Study, Modelling and Computing of Pressure Losses in GH2 Pipelines †

The Wallonia region of Belgium aims to transition to a modern hydrogen infrastructure. Given the relatively low density of hydrogen gas, it is important to understand its nature and behavior during transport through pipelines. This study aims to observe the pressure loss in pipelines due to surface roughness with H2 and other singular losses to find a solution to minimize the amount of pressure loss that occurs during transportation. This study involves numerical methods and gas equation models to determine the pressure loss. This analysis includes the properties of hydrogen gas, the pipeline material used, the friction factor, pipeline efficiency, and other relevant properties of hydrogen and pipelines. To address this challenge, the study integrates numerical fluid dynamics methods with structural modelling of pipeline walls. It accounts for long-term friction effects, erosion over several years, radial pressure gradients (mixing pressure drop), acceleration effects, and gravity influences, considering the non-ideal behavior of gaseous hydrogen (GH2). This study provides a systematic comparison between AGA-based analytical models and CFD simulations using a scaled pipeline approach, enabling reliable estimation of pressure losses in long-distance hydrogen pipelines. The proposed methodology integrates scaling, numerical validation, and CFD simulation to compute pressure losses in a hydrogen pipeline.