blood pressure; cadmium; cardiovascular diseases; coronary disease; hypertension; lead
Abstract :
[en] In a population study conducted from 1985 to 1989 in Belgium, the authors investigated whether exposure to cadmium is associated with blood pressure elevation and with an increased prevalence of cardiovascular diseases. The participants, aged 20-88 years, constituted a random sample of the households living in two low exposure areas (n = 803) and two high exposure areas (n = 1,283). For each exposure level, a rural and an urban district were selected. The cadmium levels in blood (8.5 vs. 11.0 nmol/liter) and urine (7.2 vs. 8.7 nmol/24 hours) were significantly (p less than 0.001) raised in the two high exposure areas compared with the two low exposure areas (p less than 0.001). Systolic pressure was similar in both rural areas, but in the urban area with high exposure systolic pressure was 5 mmHg (p less than 0.001) higher than in the control town. Diastolic pressure was similar in the four districts and the same was true for the prevalence of hypertension and of other cardiovascular diseases. Adjustment of systolic pressure for blood and urinary cadmium did not remove the difference in systolic pressure between both urban areas, suggesting that it was not related to the cadmium burden on the environment. Further analyses in individual subjects showed that neither blood pressure nor the presence of cardiovascular diseases were significantly and positively correlated with blood and urinary cadmium. Thus, the present population study did not confirm the hypothesis that increased exposure of the population to cadmium is associated with blood pressure elevation and with a higher prevalence of cardiovascular diseases.
Disciplines :
Public health, health care sciences & services Urology & nephrology
Author, co-author :
Staessen, J.; Katholieke Universiteit Leuven - KUL > Physiopathology > Hypertension and cardiovascular rehabilitation unit
Amery, A.; Katholieke Universiteit Leuven - KUL > Physiopathology > Hypertension and cardiovascular rehabilitation unit
Bernard, A.; Université Catholique de Louvain - UCL > Industrial Toxicology and Occupational Medicine Unit
Bruaux, P.; Ministry of Health and Social Affairs, Brusses, Belgium > Institute of Hygiene and Epidemiology
Buchet, J. P.; Université Catholique de Louvain - UCL > Industrial Toxicology and Occupational Mediine Unit
Bulpitt, C. J.; Royal Postgraduate Medical School - Hammersmith Hospital, London, UK > Medicine > Geriatric medicie
Claeys, F.; Ministry of Health and Social Affairs, Brusses, Belgium > Institute of Healt and Epidemiology
De Plaen, P.; Ministry of Health and Social Affairs, Brusses, Belgium > Institute of Health and Epidemiology
Ducoffre, G.; Ministry of Health and Social Affairs, Brusses, Belgium > Institute of Health and Epidemiology
Fagard, R.; Katholieke Universiteit Leuven - KUL > Physiopathology > Hypertension and Cardiovascular Rehabilitation Unit
Lauwerys, R. R.; Université Catholique de Louvain - UCL > Industrial Toxicology and Occupational Mediine Unit
Lijnen, P.; Katholieke Universiteit Leuven - KUL > Physiopathology > Hypertension and Cardiovascular Rehabilitation Unit
Nick, L.; Ministry of Health and Social Affairs, Brusses, Belgium > Institute of Health and Epidemiology
Saint-Remy, Annie ; Université de Liège - ULiège > Département des sciences cliniques > Néphrologie
Roels, H.; Université Catholique de Louvain - UCL > Industrial Toxicology and Occupational Medicine Unit
Rondia, D.; Université de Liège - ULiège > Environmental Toxicology Unit
Sartor, F.; Université de Liège - ULiège > Environmental Toxicology Unit
Thijs, L.; Katholieke Universiteit Leuven - KUL > Physiopathology > Hypertension and Cardiovascular Rehabilitation Unit
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