Article (Scientific journals)
Phosphogypsum and Black Steel Slag as Additives for Ecological Bentonite-Based Materials: Microstructure and Characterization
Harrou, Achraf; Gharibi, Elkhadir; Taha, Yassine et al.
2020In Minerals
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Keywords :
Black Steel slag; phosphogypsum; Industrial wastes; Bentonite; Clay; Morocco; hydration kinetics; ettringite; Lime; pozzolanic reactivity
Abstract :
[en] The Black Steel slag (Ss) and phosphogypsum (PG) are industrial wastes produced in Morocco. In order to reduce these two wastes and to evaluate their pozzolanic reactivity in the presence of water, they were incorporated into bentonite (B) mixed with lime (L). The studied mixtures (BLW, BL–PG–W and BL–PG–Ss–W) were analyzed by X-ray diffraction, Infrared spectroscopy, Raman spectroscopy and SEM/EDX analysis. Compressive strength tests were performed on hardened specimens. The results obtained show that the hydration kinetics of the B–L–W and B–L–PG–W mixtures are slow. The addition of PG to a bentonite––lime mixture induces the formation of new microstructures such as hydrated calcium silicate (C–S–H) and ettringite, which increases the compressive strength of the cementitious specimens. The addition of the Ss to a mixture composed of 8%PG and 8%L–B accelerates the kinetics of hydration and activates the pozzolanic reaction. The presence of C2S in the slag helps to increase the mechanical strength of the mixture B–L–PG–Ss. The compressive strength of the mixtures BL–W, BL–PG–W and BL–PG–Ss–W increases from 15 to 28 days of setting. After 28 days of setting, 8% of Sc added to the mixture 8% PG–8%L–B is responsible for an increase of the compressive strength to 0.6 MPa.
Disciplines :
Physical, chemical, mathematical & earth Sciences: Multidisciplinary, general & others
Earth sciences & physical geography
Author, co-author :
Harrou, Achraf
Gharibi, Elkhadir
Taha, Yassine
Fagel, Nathalie  ;  Université de Liège - ULiège > Département de géologie > Argiles, géochimie et environnements sédimentaires
El Ouahabi, Meriam  ;  Université de Liège - ULiège > Département de géologie > Argiles, géochimie et environnements sédimentaires
Language :
English
Title :
Phosphogypsum and Black Steel Slag as Additives for Ecological Bentonite-Based Materials: Microstructure and Characterization
Publication date :
28 November 2020
Journal title :
Minerals
eISSN :
2075-163X
Publisher :
MDPI AG, Switzerland
Peer reviewed :
Peer Reviewed verified by ORBi
Available on ORBi :
since 29 November 2020

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