[en] We investigated the influence of the sleep/waking cycle, the effects of paradoxical sleep deprivation (PSD) and of the vigilance-promoting drug modafinil on the amino acid contents of rat brain cortex. No significant nycthemeral variations in amino acid levels could be detected. PSD (12-24 hours), using the water tank method, significantly increased the levels of glutamate and glutamine. The increase was still observed after the sleep rebound period. gamma-Aminobutyric acid (GABA) levels did not change significantly during the instrumental sleep deprivation but increased during the rebound period. Control experiments indicate that the increase in glutamate and glutamine levels is due to PSD rather than to the stress associated with the experimental procedure. The increase in glutamate content cannot arise only from transamination reactions, because the levels of other amino acids (such as aspartate) did not decrease. Modafinil treatment did not significantly modify the brain cortex content of any of the amino acids tested.
Disciplines :
Biochemistry, biophysics & molecular biology
Author, co-author :
Bettendorff, Lucien ; Université de Liège - ULiège > Département des sciences biomédicales et précliniques > Biochimie et physiologie humaine et pathologique
Sallanon-Moulin, M.
Touret, Monique
Wins, Pierre
Margineanu, Ilca
Schoffeniels, Ernest
Language :
English
Title :
Paradoxical Sleep Deprivation Increases the Content of Glutamate and Glutamine in Rat Cerebral Cortex
Publication date :
1996
Journal title :
Sleep
ISSN :
0161-8105
eISSN :
1550-9109
Publisher :
The American Academy of Sleep Medicine, United States - Illinois
scite shows how a scientific paper has been cited by providing the context of the citation, a classification describing whether it supports, mentions, or contrasts the cited claim, and a label indicating in which section the citation was made.
Bibliography
Pieron H. Le problème physiologique du sommeil. Paris: Masson, 1913.
McCormick D. Neurotransmitter actions in the thalamus and cerebral cortex and their role in neuromodulation of thalamocortical activity. Prog Neurobiol 1990;39:337-88.
Godin Y, Mandel P Distribution des acides aminés libres dans le système nerveux central du rat au cours du sommeil et de l'état de veille prolongée. J Neurochem 1965;12:455-60.
Mark J, Godin Y, Mandel P. Biosynthesis of aspartic, glutamic, γ-aminobutyric acids and glutamine in brain of rats deprived of total sleep or of paradoxical sleep. J Neurochem 1969;16:1263-72.
Davis JM, Himwich WA, Stout M. Cerebral amino acids during deprivation of paradoxical sleep. Biol Psychiatry 1969;1:387-90.
Karadzic V, Micic D, Rakic L. Alteration of free amino acid concentration in cat brain induced by rapid eye movement sleep deprivation. Experientia 1971;27:509-11.
Haulica I, Ababei L, Teodorescu C, et al. The influence of deprivation of paradoxical sleep on cerebral ammonia metabolism. J Neurochem 1970;17:823-6.
Himwich WA, Davis JM, Stout M. Cerebral amino acids of rats deprived of paradoxical sleep. Biol Psychiatry 1973;6:37-44.
Sallanon-Moulin M, Touret M, et al. Glutamine synthetase modulation in the brain of rat submitted to paradoxical sleep deprivation. Mol Brain Res 1994;22:113-20.
Touret M, Sallanon-Moulin M, Fages C, et al. Effects of modafinil-induced wakefulness on glutamine synthetase regulation in the rat brain. Mol Brain Res 1994;26:123-8.
Duteil J, Rambert F, Pessonnier J, Hermant JF, Gombert R, Assous E. Central alpha-1 adrenergic stimulation in relation to behavior-stimulating effect of modafinil; studies with experimental animals. Eur J Pharmacol 1990;180:49-58.
Lin JS, Roussel B, Akaoka H, Fort P, Debilly G, Jouvet M. Role of catecholamines in the modafinil and amphetamine induced wakefulness, a comparative pharmacological study in the cat. Brain Res 1992;591:319-26.
Vogel WG. A review of REM sleep deprivation. Arch Gen Psychiatry 1975;32:749-61.
Pujol JF, Mouret J, Jouvet M, Glowinsky J. Increased turnover of cerebral norepinephrine during rebound of paradoxical sleep in the rat. Science 1968;159:112-4.
Touret M, Sallanon-Moulin M, Jouvet M. Comparative awakening properties of modafinil and amphetamine in the rat. Neurosci Lett. 1995;189:43-46.
Tapuhi Y, Schmidt DE, Lindner W, Karger BL. Dansylation of amino acids for high-performance liquid chromatography analysis. Anal Biochem 1981;115:123-9.
Tapuhi Y, Miller N, Karger BL. Practical considerations in the chiral separation of Dns amino acids by reversed-phase liquid chromatography using metal chelate additives. J Chromatogr 1981;205:325-37.
Schultz V, Lowenstein JM. Purine nucleotide cycle: evidence for the occurrence of the cycle in brain. J Biol Chem 1976;251: 485-92.
