Arctic; melt pond; MOSAiC; nutrients; sea ice; Oceanography; Geophysics; Geochemistry and Petrology; Earth and Planetary Sciences (miscellaneous); Space and Planetary Science
Abstract :
[en] Melt pond is a common and important feature of the Arctic in the summer season. Melt ponds provide unique microbial habitats with high light availability, which can promote photosynthesis. Therefore, melt ponds play an important role for nutrient cycling at the ice-ocean interface. However, the changes in nutrient dynamics in and under the sea ice resulting from melt pond formation are poorly understood. To elucidate melt pond nutrient (NO3−, NO2−, NH4+, PO43−, and Si(OH)4) dynamics and their relationship with the melt pond bottom ice, which is sea ice right beneath the floor of a melt pond, in the Central Arctic Ocean during late summer, melt pond water and bottom sea-ice samples were collected during the MOSAiC Expedition (2019–2020). Comparison with the dilution line based on winter surface seawater, which is a source of sea ice, suggest that nutrients in the melt ponds are consumed by algae or other organisms, and then remineralized at the pond bottom. Nutrients then percolated downward through the porous bottom ice. Melt pond water was completely exchanged with surrounding seawater (lead or under-ice seawater) and snow derived water. If the surrounding seawater and snow are rich in nutrients, the exchange promotes photosynthesis within the melt pond water and can enhance nutrient accumulation within the pond bottom ice.
Research Center/Unit :
FOCUS - Freshwater and OCeanic science Unit of reSearch - ULiège
Disciplines :
Earth sciences & physical geography
Author, co-author :
Akino, Ryota ; Faculty/Graduate School of Fisheries Sciences, Hokkaido University, Hakodate, Japan
Nomura, Daiki ; Faculty/Graduate School of Fisheries Sciences, Hokkaido University, Hakodate, Japan ; Field Science Center for Northern Biosphere, Hokkaido University, Hakodate, Japan ; Arctic Research Center, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan
Webb, Alison ; School of Life Sciences, University of Warwick, Warwick, United Kingdom ; Now at Wolfson Atmospheric Chemistry Laboratories, University of York, York, United Kingdom
Li, Yuhong ; Third Institute of Oceanography, Ministry of Natural Resources, Xiamen, China
Dall'osto, Manuel ; Institute of Marine Science, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), Barcelona, Spain
Schmidt, Katrin ; School of Geography Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of Plymouth, Plymouth, United Kingdom
Droste, Elise S. ; School of Environmental Sciences, University of East Anglia, Norwich, United Kingdom ; Alfred Wegener Institute Helmholtz Centre for Polar and Marine Research, Bremerhaven, Germany
Chamberlain, Emelia J. ; Scripps Institution of Oceanography, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, United States ; Now at Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution, Woods Hole, United States
Kolabutin, Nikolai; Arctic and Antarctic Research Institute, St. Petersburg, Russian Federation
Shimanchuk, Egor ; Arctic and Antarctic Research Institute, St. Petersburg, Russian Federation
Dadic, Ruzica ; WSL Institute for Snow and Avalanche Research SLF, Davos, Switzerland ; Victoria University of Wellington, Wellington, New Zealand
Fong, Allison A. ; Alfred Wegener Institute Helmholtz Centre for Polar and Marine Research, Bremerhaven, Germany
Torres-Valdés, Sinhué ; Alfred Wegener Institute Helmholtz Centre for Polar and Marine Research, Bremerhaven, Germany
Hoppe, Clara J. M. ; Alfred Wegener Institute Helmholtz Centre for Polar and Marine Research, Bremerhaven, Germany
Whitmore, Laura ; International Arctic Research Center, University of Alaska Fairbanks, Fairbanks, United States
Meyer, Hanno ; Alfred Wegener Institute Helmholtz Centre for Polar and Marine Research, Potsdam, Germany
Nosaka, Yuichi ; School of Biological Sciences, Tokai University, Sapporo, Japan ; Graduate School of Biology, Tokai University, Sapporo, Japan ; Hokkaido Regional Research Center, Tokai University, Sapporo, Japan
Inoue, Jun ; National Institute of Polar Research, Tachikawa, Japan
Müller, Oliver ; Department of Biological Sciences, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
Delille, Bruno ; Université de Liège - ULiège > Département d'astrophysique, géophysique et océanographie (AGO)
JSPS - Japan Society for the Promotion of Science NERC - Natural Environment Research Council NSF - National Science Foundation F.R.S.-FNRS - Fonds de la Recherche Scientifique
Funding number :
J.0051.20
Funding text :
This work was conducted and the data used for this report were produced as part of the international Multidisciplinary drifting Observatory for the Study of the Arctic Climate (MOSAiC) with the tag MOSAiC20192020. We thank all persons involved in the expedition of the R/V Polarstern during MOSAiC in 2019\u20132020 (AWI_PS122_00), named in Nixdorf et al. (2021; http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo . 179739). Further, we thank L. Heitmann, T. Brenneis, and A. Terbr\u00FCggen for Chl\u2010a measurements and M. Mellat, A. Marent, and M. Werner for \u03B4O measurement. This study was supported by the Japan Society for the Promotion of Science (Grants: JP18H03745; JP18KK0292; JP17KK0083; JP17H04715; JP20H04345) and by a Grant from the Joint Research Program of the Japan Arctic Research Network Center. AW and KS were funded through the UK Natural Environment Research Council (NERC) (Grants NE/S002596/1 and NE/S002502/1, respectively). ESD was supported by NERC through the EnvEast Doctoral Training Partnership (NE/L002582/1), as well as by NERC and the Department for Business, Energy & Industrial Strategy (BEIS) through the UK Arctic Office. EJC was supported by the National Science Foundation (USA) NSF OPP 1821911 and an NSF Graduate Research Fellowship. OM was supported by the Research Council of Norway through the project HAVOC (Grant 280292).
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