[en] In the last decade, a dozen close-in giant planets have been discovered orbiting stars with spectral types ranging from M0 to M4, a mystery since known formation pathways do not predict the existence of such systems. Here, we confirm TOI-4860 b, a Jupiter-sized planet orbiting an M4.5 host, a star at the transition between fully and partially convective interiors. First identified with TESS data, we validate the transiting companion's planetary nature through multicolour photometry from the TRAPPIST-South/North, SPECULOOS, and MuSCAT3 facilities. Our analysis yields a radius of 0.76 +/- 0.02 R_Jup for the planet, a mass of 0.34 M_\odot for the star, and an orbital period of 1.52 d. Using the newly commissioned SPIRIT InGaAs camera at the SPECULOOS-South Observatory, we collect infrared photometry in zYJ that spans the time of secondary eclipse. These observations do not detect a secondary eclipse, placing an upper limit on the brightness of the companion. The planetary nature of the companion is further confirmed through high-resolution spectroscopy obtained with the IRD spectrograph at Subaru Telescope, from which we measure a mass of 0.67 +/- 0.14 M_Jup. Based on its overall density, TOI-4860 b appears to be rich in heavy elements, like its host star.
Disciplines :
Space science, astronomy & astrophysics
Author, co-author :
Triaud, Amaury H. M. J.; University of Birmingham, School of Physics and Astronomy
Dransfield, Georgina; University of Birmingham, School of Physics and Astronomy
Narita, Norio; University of Tokyo, Japan, Center for Astrobiology, Madrid, Astrophysical Institute of the Canaries
Barkaoui, Khalid ; Université de Liège - ULiège > Département d'astrophysique, géophysique et océanographie (AGO) > Exoplanets in Transit: Identification and Characterization
Hirano, Teruyuki; Center for Astrobiology, Madrid, National Astronomical Observatory of Japan
Rackham, Benjamin V.; MIT, Department of Earth and Planetary Science, MIT, Center for Space Research/Kavli Institute
Mori, Mayuko; University of Tokyo, Japan
Baycroft, Thomas; University of Birmingham, School of Physics and Astronomy
Benkhaldoun, Zouhair; University Cadi Ayyad, Morocco
Burgasser, Adam J.; Department of Astronomy and Astrophysics, UC San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
Caldwell, Douglas A.; NASA Ames Research Center, SETI Institute, California
Collins, Karen A.; Harvard Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics
Davis, Yasmin T.; University of Birmingham, School of Physics and Astronomy
Delrez, Laetitia ; Université de Liège - ULiège > Département d'astrophysique, géophysique et océanographie (AGO) > Exoplanets in Transit: Identification and Characterization
Demory, Brice-Oliver; University of Bern, Switzerland
Ducrot, Elsa ; Université de Liège - ULiège > Département d'astrophysique, géophysique et océanographie (AGO) > Exoplanets in Transit: Identification and Characterization ; CEA Saclay, Service d'Astrophysique
Fukui, Akihiko; University of Tokyo, Japan, Astrophysical Institute of the Canaries
Muñoz, Clàudia Jano; University of Cambridge, Institute of Astronomy
Jehin, Emmanuel ; Université de Liège - ULiège > Département d'astrophysique, géophysique et océanographie (AGO) > Origines Cosmologiques et Astrophysiques (OrCa)
Garcia, Lionel ; Université de Liège - ULiège > Astrobiology
Gillon, Michaël ; Université de Liège - ULiège > Département d'astrophysique, géophysique et océanographie (AGO)
Chew, Yilen Gómez Maqueo; UNAM, Institute of Astronomy
Hooton, Matthew J.; University of Cambridge, Institute of Astronomy
Ikoma, Masahiro; National Astronomical Observatory of Japan
Kawauchi, Kiyoe; Ritsumeikan University, Japan
Kotani, Takayuki; Center for Astrobiology, Madrid, National Astronomical Observatory of Japan, Graduate University for Advanced Studies, Department of Astronomical Science
