cosmology: observations; gravitational lensing: strong; methods: statistical; Cosmology observations; Einstein radius; Gravitational lens; Gravitational lensing: strong; James Webb space telescope; Methods:statistical; Property; Red shift; Redshift distribution; Web surveys; Astronomy and Astrophysics; Space and Planetary Science; astro-ph.GA; astro-ph.CO
Abstract :
[en] We compare forecasts for the abundance and properties of strong gravitational lenses in the COSMOS-Web survey, a 0.54 deg2 survey of the COSMOS field using the NIRCam and MIRI instruments aboard James Webb Space Telescope (JWST), with the first catalogue of strong lens candidates identified in the observed NIRCam data, COWLS. We modify the lenspop package to produce a forecast for strong lensing in COSMOS-Web. We add a new mock galaxy catalogue to use as the source population, as well as the COSMOS-Web survey specifications, including the transmission data for the four NIRCam filters used. We forecast 107 strong lenses can be detected in COSMOS-Web across all bands, assuming complete subtraction of the lens galaxy light. The majority of the lenses are forecast to have small Einstein radii (θE < 1$ arcsec) and lie at redshifts in the range 0 < z < 2, while the source redshift distribution peaks at z ~ 3 and has a long tail extending up to z ~ 11, unambiguously showing that strong lensing in JWST can probe the entirety of the epoch of reionization. We compare our forecast with the distributions of Einstein radii, lens photometric redshifts, and lens and source magnitudes in the observed lenses, finding that while the forecast and observed Einstein radii distributions match, the redshifts and magnitudes do not. The observed lens redshift distribution peaks at a slightly lower redshift than the forecast one, while the lens magnitudes are systematically brighter in the observed data than in the forecast.
Disciplines :
Space science, astronomy & astrophysics
Author, co-author :
Hogg, Natalie B. ; Laboratoire Univers et Particules de Montpellier, CNRS, Université de Montpellier, Montpellier, France
Nightingale, James W. ; School of Mathematics, Statistics and Physics, Newcastle University, Newcastle-upon-Tyne, United Kingdom
He, Quihan ; Department of Physics, Institute for Computational Cosmology, Durham University, Durham, United Kingdom
McCleary, Jacqueline; Department of Physics, Northeastern University, Boston, United States
Mahler, Guillaume ; Université de Liège - ULiège > Département d'astrophysique, géophysique et océanographie (AGO) > Multi-wavelength Extragalactic and Galactic Astrophysics (MEGA) ; Department of Physics, Institute for Computational Cosmology, Durham University, Durham, United Kingdom ; STAR Institute, Liège, Belgium ; Department of Physics, Centre for Extragalactic Astronomy, Durham University, Durham, United Kingdom
Amvrosiadis, Aristeidis; Department of Physics, Institute for Computational Cosmology, Durham University, Durham, United Kingdom
Gozaliasl, Ghassem; Department of Computer Science, Aalto University, Espoo, Finland ; Faculty of Science, Department of Physics, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
Berman, Edward; Department of Physics, Northeastern University, Boston, United States
Massey, Richard J. ; Department of Physics, Centre for Extragalactic Astronomy, Durham University, Durham, United Kingdom
Scognamiglio, Diana; Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, United States
Franco, Maximilien; Department of Astronomy, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, United States
Liu, Daizhong ; Purple Mountain Observatory, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing, China
Shuntov, Marko; Cosmic Dawn Centre, DTU Space, Kgs. Lyngby, Denmark ; Niels Bohr Institute, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
Paquereau, Louise; Institut d’Astrophysique de Paris, CNRS, Sorbonne Université, Paris, France
Ilbert, Olivier; Laboratoire d’astrophysique de Marseille, Aix Marseille University, CNRS, CNES, Marseille, France
Allen, Natalie; Cosmic Dawn Centre, DTU Space, Kgs. Lyngby, Denmark ; Niels Bohr Institute, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
Toft, Sune; Cosmic Dawn Centre, DTU Space, Kgs. Lyngby, Denmark ; Niels Bohr Institute, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
Akins, Hollis B.; Department of Astronomy, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, United States
Casey, Caitlin M.; Department of Astronomy, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, United States ; Cosmic Dawn Centre, DTU Space, Kgs. Lyngby, Denmark ; University of California Santa Barbara, Department of Phyiscs, Santa Barbara, United States
