Heat tracer test; Shallow geothermal energy; Very low temperature geothermy; Aquifer thermal storage; Heat transfer; Solute transport
Abstract :
[en] Geothermal energy systems, closed or open, are increasingly considered for heating and/or cooling buildings. The efficiency of such systems depends on the thermal properties of the subsurface. Therefore, feasibility and impact studies performed prior to their installation should include a field characterization of thermal properties and a heat transfer model using parameter values measured in situ. However, there is a lack of in situ experiments and methodology for performing such a field characterization, especially for open systems. This study presents an in situ experiment designed for estimating heat transfer parameters in shallow alluvial aquifers with focus on the specific heat capacity. This experiment consists in simultaneously injecting hot water and a chemical tracer into the aquifer and monitoring the evolution of groundwater temperature and concentration in the recovery well (and possibly in other piezometers located down gradient). Temperature and concentrations are then used for estimating the specific heat capacity. The first method for estimating this parameter is based on a modeling in series of the chemical tracer and temperature breakthrough curves at the recovery well. The second method is based on an energy balance. The values of specific heat capacity estimated for both methods (2.30 and 2.54 MJ/m3/K) for the experimental site in the alluvial aquifer of the Meuse River (Belgium) are almost identical and consistent with values found in the literature. Temperature breakthrough curves in other piezometers are not required for estimating the specific heat capacity. However, they highlight that heat transfer in the alluvial aquifer of the Meuse River is complex and contrasted with different dominant process depending on the depth leading to significant vertical heat exchange between upper and lower part of the aquifer. Furthermore, these temperature breakthrough curves could be included in the calibration of a complex heat transfer model for estimating the entire set of heat transfer parameters and their spatial distribution by inverse modeling.
Disciplines :
Geological, petroleum & mining engineering
Author, co-author :
Wildemeersch, Samuel ; Université de Liège - ULiège > Département ArGEnCo > Hydrogéologie & Géologie de l'environnement
Jamin, Pierre ; Université de Liège - ULiège > Département ArGEnCo > Hydrogéologie & Géologie de l'environnement
Orban, Philippe ; Université de Liège - ULiège > Département ArGEnCo > Hydrogéologie & Géologie de l'environnement
Hermans, Thomas ; Université de Liège - ULiège > Département ArGEnCo > Géophysique appliquée
Klepikova, Maria ; Université de Liège - ULiège > Département ArGEnCo > Hydrogéologie & Géologie de l'environnement
Nguyen, Frédéric ; Université de Liège - ULiège > Département ArGEnCo > Géophysique appliquée
Brouyère, Serge ; Université de Liège - ULiège > Département ArGEnCo > Hydrogéologie & Géologie de l'environnement
Dassargues, Alain ; Université de Liège - ULiège > Département ArGEnCo > Hydrogéologie & Géologie de l'environnement
Language :
English
Title :
Coupling heat and chemical tracer experiments for estimating heat transfer parameters in shallow alluvial aquifers
Alternative titles :
[fr] Essai de traçage couplé chaleur-soluté pour l'estimation des paramètres de transfert de chaleur en aquifère alluvial peu profond
Publication date :
2014
Journal title :
Journal of Contaminant Hydrology
ISSN :
0169-7722
Publisher :
Elsevier Science, Amsterdam, Netherlands
Special issue title :
GQ13: Managing Groundwater Quality to Support Competing Human and Ecological Needs
Volume :
169
Pages :
90-99
Peer reviewed :
Peer Reviewed verified by ORBi
Funders :
University of Liège Research Council Project no. C-11/33
M.P. Anderson Heat as a ground water tracer Ground Water 43 6 2005 951 968
J. Bear Dynamics of Fluids in Porous Media 1972 American Elsevier Publishing Company Inc. New York
D. Bertermann, C. Bialas, and J. Rohn ThermoMap - area mapping of superficial geothermic resources by soil and groundwater data Available at http://www.thermomap-project.eu/wp-content/uploads/2012/04/Poster-ThermoMap-English-2012.pdf 2013
H. Brielmann, C. Griebler, S.I. Schmidt, R. Michel, and T. Lueders Effects of thermal energy discharge on shallow groundwater ecosystems FEMS Microbiol. Ecol. 68 2009 273 286
S. Brouyère Etude et modélisation du transport et du piégeage de solutes en milieu variablement saturé (PhD thesis) 2001 University of Liege Belgium (in French)
S. Brouyère Modeling tracer injection and well-aquifer interactions: a new mathematical and numerical approach Water Resour. Res. 39 3 2003
S. Brouyère, J. Batlle-Aguilar, P. Goderniaux, and A. Dassargues A new tracer technique for monitoring groundwater fluxes: the finite volume point dilution method J. Contam. Hydrol. 95 2008 121 140