Levine, Alan M.; MIT, Center for Space Research/Kavli Institute
Pallé, Enric; Astrophysical Institute of the Canaries
Pedersen, Peter P.; Department of Physics, ETH Zurich, Wolfgang-Pauli-Strasse 2, CH-8093 Zurich, Switzerland
Pozuelos, Francisco J.; University of Liege, Belgium, Institute of Astrophysics of Andalusia
Queloz, Didier; University of Cambridge, Institute of Astronomy, -
Scutt, Owen J.; University of Birmingham, School of Physics and Astronomy
Seager, Sara; MIT, Department of Earth and Planetary Science
Sebastian, Daniel ; Université de Liège - ULiège > Département d'astrophysique, géophysique et océanographie (AGO) > Exoplanets in Transit: Identification and Characterization ; University of Birmingham, School of Physics and Astronomy
Tamura, Motohide; Center for Astrobiology, Madrid, National Astronomical Observatory of Japan, University of Tokyo, Department of Astronomy
Thompson, Samantha; University of Cambridge, Institute of Astronomy
Watanabe, Noriharu; University of Tokyo, Japan
de Wit, Julien; MIT, Department of Earth and Planetary Science
Winn, Joshua N.; Princeton University, Department of Astrophysical Sciences
Baraffe I., Homeier D., Allard F., Chabrier G., 2015, A&A, 577, A42
Barkaoui K. et al., 2019, AJ, 157, 43
Bochanski J. J., West A. A., Hawley S. L., Covey K. R., 2007, AJ, 133, 531
Bond I. A. et al., 2004, ApJ, 606, L155
Bryant E. M., Bayliss D., Van Eylen V., 2023, MNRAS, 521, 3663
Burdanov A., Delrez L., Gillon M., Jehin E., 2018, in Deeg H. J., Belmonte J. A., eds, Handbook of Exoplanets. Springer, Cham, p. 130
Burgasser A. J., 2007, ApJ, 659, 655
Burgasser A. J., Splat Development Team, 2017, in Coelho P., Martins L., Griffin E., eds, Astronomical Society of India Conference Series, Vol. 14, The SpeX Prism Library Analysis Toolkit (SPLAT): A Data Curation Model. p. 7
Burn R., Schlecker M., Mordasini C., Emsenhuber A., Alibert Y., Henning T., Klahr H., Benz W., 2021, A&A, 656, A72
Caldwell D. A. et al., 2020, Res. Notes AAS, 4, 201
Cañas C. I. et al., 2023, AJ, 166, 30
Casewell S. L. et al., 2018, MNRAS, 481, 1897
Cloutier R. et al., 2021, AJ, 162, 79
Correia A. C. M. et al., 2010, A&A, 511, A21
Cushing M. C., Vacca W. D., Rayner J. T., 2004, PASP, 116, 362
Cushing M. C., Rayner J. T., Vacca W. D., 2005, ApJ, 623, 1115
Delfosse X., Forveille T., Mayor M., Perrier C., Naef D., Queloz D., 1998, A&A, 338, L67
Delrez L. et al., 2018, in Marshall H. K., Spyromilio J., eds, Proc. SPIE Conf. Ser. Vol. 10700, Ground-based and Airborne Telescopes VII. SPIE, Bellingham, p. 107001I
Delrez L. et al., 2022, A&A, 667, A59
Douglas S. T. et al., 2014, ApJ, 795, 161
Dransfield G. et al., 2022, MNRAS, 515, 1328
Duquennoy A., Mayor M., 1991, A&A, 248, 485
Gaia Collaboration, 2016, A&A, 595, A1
Gaia Collaboration, 2023, A&A, 674, A1
Garcia L. J., Timmermans M., Pozuelos F. J., Ducrot E., Gillon M., Delrez L., Wells R. D., Jehin E., 2022, MNRAS, 509, 4817
Gillon M., Jehin E., Magain P., Chantry V., Hutsemékers D., Manfroid J., Queloz D., Udry S., 2011, in Bouchy F., Díaz R., Moutou C., eds, EPJ Web Conf., 11, 06002
Gizis J. E., 1997, AJ, 113, 806
Guillot T., Burrows A., Hubbard W. B., Lunine J. I., Saumon D., 1996, ApJ, 459, L35
Günther M. N., Daylan T., 2019, Astrophysics Source Code Library, record ascl:1903.003
Günther M. N., Daylan T., 2021, ApJS, 254, 13
Hamuy M., Suntzeff N. B., Heathcote S. R., Walker A. R., Gigoux P., Phillips M. M., 1994, PASP, 106, 566
Hartman J. D. et al., 2015, AJ, 149, 166
Hirano T. et al., 2020, PASJ, 72, 93
Hirano T. et al., 2021, AJ, 162, 161
Hobson M. J. et al., 2023, ApJ, 946, L4
Huang C., Wu Y., Triaud A. H. M. J., 2016, ApJ, 825, 98
Huang C. X. et al., 2020, Res. Notes AAS, 4, 204
Husser T. O., Wende-von Berg S., Dreizler S., Homeier D., Reiners A., Barman T., Hauschildt P. H., 2013, A&A, 553, A6
Ida S., Lin D. N. C., 2005, ApJ, 626, 1045
Jehin E. et al., 2011, The Messenger, 145, 2
