Protected by Law, Safeguarded by Funds – EU Regional Policy’s Contribution to Sustainable Management and Preservation of Cultural Heritage

The inclusionary protection of cultural heritage is deeply embedded in the EU’s agenda as a pivotal factor for strengthening European cultural diversity and reinforcing a sense of common identity. This paper seeks to address the EU’s dual approach to safeguarding its rich cultural heritage by means of an effective legal framework, on the one hand, and a refined funding landscape, on the other hand. Well-intertwined with international law, the EU legal structure in the domain of cultural heritage builds primarily on the Treaties, which oblige the EU to contribute to the flowering of the cultures of the Member States while bringing the common cultural heritage to the fore. Apart from scrutinising the primary normative building blocks, the paper also offers a profound analysis of other norms setting the direction for the EU’s actions in the conservation of the cultural heritage of European significance, such as the Council Resolution on the EU Work Plan for Culture 2023–2026. The general overview of the legal basis is dully supplemented by a critical enquiry into abundant case law of the European Court of Justice. A number of genuine deeds transforming norms into action would be impossible without adequate funding. Thus, the paper provides a comprehensive examination of the EU Regional Policy’s framework governing investments, which taps into the full potential of cultural heritage as an engine for economic growth, social inclusion, and sustainable development. Particular focus is put on funding opportunities provided by the European Fund for Regional Development and Cohesion Fund, aiming to secure the protection, development, and promotion of cultural heritage. The research confirms that targeted investments in cultural heritage spotlight its transversal contribution to European economies and societies and demonstrate how cultural heritage can be the effective driving force behind rural and urban sustainability of the EU.