Article (Scientific journals)
IgE and mast cells in host defense against parasites and venoms.
Mukai, Kaori; Tsai, Mindy; Starkl, Philipp et al.
2016In Seminars in Immunopathology
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Keywords :
Allergy; Anaphylaxis; Parasites; Serine proteases; Toxins; Venoms
Abstract :
[en] IgE-dependent mast cell activation is a major effector mechanism underlying the pathology associated with allergic disorders. The most dramatic of these IgE-associated disorders is the fatal anaphylaxis which can occur in some people who have developed IgE antibodies to otherwise innocuous antigens, such as those contained in certain foods and medicines. Why would such a highly "maladaptive" immune response develop in evolution and be retained to the present day? Host defense against parasites has long been considered the only beneficial function that might be conferred by IgE and mast cells. However, recent studies have provided evidence that, in addition to participating in host resistance to certain parasites, mast cells and IgE are critical components of innate (mast cells) and adaptive (mast cells and IgE) immune responses that can enhance host defense against the toxicity of certain arthropod and animal venoms, including enhancing the survival of mice injected with such venoms. Yet, in some people, developing IgE antibodies to insect or snake venoms puts them at risk for having a potentially fatal anaphylactic reaction upon subsequent exposure to such venoms. Delineating the mechanisms underlying beneficial versus detrimental innate and adaptive immune responses associated with mast cell activation and IgE is likely to enhance our ability to identify potential therapeutic targets in such settings, not only for reducing the pathology associated with allergic disorders but perhaps also for enhancing immune protection against pathogens and animal venoms.
Disciplines :
Life sciences: Multidisciplinary, general & others
Author, co-author :
Mukai, Kaori
Tsai, Mindy
Starkl, Philipp
Marichal, Thomas  ;  Université de Liège > Département des sciences fonctionnelles (DSF) > GIGA-R : Biochimie et biologie moléculaire
Galli, Stephen J.
Language :
English
Title :
IgE and mast cells in host defense against parasites and venoms.
Publication date :
2016
Journal title :
Seminars in Immunopathology
ISSN :
1863-2297
eISSN :
1863-2300
Publisher :
Springer Science & Business Media B.V.
Peer reviewed :
Peer Reviewed verified by ORBi
Available on ORBi :
since 14 June 2016

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