Emotional Intelligence Profiles and Job Search Correlates in the Context of the School-to-Work Transition

emotional intelligence; job search clarity; job search self-efficacy; person-centered approach; school-to-work transition; Education; Applied Psychology; Psychology (all); Organizational Behavior and Human Resource Management; General Psychology

Abstract :

[en] The current study adopted a person-centered approach to explore emotional intelligence profiles among 1582 university students and investigated whether different combinations of self-focused (i.e., intrapersonal) and other-focused (i.e., interpersonal) emotion appraisal and regulation emerged between women and men. We also examined the relations of these profiles with job search self-efficacy and job search clarity. Four distinct profiles emerged for the women and men that differed in terms of level and shape. Furthermore, these profiles predicted job search self-efficacy significantly for the women and men, but they predicted only job search clarity among the men. These results provide evidence about the importance of differentiating profiles of emotional intelligence between women and men and to be particularly attentive to gender stereotypes. Second, these results open new avenues for tailor-made career counseling interventions for university students facing the school-to-work transition.

Research Center/Unit :

HEC Recherche. Changing workplace and strategic HRM - ULiège
LENTIC - Laboratoire d'Études sur les Nouvelles Formes de Travail, l'Innovation et le Changement - ULiège

Disciplines :

Human resources management

Author, co-author :

Pirsoul, Thomas ; Université de Liège - ULiège > HEC Liège Research > HEC Liège Research: Changing workplace and strategic HRM ; UCLouvain, Psychological Sciences Research Institute, Louvain-la-Neuve, Belgium

Parmentier, Michaël ; Université de Liège - ULiège > HEC Liège Research > HEC Liège Research: Changing workplace and strategic HRM ; UCLouvain, Psychological Sciences Research Institute, Louvain-la-Neuve, Belgium ; Research Center in Vocational Psychology and Career Counseling, Institute of Psychology, Université de Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland ; Division of Research and Innovation, University of Applied Sciences and Arts Western Switzerland, Delémont, Switzerland

Nils, Frédéric; UCLouvain, Psychological Sciences Research Institute, Louvain-la-Neuve, Belgium

Language :

English

Title :

Emotional Intelligence Profiles and Job Search Correlates in the Context of the School-to-Work Transition

Publication date :

October 2023

Journal title :

Journal of Career Development

ISSN :

0894-8453

eISSN :

1573-3548

Publisher :

SAGE Publications Inc.

Volume :

Issue :

Pages :

1038 - 1057

Peer reviewed :

Peer Reviewed verified by ORBi

Additional URL :

http://journals.sagepub.com/doi/pdf/10.1177/08948453221141445

Available on ORBi :

since 08 January 2024

Statistics

Number of views

96 (5 by ULiège)

Number of downloads

236 (2 by ULiège)