Jenkins J. M. et al., 2016, in Chiozzi G., Guzman J. C., eds, Proc. SPIE Conf. Ser. Vol. 9913, Software and Cyberinfrastructure for Astronomy IV. SPIE, Bellingham, p. 99133E
Johnson J. A. et al., 2011, ApJ, 730, 79
Kagetani T. et al., 2023, PASJ
Kanodia S. et al., 2023, AJ, 165, 120
Kempton E. M. R. et al., 2018, PASP, 130, 114401
Knutson H. A. et al., 2012, ApJ, 754, 22
Kotani T. et al., 2018, in Evans C. J., Simard L., Takami H., eds, Proc. SPIE Conf. Ser. Vol. 10702, Ground-based and Airborne Instrumentation for Astronomy VII. SPIE, Bellingham, p. 1070211
Lépine S., Rich R. M., Shara M. M., 2003, AJ, 125, 1598
Lépine S., Hilton E. J., Mann A. W., Wilde M., Rojas-Ayala B., Cruz K. L., Gaidos E., 2013, AJ, 145, 102
Lightkurve Collaboration, 2018, Astrophysics Source Code Library, record ascl:1812.013
Madhusudhan N., Seager S., 2009, ApJ, 707, 24
Mann A. W., Brewer J. M., Gaidos E., Lépine S., Hilton E. J., 2013, AJ, 145, 52
Mann A. W., Deacon N. R., Gaidos E., Ansdell M., Brewer J. M., Liu M. C., Magnier E. A., Aller K. M., 2014, AJ, 147, 160
Mann A. W., Feiden G. A., Gaidos E., Boyajian T., von Braun K., 2015, ApJ, 804, 64
Mann A. W. et al., 2019, ApJ, 871, 63
Mann A. W. et al., 2022, AJ, 163, 156
Marcy G. W., Butler R. P., Vogt S. S., Fischer D., Lissauer J. J., 1998, ApJ, 505, L147
Marshall J. L. et al., 2008, in McLean I. S., Casali M. M., eds, Proc. SPIE Conf. Ser. Vol. 7014, Ground-based and Airborne Instrumentation for Astronomy II. SPIE, Bellingham, p. 701454
Moehler S. et al., 2014, A&A, 568, A9
Montet B. T. et al., 2015, ApJ, 800, 134
Morbidelli A., Batygin K., Lega E., 2023, A&A, 675, A75
Narita N. et al., 2020, in Evans C. J., Bryant J. J., Motohara K., eds, Proc. SPIE Conf. Ser. Vol. 11447, Ground-based and Airborne Instrumentation for Astronomy VIII. SPIE, Bellingham, p. 114475K
Palle E. et al., 2021, A&A, 650, A55
Parviainen H., Aigrain S., 2015, MNRAS, 453, 3821
Parviainen H. et al., 2021, A&A, 645, A16
Prochaska J. X. et al., 2020a, pypeit/PypeIt: Release 1.0.0, available at https://zenodo.org/record/3743493
Prochaska J. X. et al., 2020b, J. Open Source Softw., 5, 2308
Rayner J. T., Toomey D. W., Onaka P. M., Denault A. J., Stahlberger W. E., Vacca W. D., Cushing M. C., Wang S., 2003, PASP, 115, 362
Rayner J. T., Cushing M. C., Vacca W. D., 2009, ApJS, 185, 289
Reid I. N., Hawley S. L., Gizis J. E., 1995, AJ, 110, 1838
Rice M. et al., 2022, AJ, 164, 104
Ricker G. R. et al., 2014, in Oschmann Jacobus M. J., Clampin M., Fazio G. G., MacEwen H. A., eds, Proc. SPIE Conf. Ser. Vol. 9143, Space Telescopes and Instrumentation 2014: Optical, Infrared, and Millimeter Wave. SPIE, Bellingham, p. 914320
Seager S., Sasselov D. D., 2000, ApJ, 537, 916
Sebastian D. et al., 2021, A&A, 645, A100
Skrutskie M. F. et al., 2006, AJ, 131, 1163
Snellen I. A. G., de Kok R. J., de Mooij E. J. W., Albrecht S., 2010, Nature, 465, 1049
Southworth J., 2011, MNRAS, 417, 2166
Speagle J. S., 2020, MNRAS, 493, 3132
Stassun K. G. et al., 2019, AJ, 158, 138
Tamura M. et al., 2012, in McLean I. S., Ramsay S. K., Takami H., eds, Proc. SPIE Conf. Ser. Vol. 8446, Ground-based and Airborne Instrumentation for Astronomy IV. SPIE, Bellingham, p. 84461T
Thorngren D., Fortney J. J., 2019, ApJ, 874, L31
Thorngren D. P., Fortney J. J., Murray-Clay R. A., Lopez E. D., 2016, ApJ, 831, 64
Triaud A. H. M. J., 2018, in Deeg H. J., Belmonte J. A., eds, Handbook of Exoplanets. Springer, Cham, p. 2
Triaud A. H. M. J., 2021, in Madhusudhan N., ed., ExoFrontiers. IoP Publishing, Bristol (Institute of Physics), p. 6
Triaud A. H. M. J. et al., 2011, A&A, 531, A24
Triaud A. H. M. J. et al., 2013, A&A, 551, A80
Triaud A. H. M. J. et al., 2020, Nat. Astron., 4, 650
Vernet J. et al., 2010, Highlights Astron., 15, 535
West A. A., Hawley S. L., Bochanski J. J., Covey K. R., Reid I. N., Dhital S., Hilton E. J., Masuda M., 2008, AJ, 135, 785