Fischer HF. L-Glutamate dehydrogenase from bovine liver. Methods Enzymol 1985;113:16-27.
Ereciñska M, Nelson D. Activation of glutamate dehydrogenase by leucine and its nonmetabolizable analogue in rat brain synaptosomes. J Neurochem 1990;54:1335-43.
Bergmeyer HU, ed. Methods of enzymatic analysis, vol. 2. 2nd edition. New York: Academic Press, 1974.
Miller JM, Jope RS, Ferraro TN, Hare TA. Brain amino acid concentrations in rats killed by decapitation and microwave irradiation J Neurosci Methods 1990;31:187-92.
Kennett GA, Curzon G, Hunt A, Patel AJ. Immobilization decreases amino acid concentrations in plasma but maintains or increases them in brain. J Neurochem 1986;46:208-12.
Andrews N, Barnes NM, Steward LJ, et al. A comparison of rat amino acid and monoamine content in diazepam withdrawal and after exposure to a phobic stimulus. Br J Pharmacol 1993;109: 171-4.
Pardridge WM. Brain metabolism: a perspective from the blood-brain barrier. Physiol Rev 1983;63:1481-1535.
Smith QR, Momma S, Aoyagi M, Rapoport SI. Kinetics of neutral amino acid transport across the blood-brain barrier. J Neurochem 1987;49:1651-8.
Ehrlich M, Plum F, Duffy TE. Blood and brain ammonia concentrations after portacaval anastomosis: effects of acute ammonia loading. J Neurochem 1980;34:1538-42.
Cooper AJL, Mora SN, Cruz NF, Gelbard AS. Cerebral ammonia metabolism in hyperammonemic rats. J Neurochem 1985;44:1716-23.
Lai JCK, Cooper AJL. Brain α-ketoglutarate dehydrogenase complex: kinetic properties, regional distribution, and effect of inhibitors. J Neurochem 1986;47:137-86.
Cooper AJL, Plum F. Biochemistry and physiology of brain ammonia. Physiol Rev 1987;67:440-523.
Pow DV, Robinson SR. Glutamate in some retinal neurons is derived solely from glia. Neuroscience 1994;60:355-66.
Gebhard R. Histochemical demonstrations of glutamate dehydrogenase and phosphate-activated glutaminase activities in semithin sections of the rat retina. Histochemistry 1992;97:101-3.
Altschuler RA, Mossinger JL, Harmison GG, Parakkal MH, Wenthold RJ. Aspartate aminotransferase-like immunoreactivity as a marker for aspartate/glutamate in guinea pig photoreceptors. Nature 1982;298:657-9.
Hassel B, Paulson RE, Johnson A, Fonnum E Selective inhibition of glial cell metabolism in vivo by fluorocitrate. Brain Res 1992;576:120-4.
Hansson E, Rönnbäck L. Regulation of the glutamate and GABA transport by adrenoreceptors in primary astroglial cell culture. Life Sci 1989;44:27-34.
Hansson E, Rönnbäck L. Receptor regulation of the glutamate, GABA and taurine high affinity uptake into astrocytes in primary culture. Brain Res 1991;548:215-21.
Hyden H, Lange PW. Rhythmic enzyme changes in neurons and glia during sleep. Science 1960;149:654-6.
Karnovsky ML, Burrows BL, Zoccoli MA. Cerebral glucose-6-phosphatase and the movement of 2-deoxyglucose during slow wave sleep. In: Passoneau JV, Hawkins RA, Lust WD, Welsh FA, eds. Cerebral metabolism and neural function. Baltimore and London: Williams & Wilkins, 1980:59-366.
Mendelson W. Guthrie RD, Guynn R, Harris RL, Wyatt RJ. Rapid eye movement (REM) sleep deprivation, stress and intermediary metabolism. J Neurochem 1974;22:1157-9.
Schoffeniels E. Le système de la biochimie comparée. II - L'évolution et le sommeil: optimisation du métabolisme primaire. Arch Internat Physiol Biochem 1991;99:1-45.
Similar publications
Sorry the service is unavailable at the moment. Please try again later.
This website uses cookies to improve user experience. Read more
Save & Close
Accept all
Decline all
Show detailsHide details
Cookie declaration
About cookies
Strictly necessary
Performance
Strictly necessary cookies allow core website functionality such as user login and account management. The website cannot be used properly without strictly necessary cookies.
This cookie is used by Cookie-Script.com service to remember visitor cookie consent preferences. It is necessary for Cookie-Script.com cookie banner to work properly.
Performance cookies are used to see how visitors use the website, eg. analytics cookies. Those cookies cannot be used to directly identify a certain visitor.
Used to store the attribution information, the referrer initially used to visit the website
Cookies are small text files that are placed on your computer by websites that you visit. Websites use cookies to help users navigate efficiently and perform certain functions. Cookies that are required for the website to operate properly are allowed to be set without your permission. All other cookies need to be approved before they can be set in the browser.
You can change your consent to cookie usage at any time on our Privacy Policy page.