Endothelin-1; Horses; Recurrent airway obstruction; Bronchoalveolar lavage; Pulmonary function tests
Abstract :
[en] Recurrent airway obstruction (RAO) is an asthma-like condition of the horse that represents a major cause of morbidity and loss of performance. The exact pathogenesis of asthma in man is unclear but the role of endothelin (ET) is currently under investigation, thus sparking interest in the bronchoconstrictive and vasoconstrictive properties of endothelin in the equine-specific disease entity. In this study, we investigated the levels of ET-1 in systemic blood, as well as in bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) from horses with RAO. We also studied how these values might correlate with those of lung function tests and pulmonary artery pressure. Five horses with RAO were evaluated both in remission and in crisis and compared to five control horses. RAO horses had significantly (P<0.05) higher systemic ET-1 levels than control horses. They also had a negative arteriovenous ET-1 difference that may correspond to a net uptake of ET-1 in the lung. RAO horses in crisis had increased amounts of immunoreactive ET in BAL fluid compared to normal control subjects. Additionally, the reduction in lung function seen in RAO horses in crisis was significantly correlated with lower epithelial lining fluid ET-1 levels. Our results demonstrate that endothelin may contribute to the pathogenesis of asthma.
Disciplines :
Veterinary medicine & animal health
Author, co-author :
Benamou, A. E.; Centre for Equine Studies, Animal Health Trust, Lanwades Park, Kentford, CB8 7UU, Newmarket, UK
Art, Tatiana ; Université de Liège - ULiège > Faculty of Veterinary Medicine > Laboratory for Functional Investigation
Marlin, D. J.; Centre for Equine Studies, Animal Health Trust, Lanwades Park, Kentford, CB8 7UU, Newmarket, UK
Roberts, C. A.; Centre for Equine Studies, Animal Health Trust, Lanwades Park, Kentford, CB8 7UU, Newmarket, UK
Lekeux, Pierre ; Université de Liège - ULiège > Laboratory for Functional Investigation, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine
Language :
English
Title :
Variations in systemic and pulmonary endothelin-1 in horses with recurrent airway obstruction (heaves)
Robinson, N.E., Derksen, F.J., Olszewski, M.A., Buechner-Maxwell, V.A., The pathogenesis of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease of horses (1996) Br Vet J, 152, pp. 283-306
Anggard, E., Galton, S., Thomas, G., Thomas, R., McLoughlin, L., De Nucci, G., Vane, J.R., The fate of radioiodinated endothelin-1 and endothelin-3 in the rat (1989) J Cardiovasc Pharmacol, 13 (SUPPL. 5), pp. S46-S49
Stewart, D.J., Levy, R.D., Cernacek, P., Langleben, D., Increased plasma endothelin in pulmonary hypertension: Mediator or marker? (1991) Ann. Int Med, 114, pp. 464-469
Barnes, P.J., Endothelins and pulmonary diseases (1994) J Appl Physiol, 77, pp. 1051-1059
McGorum, B.C., Dixon, P.M., Haliwell, R.E.W., Irving, P., Evaluation of urea and albumin as endogenous markers of dilution of equine bronchoalveoalr fluid (1993) Res Vet Sci, 55, pp. 52-56
Mattoli, S., Soloperto, M., Marini, M., Fasoli, A., Levels of endothelin in the bronchoalveolar lavage fluid of patients with symptomatic asthma and reversible airflow obstruction (1991) J Allergy Clin Immunol, 88, pp. 376-384
Benamou, A.E., Callingham, B.A., Hiley, R.C., Lekeux, P., Effect of exogenous endothelin-1 on equine vascular and bronchial tone (1997) Proceedings of the 15th Veterinary Respiratory Symposium, p. 1. , Ed. Desmecht D. 24-25 October 1997, Liege, Belgium. University of Liege: Faculty of Veterinary Medicine Press
Aoki, T., Kojima, T., Ono, A., Unishi, G., Yoshijima, S., Kameda-Hayashi, N., Yamamoto, C., Kobayashi, Y., Circulating endothelin-1 levels in patients with bronchial asthma (1994) Ann Allergy, 73, pp. 365-369
Nomura, A., Uchida, Y., Kayeyama, M., Saotome, M., Oki, K., Hasegawa, S., Endothelin and bronchial asthma (1989) Lancet, 2, pp. 147-148
Redington, A.E., Springall, D.R., Ghatei, M.A., Lau, L.C.K., Bloom, S.R., Holgate, S.T., Polak, J.M., Howarth, P.H., Endothelin in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid and its relation to airflow obstruction in asthma (1995) Am J Respir Crit Care Med, 151, pp. 1034-1039
Kraft, M., Beam, W.R., Wenzel, S.A., Zamora, M.R., O'Brien, R.F., Martin, R.J., Blood and bronchoalveolar lavage endothelin-1 levels in nocturnal asthma (1994) Am J Respir Crit Care Med, 149, pp. 947-952