Chemical Composition and Antimicrobial Activity of Essential Oil of Thyme (Thymus vulgaris) from Eastern Morocco

Imelouane, B.; Amhamdi, H.; Wathelet, Jean-Paul; Ankit, M.; Kheded, K.; Elbachiri, A.

Request a copy

Article (Scientific journals)

Chemical Composition and Antimicrobial Activity of Essential Oil of Thyme (Thymus vulgaris) from Eastern Morocco

Imelouane, B.; Amhamdi, H.; Wathelet, Jean-Paul et al.

2009 • In International Journal of Agriculture and Biology

Peer reviewed

Permalink
https://hdl.handle.net/2268/16021

Files (1)Send to Details Statistics Bibliography Similar publications

Files

Full Text

58 article thymus.pdf

Publisher postprint (198.93 kB)

Request a copy

All documents in ORBi are protected by a user license.

Send to

RIS BibTex APA Chicago Permalink X Linkedin

Details

Keywords :

Essential oil composition; GC/FID; GC/MS; antibacterial activities

Abstract :

[en] The essential oil from flowering Thyme (Thymis vulgaris L.) an aromatic member of the Lamiaceae family, from Morocco, obtained by hydrodistillation, was analysed by GC/FID and GC/MS. The constituents were identified by their mass spectra and Kovats’ indices. Forty three compounds consisting 97.85% of the total components were identified from the oil obtained with 1% yield. Among those, camphor (38.54%), camphene (17.19%), α-pinene (9.35%), 1, 8-cineole (5.44%), borneol (4.91%) and β-pinene (3.90%) were the major oil components. Essential oil of Thyme was evaluated for its antibacterial activities against six Gram-positive and Gram negative pathogenic bacteria: Staphylococcus aureus, S. epidermidis, Streptococcus sp., Pantoa sp. and Escherichia coli.

Disciplines :

Phytobiology (plant sciences, forestry, mycology...)

Author, co-author :

Imelouane, B.; Université de Liège - ULiège > Gembloux Agro-Bio Tech > Gembloux Agro-Bio Tech

Amhamdi, H.

Wathelet, Jean-Paul

Ankit, M.

Kheded, K.

Elbachiri, A.

Language :

English

Title :

Chemical Composition and Antimicrobial Activity of Essential Oil of Thyme (Thymus vulgaris) from Eastern Morocco

Publication date :

2009

Journal title :

International Journal of Agriculture and Biology

ISSN :

1560-8530

eISSN :

1814-9596

Publisher :

Friends Science Publishers, Pakistan

Peer reviewed :

Peer reviewed

Available on ORBi :

since 02 July 2009

Statistics

Number of views

542 (5 by ULiège)

Number of downloads

3 (0 by ULiège)

