Central Africa; close-range photogrammetric approach; trees with irregular trunks; tropical forests; tropical tree species; approche photogrammétrique à courte portée; arbres à troncs irréguliers; espèces d'arbres tropicaux; forêts tropicales
Abstract :
[en] Trees developing irregularities on their trunks have an influence on the estimation of above-ground biomass and carbon stocks in the tropics. This study aims to examine the variation and determinants of the shape of trees with irregular trunks in Central Africa. The study used close-range photogrammetric data and conventional data to analyze 275 trees belonging to 11 species. For each tree, the isoperimetric quotient (Q) at 1.30 m has been estimated from a cross-sectional disc. Between sites, we observed a significant variation in Q between two forest types, with trees tending to have lower Q values in the semi-deciduous forest (Semi-F) than in the evergreen forest (Ever-F), indicating trees in Semi-F had more irregular trunk shapes. Similar trends were reported for the three species shared by both forest types, suggesting an environmental control of the shape of trees with irregular trunks. Within sites, the lowest Q value was observed for Triplochiton scleroxylon in Semi-F and for Pterocarpus soyauxii in Ever-F, suggesting that these species had more irregular trunks than other species. The determinants of variations in Q were related to tree characteristics and species traits. At the tree level, Q was positively correlated with wood density and negatively correlated with crown volume, suggesting that trees with larger crowns and lower wood density are more likely to develop irregular trunks. At the species level, wind-dispersed species and deciduous
species tended to have more irregular trunks. These results provide insight into the life cycle strategies of tropical tree species. [fr] Les arbres présentant des irrégularités au niveau du tronc influencent l'estimation de la biomasse aérienne et des stocks de carbone dans les régions tropicales. Cette étude vise à analyser la variation et les déterminants de la forme des arbres à troncs irréguliers en Afrique centrale. Elle s'appuie sur des données issues de la photogrammétrie à courte portée ainsi que sur des mesures convention¬nelles, portant sur 275 arbres appartenant à 11 espèces. Pour chaque arbre, le quotient isopérimétrique (Q) à 1,30 m de hauteur a été estimé à partir d'une section transversale du tronc. Entre les sites, une variation significative de Q a été observée entre deux types de forêts: les arbres présentaient des valeurs de Q plus faibles dans la forêt semi-décidue (Semi-F) que dans la forêt sempervirente (Ever-F), indiquant des formes de tronc plus irrégulières en Semi-F. Des tendances similaires ont été observées pour les trois espèces communes aux deux types de forêts, suggérant un effet du contrôle environnemental sur la forme des troncs. Au sein des sites, les valeurs les plus faibles de Q ont été enregistrées chez Triplochiton scleroxylon en Semi-F et Pterocarpus soyauxii en Ever-F, indiquant que ces espèces présentent des troncs plus irréguliers que les autres. Les déterminants des variations de Q sont liés à la fois aux car-actéristiques individuelles des arbres et aux traits des espèces. À l'échelle individuelle, Q est. positivement corrélé à la densité du bois et négativement corrélé au volume de la couronne, suggérant que les arbres à couronnes plus volumineuses et à bois moins dense sont plus susceptibles de développer des troncs irréguliers. À l'échelle spécifique, les espèces à dispersion anémochore et à feuilles décidues présentent une tendance accrue à développer des troncs irréguliers. Ces résultats apportent un éclairage nouveau sur les stratégies de vie des espèces d'arbres tropicaux et contribuent à améliorer la précision des estimations de biomasse et de carbone
Nguila Bakala, Melain Merland ; Laboratoire de Biodiversité, de Gestion des Ecosystèmes et de L'environnement (LBGE), Faculté Des Sciences et Techniques Université Marien NGOUABI Brazzaville Republic of the Congo
Loubota Panzou, Grace Jopaul ; Laboratoire de Biodiversité, de Gestion des Ecosystèmes et de L'environnement (LBGE), Faculté Des Sciences et Techniques Université Marien NGOUABI Brazzaville Republic of the Congo ; Institut Supérieur de Sciences Géographiques, Environnement et Aménagement (ISGEA), Université Dénis SASSOU N'GUESSO Brazzaville Republic of the Congo
Ploton, Pierre; AMAP, Université de Montpellier, IRD, CNRS, INRAE, CIRAD Montpellier France
Forni, Éric; UR Forêts et sociétés CIRAD Montpellier France
Lejeune, Philippe ; Université de Liège - ULiège > TERRA Research Centre > Gestion des ressources forestières
Loumeto, Jean Joël; Laboratoire de Biodiversité, de Gestion des Ecosystèmes et de L'environnement (LBGE), Faculté Des Sciences et Techniques Université Marien NGOUABI Brazzaville Republic of the Congo
Language :
English
Title :
Variation and Determinants of the Shape of Trees With Irregular Trunks in Central Africa
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