G. de Marsily Quantitative Hydrogeology 1986 Academic Press San Diego
M. de Paly, J. Hecht-Méndez, M. Beck, P. Blum, A. Zell, and P. Bayer Optimization of energy extraction for closed shallow geothermal systems using linear programming Geothermics 43 2012 57 65
U. Dehner Bestimmung der thermischen Eigenschaften von Böden als Grundlage für die Erdwärmenutzung Mainzer geowissenschaftliche Mitteilungen 35 2007 159 186 (Mainz, (in German))
P.A. Domenico, and F.W. Schwartz Physical and Chemical Hydrogeology 1998 John Wiley & Sons Inc. New York
V.L. Freedman, S.R. Waichler, R.D. Mackley, and J.A. Horner Assessing the thermal environmental impacts of an groundwater heat pump in southeastern Washington State Geothermics 42 2012 65 77
S. Gehlin Thermal Response Test. Method Development and Evaluation (PhD thesis) 2002 Luleå University of Technology Sweden
B.M.S. Giambastiani, N. Colombanii, and M. Mastrocicco Limitation of using heat as a groundwater tracer to define aquifer properties: experiment in a large tank model Environ. Earth Sci. 70 2013 719 728
A. Gutierrez, T. Klinka, and D. Thiéry Manuel d'utilisation de TRAC: Aide à l'interprétation de raçages en milieux poreux Final report BRGM/RP-60660-FR 2012 (116 pp., Retrieved from http://trac.brgm.fr/spip.php?article24 (In French))
A. Gutierrez, T. Klinka, and D. Thiéry Validation du logiciel TRAC: Aide à l'interprétation de traçages en milieu poreux Rapport BRGM/RP-59425-FR 2012 (58 pp., 43 fig., 1 ann. (in French))
S. Haehlein, P. Bayer, and P. Blum International legal status of the use of shallow geothermal energy Renew. Sust. Energ. Rev. 14 9 2010 2611 2625
J. Hecht-Méndez, N. Molina-Giraldo, P. Blum, and P. Bayer Evaluating MT3DMS for heat transport simulation of closed geothermal systems Ground Water 48 5 2010 741 756
T. Hermans, A. Vandenbohede, L. Lebbe, and F. Nguyen A shallow geothermal experiment monitored with electric resistivity tomography Geophysics 77 1 2012 B11 B21
T. Hermans, S. Wildemeerch, P. Jamin, P. Orban, S. Brouyère, A. Dassargues, and F. Nguyen Quantitative temperature monitoring of a heat tracing experiment using cross-borehole ERT Geothermics 53 2015 14 26 10.1016/j.geothermics.2014.03.013
J.W. Hopmans, J. Simunek, and K.L. Bristow Indirect estimation of soil thermal properties and water flux using heat pulse probe measurements: geometry and dispersion effects Water Resour. Res. 38 1 2002 7-1 7-14
S.E. Ingebritsen, and W.E. Sanford Groundwater in Geologic Processes 1998 Cambridge University Press Cambridge, UK
IRM Institut Royal Meteorologique de Belgique Rapport annuel 2012 Available at http://www.meteo.be/meteo/view/fr/103541-Publications.html 2013
A. Jesuβek, S. Grandel, and A. Dahmke Impacts of subsurface heat storage on aquifer hydrogeochemistry Environ. Earth Sci. 69 6 2013 1999 2012
M.S. Kersten Thermal properties of soils Bulletin 28 1949 Engineering Experiment Station, University of Minnesota Minneapolis
S. Lo Russo, and M.V. Civita Open-loop groundwater heat pumps development for large buildings: a case study Geothermics 38 2009 335 345
S. Lo Russo, G. Taddia, and V. Verda Development of the thermally affected zone (TAZ) around a groundwater heat pump (GWHP) system: a sensitivity analysis Geothermics 43 2012 66 74
J.W. Lund, D.H. Freeston, and T.L. Boyd Direct utilization of geothermal energy 2010 worldwide review Geothermics 40 3 2011 159 180
J.W. Molson, E.O. Frind, and C.D. Palmer Thermal energy storage in an unconfined aquifer 2. Model development, validation and application Water Resour. Res. 28 1992 2857 2867
C.D. Palmer, D.W. Blowes, E.O. Frind, and J.W. Molson Thermal energy storage in an unconfined aquifer 1. Field injection experiment Water Resour. Res. 28 1992 2845 2866
B. Sanner, G. Hellström, J. Spitler, and S. Gehlin Thermal response test - current status and world-wide application Proc World Geothermal Congress 2005, Antalya, Turkey 2005 (24th-29th April)
B. Sanner, G. Hellström, J. Spitler, and S. Gehlin More than 15 years of mobile thermal response test - a summary of experiences and prospects Proc European Geothermal Congress, Pisa, Italy 2013 (3rd-7th June)
A. Vandenbohede, A. Louwyck, and L. Lebbe Conservative solute versus heat transport in porous media during push-pull tests Transp. Porous Media 76 2009 265 287
A. Vandenbohede, T. Hermans, F. Nguyen, and L. Lebbe Shallow heat injection and storage experiment: heat transport simulation and sensitivity analysis J. Hydrol. 409 2011 262 272
V. Wagner, T. Li, P. Bayer, C. Leven, P. Dietrich, and P. Blum Thermal tracer testing in a sedimentary aquifer: field experiment (Lauswiesen, Germany) and numerical simulation Hydrogeol. J. 22 1 2013 175 187
D.L. Warner, and U. Algan Thermal impact of residential ground-water heat pumps Ground Water 22 1984 6 12