J.F., Yuen, T.T., Shuai, H., Yuan, S., Wang, Y., Hu, B., Yip, C.C., Tsang, J.O., Huang, X., Chai, Y., Yang, D., Hou, Y., Chik, K.K., Zhang, X., Fung, A.Y., Tsoi, H.W., Cai, J.P., Chan, W.M., Ip, J.D., Chu, A.W., Zhou, J., Lung, D.C., Kok, K.H., To, K.K., Tsang, O.T., Chan, K.H., Yuen, K.Y., Comparative tropism, replication kinetics, and cell damage profiling of SARS-CoV-2 and SARS-CoV with implications for clinical manifestations, transmissibility, and laboratory studies of COVID-19: an observational study. Lancet Microbe. 1 (2020), e14–e23.
Coolen, T., Lolli, V., Sadeghi, N., Rovai, A., Trotta, N., Taccone, F.S., Creteur, J., Henrard, S., Goffard, J.C., De Witte, O., Naeije, G., Goldman, S., De Tiege, X., Early postmortem brain MRI findings in COVID-19 non-survivors. Neurology, 2020.
Coupeau, D., Burton, N., Lejeune, N., Loret, S., Petit, A., Pejakovic, S., Poulain, F., Bonil, L., Trozzi, G., Wiggers, L., Willemart, K., André, E., Laenen, L., Cuypers, L., Van Ranst, M., Bogaerts, P., Muylkens, B., Gillet, N.A., SARS-CoV-2 detection for diagnosis purposes in the setting of a molecular biology research lab. Methods Protoc., 3, 2020.
Gu, J., Gong, E., Zhang, B., Zheng, J., Gao, Z., Zhong, Y., Zou, W., Zhan, J., Wang, S., Xie, Z., Zhuang, H., Wu, B., Zhong, H., Shao, H., Fang, W., Gao, D., Pei, F., Li, X., He, Z., Xu, D., Shi, X., Anderson, V.M., Leong, A.S., Multiple organ infection and the pathogenesis of SARS. J. Exp. Med. 202 (2005), 415–424.
Helms, J., Kremer, S., Merdji, H., Clere-Jehl, R., Schenck, M., Kummerlen, C., Collange, O., Boulay, C., Fafi-Kremer, S., Ohana, M., Anheim, M., Meziani, F., Neurologic features in severe SARS-CoV-2 infection. N. Engl. J. Med. 382 (2020), 2268–2270.
Hoffmann, M., Kleine-Weber, H., Schroeder, S., Krüger, N., Herrler, T., Erichsen, S., Schiergens, T.S., Herrler, G., Wu, N.H., Nitsche, A., Müller, M.A., Drosten, C., Pöhlmann, S., SARS-CoV-2 cell entry depends on ACE2 and TMPRSS2 and is blocked by a clinically proven protease inhibitor. Cell 181 (2020), 271–280.e8.
Kanberg, N., Ashton, N.J., Andersson, L.M., Yilmaz, A., Lindh, M., Nilsson, S., Price, R.W., Blennow, K., Zetterberg, H., Gisslén, M., Neurochemical evidence of astrocytic and neuronal injury commonly found in COVID-19. Neurology. 95 (2020), e1754–e1759.
Kilinc, D., van de Pasch, S., Doets, A.Y., Jacobs, B.C., van Vliet, J., Garssen, M.P.J., Guillain-Barré syndrome after SARS-CoV-2 infection. Eur. J. Neurol., 2020.
Kumari, P., Rothan, H.A., Natekar, J.P., Stone, S., Pathak, H., Strate, P.G., Arora, K., Brinton, M.A., Kumar, M., Neuroinvasion and encephalitis following intranasal inoculation of SARS-CoV-2 in K18-hACE2 Mice. Viruses, 13, 2021.
Lu, R., Zhao, X., Li, J., Niu, P., Yang, B., Wu, H., Wang, W., Song, H., Huang, B., Zhu, N., Bi, Y., Ma, X., Zhan, F., Wang, L., Hu, T., Zhou, H., Hu, Z., Zhou, W., Zhao, L., Chen, J., Meng, Y., Wang, J., Lin, Y., Yuan, J., Xie, Z., Ma, J., Liu, W.J., Wang, D., Xu, W., Holmes, E.C., Gao, G.F., Wu, G., Chen, W., Shi, W., Tan, W., Genomic characterisation and epidemiology of 2019 novel coronavirus: implications for virus origins and receptor binding. Lancet 395 (2020), 565–574.
Mahmoud, S., Gharagozloo, M., Simard, C., Gris, D., Astrocytes maintain glutamate homeostasis in the CNS by controlling the balance between glutamate uptake and release. Cells, 8, 2019.