Kartaltepe, Jeyhan S.; Laboratory for Multiwavelength Astrophysics, School of Physics and Astronomy, Rochester Institute of Technology, Rochester, United States
Koekemoer, Anton M. ; Space Telescope Science Institute, Baltimore, United States
McCracken, Henry Joy; Institut d’Astrophysique de Paris, CNRS, Sorbonne Université, Paris, France
Rhodes, Jason D.; Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, United States
Robertson, Brant E.; Department of Astronomy and Astrophysics, University of California, Santa Cruz, United States
Drakos, Nicole E.; Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Hawaii, Hilo, United States
Faisst, Andreas L.; Caltech, IPAC, Pasadena, United States
Hatamnia, Hossein; Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of California, Riverside, United States
Newman, Sophie L. ; Institute of Cosmology and Gravitation, University of Portsmouth, Portsmouth, United Kingdom
STFC - Science and Technology Facilities Council ERC - European Research Council UKSA - UK Space Agency NASA - National Aeronautics and Space Administration
Funding text :
This research has made use of the SVO Filter Profile Service \u2018Carlos Rodrigo\u2019, funded by MCIN/AEI/10.13039/501100011033/ through grant PID2023-146210NB-I00. This work was made possible by utilizing the CANDIDE cluster at the Institut d\u2019Astrophysique de Paris. The cluster was funded through grants from the PNCG, CNES, DIM-ACAV, the Euclid Consortium, and the Danish National Research Foundation Cosmic Dawn Center (DNRF140). It is maintained by Stephane Rouberol. The French contingent of the COSMOS team is partly supported by the Centre National d\u2019\u00C9tudes Spatiales (CNES).We are grateful to Tom Collett for useful discussions about lenspop, Giovanni Ferrami for discussions about G. Ferrami & J. S. B. Wyithe (2024), and to Philip Holloway for providing us with the modified version of the JAGUAR catalogue created for P. Holloway et al. (2023) along with his catalogues of forecast lens properties. We thank the referee for their detailed comments that helped improve the paper.NBH is supported by a postdoctoral position funded by IN2P3. JWN is supported by an STFC/UKRI Ernest Rutherford Fellowship, Project Reference: ST/X003086/1. AA and QH acknowledge support from the European Research Council (ERC) through Advanced Investigator grant DMIDAS (GA 786910). GM and RM were supported in Durham by STFC via grant ST/X001075/1, and the UK Space Agency via grant ST/X001997/1. DS acknowledges the Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, under a contract with the National Aeronautics and Space Administration (80NM0018D0004). OI acknowledges the funding of the French Agence Nationale de la Recherche for the project iMAGE (grant ANR-22-CE31-0007).This research has made use of the SVO Filter Profile Service \u2018Carlos Rodrigo\u2019, funded by MCIN/AEI/10.13039/501100011033/ through grant PID2023-146210NB-I00. This work was made possible by utilizing the CANDIDE cluster at the Institut d\u2019Astrophysique de Paris. The cluster was funded through grants from the PNCG, CNES, DIM-ACAV, the Euclid Consortium, and the Danish National Research Foundation Cosmic Dawn Center (DNRF140). It is maintained by Stephane Rouberol. The French contingent of the COSMOS team is partly supported by the Centre National d\u2019\u00C9tudes Spatiales (CNES).This work is based on observations made with the NASA/ESA/CSA James Webb Space Telescope. The data were obtained from the Mikulski Archive for Space Telescopes at the Space Telescope Science Institute, which is operated by the Association of Universities for Research in Astronomy, Inc., under NASA contract NAS 5\u201303127 for JWST. These observations are associated with program 1727.NBH is supported by a postdoctoral position funded by IN2P3. JWN is supported by an STFC/UKRI Ernest Rutherford Fellowship, Project Reference: ST/X003086/1. AA and QH acknowledge support from the European Research Council (ERC) through Advanced Investigator grant DMIDAS (GA 786910). GM and RM were supported in Durham by STFC via grant ST/X001075/1, and the UK Space Agency via grant ST/X001997/1. DS acknowledges the Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, under a contract with the National Aeronautics and Space Administration (80NM0018D0004). OI acknowledges the funding of the French Agence Nationale de la Recherche for the project iMAGE (grant ANR-22-CE31-0007).
Commentary :
17 pages, 11 figures, v2 matches version published in MNRAS
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