More statistics

Scopus citations^®

212

Scopus citations^®
without self-citations

212

Bibliography

Adams, R.P., 1995. Identification of Essential Oil Components by GC-MS. Allured Publication Corp., Carlo Stream, Il
Bezić, N., M. Skobibunić, V. Dunkić and A. Radonć, 2003. Composition and antimicrobial activity of Achillea clavennae L. essential oil. Phytotherapy Res., 17: 1037-1040
Branauskiene, R., P.R. venskutonis, P. Viskelis and E. Darbrauskiene, 2003. Influence of nitrogen filtilizers on the yield and composition of thyme (Thymus vulgaris). J. Agric. Food Chem., 51: 7751-7758
Carson, C.F. and T.V. Riley, 1995. Antimicrobial activity of the major components of the essential oil of Melaleucaalternifolia. J. Appl. Bacteriol., 78: 264-269
Consentino, S., C.I.G. Tuberoso, B. Pisano, M. Satta, E. Arzedi and F. Palmas, 1999. In vitro antimicrobial activity and chemical composition of sardinian Thymus essential oils. Lett. Appl. Microbiol., 29: 130-135
Cowan, M.M., 1999. Plant products as antimicrobial agents. Clin. Microbiol. Rev., 12: 564-582
Cruz, T., M.P. Cabo, M.M. Cabo, J. Jiménez, J. Cabo and C. Ruiz, 1989. In vitro antibacterial effect of the essential oil of Thymus longiflorus Boiss. Microbios, 60: 59-61
Davidson, P.M. and A.S. Naidu, 2000. Phyto-phenol. In: Naidu, A.S. (ed.), Natural Food Antimicrobial Systems, pp: 265-294. CRC Press, Boca Raton, Florida
Deans, S.G. and G. Ritchie, 1987. Antibacterial properties of plant essential oils. Int. J. Food Microbiol., 5: 165-180
Deans, S.G., R.C. Noble, R. Hiltunen, W. Wuryani and L.G. Penzes, 1995. Antimicrobial and antioxidant properties of Syzygium aromaticu (L.) Merr Perry: impact upon bacteria, fungi and fatty acid levels in ageing mice. Flavour Fragrance J., 10: 323-328
Dorman, H.J.D. and S.G. Deans, 2000. Antimicrobial agents from plants: antibacterial activity of plant volatile oils. J. Appl. Microbiol., 88: 308-316
European Pharmacopoeia, 1996. Saint Ruffine:Conseil de l'Europe Maisonneuve S.A. NCCLS. (1999). National Committee for Clinical Laboratory Standards, Performance Standards for Antimicrobial Susceptibility Testing, 6th edition. Approved Standards, M2-A6, Wayne, Pennsylvania
Finnemore, H., 1926. The Essential Oils. Ernest Benn Limited, London
Gouyon, P.H., Ph. Vernet, J.L. Guillerm and G. Valdeyron, 1986. Polymorphisms and environment: the adaptative value of the oil polymorphisms in 1Thymus vulgaris L. Heredity, 57: 59-66
Guillen, M.D. and M.J Manzanos, 1998. Study of the composition of the different parts of Spanish Thymus vulgaris L. plants. Food Chem., 63: 373-383
Hudaib, M., E. Speroni, A.M. Di Pietra and V. Cavrini, 2002. GC/MS evaluation of thyme (Thymus vulgaris L.) oil composition and variations during the vegetative cycle. J. Pharm. Biom. Annl., 29: 691-700
Jalsenjak, V., S. Peljnajk and D. Kustrak, 1987. Microcapsules of sageoil, essential oils content and antimicrobial activity. Pharmazie, 42: 419-420
Jordán, M.J., R.M. Martínez, M.A. Cases and J.A. Sotomayor, 2003. Watering level effect on Thymus hyemalis Lange essential oil yield and composition. J. Agric. Food Chem., 51: 5420-5427
Jordán, M.J., R.M. Martínez, K.L. Goodner, E.A. Baldwin and J.A. Sotomayor, 2006. Seasonal variation of Thymus hyemalis Lange and Spanish Thymus vulgaris L. essential oils composition. Industrial Crops Prod., 24: 253-263
E. Nychas, 2001. A study of the minimum inhibitory concentratio
Karaman, S., M. Digrak, V. Ravid and A. Iclim, 2001. Antibacterial and antifungal activity of the essential oils of Thymus revolutus Celak from Turkey. J. Ethnopharmacol., 76: 183-186
Lambert, R.J.W., P.N. Skandamis, P. Coote and G.J n and mode of action of oregano essential oil, thymol and carvacrol. J. Appl. Microbiol., 91: 453-462
Lis-Balchin, M. and S.G. Deans, 1997. Bioactivity of selected plant essentialoils against Listeria monocytogenes. J. Appl. Bacteriol., 82: 759-762
Marotti, M., V. Dellacecca, R. Piccaglia and E. Giovanelli, 1992. Agronomic and chemical evaluation of three varieties of Foeniculum vulgare Mill. Presented at First World Congress on Medicinal and Aromatic Plants for Human Welfare, pp: 19-25. Maastricht, The Netherlands
NCCLS, National Committee for Clinical Laboratory Standards, 1999. Performance Standards for Antimicrobial Susceptibility Testing, 6th edition. Approved Standards. M2-A6, Wayne, PA
Özcan, M. and J.C. Chalchat, 2004. Aroma profile of thymus vulgaris L. Growing wild in turkey. Bulg. J. Plant Physiol., 30: 68-73
Piccaglia, R., M. Marotti, E. Giovanelli, S.G. Deans and E. Eaglesham, 1993. Antibacterial and antioxidant properties of Mediterranean aromatic plants. Industrial Crops Prod., 2: 7-50
Prabuseenivasan, S., M. Jayakumar and S. Ignacimuthu, 2006. In vitro antibacterial activity of some plant essential oils. BMC Complementary Altern. Med., 6: 39
Rasooli, I. and S.A. Mirmostafa, 2003. Bacterial susceptibility to and chemical composition of essential oils from Thymus kotschyanus and Thymus persicus. J. Agric. Food Chem., 51: 2200-2205
Rota, M.C., J.J. Carramiñana, J. Burillo and A. Herrera, 2004. In vitro antimicrobial activity of essential oils from aromatic plants against selected foodborne pathogens. J. Food Protect., 67: 1252-1256
Rota, M.C., A. Herrera, R.M. Martinez, J.A. Sotomayor and M.J. Jordan, 2007. Antimicrobial activity and chemical composition of Thymus vulgaris, Thymus zygis and Thymus hyemalis essential oils. Food Cont., 19: 681-687
Sivropoulou, A., C. Nikolaou, E. Papanikolaou, S. Kokkini, T. Lanaras and M. Arsenakis, 1997. Antimicrobial, cytotoxic and antiviral activities of Salvia fruticosa essential oil. J. Agric. Food Chem., 45: 3197-3201
Skocibusic, M., N. Bezic and V. Dunkic, 2006. Phytochemical composition and antimicrobial activities of essential oils from Satureja subspicata Vis. Growing in Croatia. Food Chem., 96: 20-28
Sotomayor, J.A., R.M. Martínez, A.J. García and M.J., 2004. Jordán, Thymus zygis subsp. Gracilis: watering level effect on phytomass production and essential oil quality. J. Agric. Food Chem., 52: 5418- 5424
Smith-Palmer, A., J. Stewart and L. Fyfe, 1998. Antimicrobial properties of plant essential oils and essences against Wve important food-borne pathogens. Lett. Appl. Microbiol., 26: 118-122
Stahl-Biskup, E. and F. Saez, 2002. Thyme. Taylor and Francis, London
Sur, S.V., F.M. Tuljupa and L.I. Sur, 1991. Gas chromatographic determination of monoterpenes in essential oil medicinal plants. J. Chromatograph., 542: 451-458
Tabanca, N., N. Kirimer, B. Demirci, F. Demirci and K.H.C. Baser, 2001. Composition and antimicrobial activity of the essential oils of Micromeria cristata subsp. phyrgia and the enantiomeric distribution of borneol. J. Agric. Food Chem., 49: 4300-4303
Vardar, U.G., F. Candan, A. Sokmen, D. Daferera, M. Polissiou, M. Sokmen, E. Donmez and B. Tepe, 2003. Antibacterial and antioxidant activity of the essential oil and methanol extracts of Thymus pectinatus Fisch. et Mey var. pectinatus (Lamiaceae). J. Agric. Food Chem., 51: 63-67