Mao, L., Jin, H., Wang, M., Hu, Y., Chen, S., He, Q., Chang, J., Hong, C., Zhou, Y., Wang, D., Miao, X., Li, Y., Hu, B., Neurologic manifestations of hospitalized patients with coronavirus disease 2019 in Wuhan, China. JAMA Neurol. 77 (2020), 683–690.
Mao, L., Wang, M., Chen, S., He, Q., Chang, J., Hong, C., Zhou, Y., Wang, D., Li, Y., Jin, H., Hu, B., 2020. Neurological Manifestations of Hospitalized Patients with COVID-19 in Wuhan, China: a retrospective case series study. medRxiv. 2020.02.22.20026500.
Meinhardt, J., Radke, J., Dittmayer, C., Franz, J., Thomas, C., Mothes, R., Laue, M., Schneider, J., Brünink, S., Greuel, S., Lehmann, M., Hassan, O., Aschman, T., Schumann, E., Chua, R.L., Conrad, C., Eils, R., Stenzel, W., Windgassen, M., Rößler, L., Goebel, H.H., Gelderblom, H.R., Martin, H., Nitsche, A., Schulz-Schaeffer, W.J., Hakroush, S., Winkler, M.S., Tampe, B., Scheibe, F., Körtvélyessy, P., Reinhold, D., Siegmund, B., Kühl, A.A., Elezkurtaj, S., Horst, D., Oesterhelweg, L., Tsokos, M., Ingold-Heppner, B., Stadelmann, C., Drosten, C., Corman, V.M., Radbruch, H., Heppner, F.L., Olfactory transmucosal SARS-CoV-2 invasion as a port of central nervous system entry in individuals with COVID-19. Nat. Neurosci., 2020.
Moriguchi, T., Harii, N., Goto, J., Harada, D., Sugawara, H., Takamino, J., Ueno, M., Sakata, H., Kondo, K., Myose, N., Nakao, A., Takeda, M., Haro, H., Inoue, O., Suzuki-Inoue, K., Kubokawa, K., Ogihara, S., Sasaki, T., Kinouchi, H., Kojin, H., Ito, M., Onishi, H., Shimizu, T., Sasaki, Y., Enomoto, N., Ishihara, H., Furuya, S., Yamamoto, T., Shimada, S., A first case of meningitis/encephalitis associated with SARS-Coronavirus-2. Int. J. Infect. Dis. 94 (2020), 55–58.
Netland, J., Meyerholz, D.K., Moore, S., Cassell, M., Perlman, S., Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus infection causes neuronal death in the absence of encephalitis in mice transgenic for human ACE2. J. Virol. 82 (2008), 7264–7275.
Ortiz, M.E., Thurman, A., Pezzulo, A.A., Leidinger, M.R., Klesney-Tait, J.A., Karp, P.H., Tan, P., Wohlford-Lenane, C., McCray, P.B. Jr., Meyerholz, D.K., Heterogeneous expression of the SARS-Coronavirus-2 receptor ACE2 in the human respiratory tract. EBioMedicine, 60, 2020, 102976.
Paniz-Mondolfi, A., Bryce, C., Grimes, Z., Gordon, R.E., Reidy, J., Lednicky, J., Sordillo, E.M., Fowkes, M., Central nervous system involvement by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2). J. Med. Virol. 92 (2020), 699–702.
Paterson, R.W., Brown, R.L., Benjamin, L., Nortley, R., Wiethoff, S., Bharucha, T., Jayaseelan, D.L., Kumar, G., Raftopoulos, R.E., Zambreanu, L., Vivekanandam, V., Khoo, A., Geraldes, R., Chinthapalli, K., Boyd, E., Tuzlali, H., Price, G., Christofi, G., Morrow, J., McNamara, P., McLoughlin, B., Lim, S.T., Mehta, P.R., Levee, V., Keddie, S., Yong, W., Trip, S.A., Foulkes, A.J.M., Hotton, G., Miller, T.D., Everitt, A.D., Carswell, C., Davies, N.W.S., Yoong, M., Attwell, D., Sreedharan, J., Silber, E., Schott, J.M., Chandratheva, A., Perry, R.J., Simister, R., Checkley, A., Longley, N., Farmer, S.F., Carletti, F., Houlihan, C., Thom, M., Lunn, M.P., Spillane, J., Howard, R., Vincent, A., Werring, D.J., Hoskote, C., Jäger, H.R., Manji, H., Zandi, M.S., The emerging spectrum of COVID-19 neurology: clinical, radiological and laboratory findings. Brain 143 (2020), 3104–3120.
Pemberton, K., Mersman, B., Xu, F., Using ImageJ to assess neurite outgrowth in mammalian cell cultures: research data quantification exercises in undergraduate neuroscience lab. J. Undergrad. Neurosci. Educ. 16 (2018), A186–A194.