More statistics

Scopus citations^®

Scopus citations^®
without self-citations

OpenCitations

OpenAlex citations

Bibliography

Akkermans J. Blokker R. Buers C. Van der Heijden B. De Vos A. (2021). Ready, set, go! School-to-work transition in the new career. In Marshall E.A. Symonds J.E. (Eds.), Young adult development at the school-to-work transition (pp. 77-104). The Oxford University Press. https://doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780190941512.003.0004
Bar-on R. (2006). The Bar-On model of emotional-social intelligence (ESI). Psichothema, 18(1), 13–25.
Brasseur S. Grégoire J. Bourdu R. Mikolajczak M. (2013). The profile of emotional competence (PEC): Development and validation of a self-reported measure that fits dimensions of emotional competence theory. PLoS ONE, 8(5), Article e62635. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0062635
Brislin R. W. (1981). Translation and content analysis or oral and written material. In Triandis H. C. Berry J. W. (Eds), Handbook of cultural psychology (pp. 398–444). Allyn & Bacon.
Brody L. R. (2000). The socialization of gender differences in emotional expression: Display rules, infant temperament, and differentiation. In Fischer A. H. (Ed), Gender and emotion (pp. 24–47). Cambridge University Press.
Cardoso-Seixas R. (2016). Emotion regulation and job burnout: Investigating the relationship between emotion-regulation knowledge, abilities and dispositions and their role in the prediction of job burnout. [Unpublished dissertation]. University of Luxembourg.
Clore G. L. Gasper K. Garvin E. (2001). Affect as information. In Forgas J. P. (Ed), Handbook of affect and social cognition (pp. 121–144). Lawrence Erlbaum Associates.
Coetzee M. Beukes C. (2010). Employability, emotional intelligence and career preparation support satisfaction among adolescents in the school-to-work transition phase. Journal of Psychology in Africa, 20(3), 439–446. https://doi.org/10.1080/14330237.2010.10820396
Côté S. Saks A. M. Zikic J. (2006). Trait affect and job search outcomes. Journal of Vocational Behavior, 68(2), 233–252. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jvb.2005.08.001
Di Fabio A. Kenny M. E. (2011). Promoting emotional intelligence and career decision making among Italian high school students. Journal of Career Assessment, 19(1), 21–34. https://doi.org/10.1177/1069072710382530
Di Fabio A. Saklofske D. H. (2014). Promoting individual resources: The challenge of trait emotional intelligence. Personality and Individual Differences, 65(1), 19–23. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.paid.2014.01.026
Eagly A. H. Wood W. (2016). Social Role Theory of Sex Differences. In Naples N. Hoogland R. C. Wickramasinghe M. Wong W. C. A. (Eds.), The Wiley Blackwell Encyclopedia of Gender and Sexuality Studies.
Extremera N. Fernández-Berrocal P. (2006). Emotional intelligence as predictor of mental, social, and physical health in university students. The Spanish Journal of Psychology, 9(1), 45-51. https://doi.org/10.1017/S1138741600005965
Fiori M. (2009). A new look at emotional intelligence: A dual-process framework. Personality and Social Psychology Review, 13(1), 21–44. https://doi.org/10.1177/1088868308326909
Gerits L. Derksen J. J. L. Verbruggen A. B. Katzko M. (2005). Emotional intelligence profiles of nurses caring for people with severe behaviour problems. Personality and Individual Differences, 38(1), 33–43. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.paid.2004.03.019
Gohm C. L. (2003). Mood regulation and emotional intelligence: Individual differences. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 84(3), 594–607. https://doi.org/10.1037/0022-3514.84.3.594
Gohm C. L. Clore G. L. (2002). Four latent traits of emotional experience and their involvement in well-being, coping, and attributional style. Cognition and Emotion, 16(4), 495–518. https://doi.org/10.1080/02699930143000374
Greenberg L. S. (2002). Integrating an emotion-focused approach to treatment into psychotherapy integration. Journal of Psychotherapy Integration 12(2), 154–189. https://doi.org/10.1037/1053-0479.12.2.154
Guan Y. Deng H. Sun J. Wang Y. Y. Cai Z. Ye L. Fu R. Wang Y. Y. Zhang S. Li Y. (2013). Career adaptability, job search self-efficacy and outcomes: A three-wave investigation among Chinese university graduates. Journal of Vocational Behavior, 83(3), 561–570. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jvb.2013.09.003
Hartung P. J. (2011). Barrier or benefit? Emotion in life-career design. Journal of Career Assessment, 193(1), 296-305. https://doi.org/10.1177/1069072710395536
Hirschi A. Herrmann A. Keller A. C. (2015). Career adaptivity, adaptability, and adapting: A conceptual and empirical investigation. Journal of Vocational Behavior, 87(1), 1–10. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jvb.2014.11.008
Hodzic S. Scharfen J. Ripoll P. Holling H. Zenasni F. (2018). How efficient are emotional intelligence trainings: A meta-analysis. Emotion Review, 10(2), 138–148. https://doi.org/10.1177/1754073917708613
Joseph D. L. Newman D. A. (2010). Emotional intelligence: An integrative meta-analysis and cascading model. Journal of Applied Psychology, 95(1), 54–78. https://doi.org/10.1037/a0017286
