[en] Heatwaves and urban overheating are intensifying in European cities as climate change interacts with the urban heat island effect. Public buildings are increasingly designated as climate refuges, yet their selection and retrofit remain weakly connected to future climate projections, urban exposure patterns, and building thermal adequacy. This PhD develops a multiscale, predictive and reproducible framework to identify and retrofit public schools as climate refuges in Spain, with a first application in the city Barcelona. The framework links national climate-aware zoning, urban-scale prioritization, and building-scale validation to support climate-resilient adaptation decisions.