Poyiadji, N., Shahin, G., Noujaim, D., Stone, M., Patel, S., Griffith, B., COVID-19-associated acute hemorrhagic necrotizing encephalopathy: CT and MRI features. Radiology, 2020, 201187.
Puelles, V.G., Lütgehetmann, M., Lindenmeyer, M.T., Sperhake, J.P., Wong, M.N., Allweiss, L., Chilla, S., Heinemann, A., Wanner, N., Liu, S., Braun, F., Lu, S., Pfefferle, S., Schröder, A.S., Edler, C., Gross, O., Glatzel, M., Wichmann, D., Wiech, T., Kluge, S., Pueschel, K., Aepfelbacher, M., Huber, T.B., Multiorgan and renal tropism of SARS-CoV-2. N. Engl. J. Med. 383 (2020), 590–592.
Radzikowska, U., Ding, M., Tan, G., Zhakparov, D., Peng, Y., Wawrzyniak, P., Wang, M., Li, S., Morita, H., Altunbulakli, C., Reiger, M., Neumann, A.U., Lunjani, N., Traidl-Hoffmann, C., Nadeau, K.C., O'Mahony, L., Akdis, C., Sokolowska, M., Distribution of ACE2, CD147, CD26, and other SARS-CoV-2 associated molecules in tissues and immune cells in health and in asthma, COPD, obesity, hypertension, and COVID-19 risk factors. Allergy 75 (2020), 2829–2845.
Ramani, A., Müller, L., Ostermann, P.N., Gabriel, E., Abida-Islam, P., Müller-Schiffmann, A., Mariappan, A., Goureau, O., Gruell, H., Walker, A., Andrée, M., Hauka, S., Houwaart, T., Dilthey, A., Wohlgemuth, K., Omran, H., Klein, F., Wieczorek, D., Adams, O., Timm, J., Korth, C., Schaal, H., Gopalakrishnan, J., SARS-CoV-2 targets neurons of 3D human brain organoids. EMBO J., 39, 2020, e106230.
Song, E., Zhang, C., Israelow, B., Lu-Culligan, A., Prado, A.V., Skriabine, S., Lu, P., Weizman, O.E., Liu, F., Dai, Y., Szigeti-Buck, K., Yasumoto, Y., Wang, G., Castaldi, C., Heltke, J., Ng, E., Wheeler, J., Alfajaro, M.M., Levavasseur, E., Fontes, B., Ravindra, N.G., Van Dijk, D., Mane, S., Gunel, M., Ring, A., Kazmi, S.A.J., Zhang, K., Wilen, C.B., Horvath, T.L., Plu, I., Haik, S., Thomas, J.L., Louvi, A., Farhadian, S.F., Huttner, A., Seilhean, D., Renier, N., Bilguvar, K., Iwasaki, A., Neuroinvasion of SARS-CoV-2 in human and mouse brain. J. Exp. Med., 218, 2021.
Uversky, V.N., Elrashdy, F., Aljadawi, A., Ali, S.M., Khan, R.H., Redwan, E.M., Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 infection reaches the human nervous system: How?. J. Neurosci. Res., 2020.
Yang, L., Han, Y., Nilsson-Payant, B.E., Gupta, V., Wang, P., Duan, X., Tang, X., Zhu, J., Zhao, Z., Jaffré, F., Zhang, T., Kim, T.W., Harschnitz, O., Redmond, D., Houghton, S., Liu, C., Naji, A., Ciceri, G., Guttikonda, S., Bram, Y., Nguyen, D.T., Cioffi, M., Chandar, V., Hoagland, D.A., Huang, Y., Xiang, J., Wang, H., Lyden, D., Borczuk, A., Chen, H.J., Studer, L., Pan, F.C., Ho, D.D., tenOever, B.R., Evans, T., Schwartz, R.E., Chen, S., A human pluripotent stem cell-based platform to study SARS-CoV-2 tropism and model virus infection in human cells and organoids. Cell Stem Cell 27 (2020), 125–136.e7.
Ye, Z.C., Sontheimer, H., Glioma cells release excitotoxic concentrations of glutamate. Cancer Res. 59 (1999), 4383–4391.
Zanin, L., Saraceno, G., Panciani, P.P., Renisi, G., Signorini, L., Migliorati, K., Fontanella, M.M., SARS-CoV-2 can induce brain and spine demyelinating lesions. Acta Neurochir. (Wien) 162 (2020), 1491–1494.
Zhao, K., Huang, J., Dai, D., Feng, Y., Liu, L., Nie, S., 2020. Acute myelitis after SARS-CoV-2 infection: a case report. medRxiv. 2020.03.16.20035105.