Kanfer R. Kantrowitz T. M. Wanberg C. R. (2001). Job search and employment: A personality-motivational analysis and meta-analytic review. Journal of Applied Psychology, 86(5), 837–855. https://doi.org/10.1037/0021-9010.86.5.837
Keefer K. V. Parker J. D. A. Wood L. M. (2012). Trait emotional intelligence and university graduation outcomes: Using latent profile Analysis to identify students at risk for degree noncompletion. Journal of Psychoeducational Assessment, 30(4), 402–413. https://doi.org/10.1177/0734282912449446
Lopez-Zafra E. Gartzia L. (2014). Perceptions of gender differences in self-report measures of emotional intelligence. Sex Roles, 70(11), 479–495. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11199-014-0368-6
Lumley M. A. Gustavson B. J. Partridge R. T. Labouvie-Vief G. (2005). Assessing alexithymia and related emotional ability constructs using multiple methods: Interrelationships among measures. Emotion, 5(3), 329–342. https://doi.org/10.1037/1528-3542.5.3.329
MacCann C. Jiang Y. Brown L. E. R. Double K. S. Bucich M. Minbashian A. (2020). Emotional intelligence predicts academic performance: A meta-analysis. Psychological Bulletin, 146(2), 150–186. https://doi.org/10.1037/bul0000219
Martínez-Marín M. D. Martínez C. Paterna C. (2020). Gendered self-concept and gender as predictors of emotional intelligence: A comparison through of age. Current Psychology, 40, 4205-4218. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12144-020-00904-z
McIntyre H. H. (2010). Gender differences in the nature and linkage of higher-order personality factors to trait and ability emotional intelligence. Personality and Individual Differences, 48(5), 617–622. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.paid.2009.12.019
Miao C. Humphrey R. H. Qian S. Pollack J. M. (2018). Emotional intelligence and entrepreneurial intentions: An exploratory meta-analysis. Career Development International, 23(5), 497–512. https://doi.org/10.1108/CDI-01-2018-0019
Mikolajczak M. Quoidbach J. Kotsou I. Nelis D. (2009). Les compétences émotionnelles. Dunod.
Mittal S. (2020). Ability-based emotional intelligence and career adaptability: Role in job-search success of university students. Higher Education, Skills and Work-Based Learning. https://doi.org/10.1108/HESWBL-10-2019-0145
Morin A. J. S. Bujacz A. Gagné M. (2018). Person-centered methodologies in the organizational sciences: Introduction to the feature topic. Organizational Research Methods, 21(4), 803–813. https://doi.org/10.1177/1094428118773856
Morin A. J. S. Meyer J. P. Creusier J. Biétry F. (2016). Multiple-group Analysis of similarity in latent profile solutions. Organizational Research Methods, 19(2), 231–254. https://doi.org/10.1177/1094428115621148
Mortan R. A. Ripoll P. Carvalho C. Bernal M. C. (2014). Effects of emotional intelligence on entrepreneurial intention and self-efficacy. Journal of Work and Organizational Psychology, 30(3), 97–104. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rpto.2014.11.004
Nelis D. Kotsou I. Quoidbach J. Hansenne M. Weytens F. Dupuis P. Mikolajczak M. (2011). Increasing emotional competence improves psychological and physical well-being, social relationships, and employability. Emotion, 11(2), 354–366. https://doi.org/10.1037/a0021554
Nieto-Flores M. P. Berrios M. P. Extremera N. (2019). Job search self-efficacy as a mediator between emotional intelligence and the active job search process/Autoeficacia de búsqueda como mediadora de la inteligencia emocional y la búsqueda activa de empleo. Revista de Psicologia Social, 34(1), 86–109. https://doi.org/10.1080/02134748.2018.1537652
Nozaki Y. (2015). Emotional competence and extrinsic emotion regulation directed toward an ostracized person. Emotion, 15(6), 763–774. https://doi.org/10.1037/emo0000081
Nylund K.L. Asparouhov T. Muthén B.O. (2007). Deciding on the number of classes in latent class analysis and growth mixture modeling: A Monte Carlo simulation study. Structural Equation Modeling: A Multidisciplinary Journal, 14(4), 535–569. https://doi.org/10.1080/10705510701575396
Olivera-Aguilar M. Rikoon S. H. (2018). Assessing measurement invariance in multiple-group latent profile Analysis. Structural Equation Modeling: A Multidisciplinary Journal, 25(3), 439–452. https://doi.org/10.1080/10705511.2017.1408015
Parker J. D. A. Keefer K. V. Wood L. M. (2011). Toward a brief multidimensional assessment of emotional intelligence: Psychometric properties of the emotional quotient inventory-short form. Psychological Assessment, 23(3), 762–777. https://doi.org/10.1037/a0023289
Parmentier M. Pirsoul T. Bouchat P. Nils F. (2022). Emotional anticipation of the school‐to‐work transition: A multigroup latent profile analysis. The Career Development Quarterly. https://doi.org/10.1002/cdq.12309
Parmentier M. Pirsoul T. Nils F. (2019). Examining the impact of emotional intelligence on career adaptability: A two-wave cross-lagged study. Personality and Individual Differences, 151, 1–6. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.paid.2019.05.052
Parmentier M. Pirsoul T. Nils F. (2021). Career adaptability profiles and their relations with emotional and decision-making correlates among Belgian undergraduate students. Journal of Career Development. 49(4), 11. https://doi.org/10.1177/08948453211005553
Pekaar K. A. Bakker A. B. Born M. P. van der Linden D. (2019). The consequences of self- and other-focused emotional intelligence: Not all sunshine and roses. Journal of Occupational Health Psychology, 24(4), 450–466. https://doi.org/10.1037/ocp0000134
Pekaar K. A. Bakker A. B. van der Linden D. Born M. P. (2018a). Self- and other-focused emotional intelligence: Development and validation of the Rotterdam emotional intelligence scale (REIS). Personality and Individual Differences, 120 (August), 222–233. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.paid.2017.08.045
Pekaar K. A. Bakker A. B. van der Linden D. Born M. P. Sirén H. J. (2018b). Managing own and others’ emotions: A weekly diary study on the enactment of emotional intelligence. Journal of Vocational Behavior, 109 (September), 137–151. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jvb.2018.10.004
Peña-Sarrionandia A. Mikolajczak M. Gross J. J. (2015). Integrating emotion regulation and emotional intelligence traditions: A meta-analysis. Frontiers in Psychology, 6, 160. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2015.00160
Petrides K. V. Furnham A. (2000b). On the dimensional structure of emotional intelligence. Personality and Individual Differences, 29(2), 313–320. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0191-8869(99)00195-6
Petrides K. V. Furnham A. (2000a). Gender differences in measured and self-estimated trait emotional intelligence. Sex Roles, 42(5–6), 449–461. https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1007006523133
Petrides K. V. Furnham A. (2001). Trait emotional intelligence: Psychometric investigation with reference to established trait taxonomies. European Journal of Personality, 15(6), 425–448. https://doi.org/10.1002/per.416
Petruzziello G. Mariani M. G. Chiesa R. Guglielmi D. (2021). Self-efficacy and job search success for new graduates. Personnel Review, 50(1), 225–243. https://doi.org/10.1108/PR-01-2019-0009
Pirsoul T. Parmentier M. Nils F. (2021). One step beyond emotional intelligence measurement in career development of adult learners: A bifactor exploratory structural equation modeling. Current Psychology. Online ahead of print. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12144-021-01772-x
Potgieter I.L. (2014). Psycho-social career meta-capacities: Dynamics of contemporary career development. In Coetzee M. (Ed.), Personality and psycho-social employability attributes as meta-capacities for sustained employability (pp. 35-54). Springer International Publishing AG.
Puffer K. A. (2011). Emotional intelligence as a salient predictor for collegians’ career decision making. Journal of Career Assessment, 19(2), 130–150. https://doi.org/10.1177/1069072710385545
Saks A. M. Ashforth B. E. (1999). Effects of individual differences and job search behaviors on the employment status of recent university graduates. Journal of Vocational Behavior, 54(2), 335–349. https://doi.org/10.1006/jvbe.1998.1665
Salovey P. Mayer J. D. (1990). Emotional intelligence. Imagination, Cognition and Personality, 9(3), 185–211.
Savickas M. L. (2013). Career construction theory and practice. In Brown S. D. Lent R. W. (Eds), Career development and counseling: Putting theory and research to work (2nd ed., pp. 147–183). John Wiley & Sons.
Spurk D. Hirschi A. Wang M. Valero D. Kauffeld S. (2020). Latent profile analysis: A review and “how to” guide of its application within vocational behavior research. Journal of Vocational Behavior, 120, 103445. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jvb.2020.103445
Toyama H. Mauno S. (2016). A latent profile analysis of trait emotional intelligence to identify beneficial and risk profiles in well-being and job performance: A study among Japanese eldercare nurses. International Journal of Work Organisation and Emotion, 7(4), 336–353. https://doi.org/10.1504/IJWOE.2016.081841
Urquijo I. Extremera N. Solabarrieta J. (2019). Connecting emotion regulation to career outcomes: Do proactivity and job search self-efficacy mediate this link? Psychology Research and Behavior Management, 12, 1109-1120. https://doi.org/10.2147/PRBM.S220677
van Hooft E. A. J. Kammeyer-Mueller J. D. Wanberg C. R. Kanfer R. Basbug G. (2021). Job search and employment success: A quantitative review and future research agenda. Journal of Applied Psychology, 106(5), 674–713. https://doi.org/10.1037/apl0000675
Vesely Maillefer A. Udayar S. Fiori M. (2018). Enhancing the prediction of emotionally intelligent behavior: The PAT integrated framework involving trait EI, ability EI, and emotion information processing. Frontiers in Psychology, 9, 1078. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2018.01078
Wanberg C. R. Zhang Z. Diehn E. W. (2010). Development of the «getting ready for your next job» inventory for unemployed individuals. Personnel Psychology, 63(2), 439–478. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1744-6570.2010.01177.x
Young R. A. Valach L. Collin A. (1996). A contextual explanation of career. In Brown D. Brooks L. (Eds), Career choice and development (pp. 477–512). Jossey-Bas.
Zikic J. Saks A. M. (2009). Job search and social cognitive theory: The role of career-relevant activities. Journal of Vocational Behavior, 74(1), 117–127. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jvb.2008.11.001