Abstract :
[en] Objectives: Physical exercise effectively treats symptoms of knee osteoarthritis and should be systematically incorporated into patient management. However, many questions remain about how to administer them. This manuscript presents a narrative review of the recent literature on the clinical effects of exercise on symptoms of knee osteoarthritis. Methods: The literature search was carried out in the PubMed database. Only articles published between December 2019 and December 2024 were selected. The keywords used were “knee” and “osteoarthritis” and “exercises” OR “physical activity”. Articles were selected based on the quality of the methodology and the interest of the study results. Randomized clinical trials and meta-analyses were preferred. Results: The most widely studied are the quadriceps, hamstrings, and hip abductors resistance exercises. They enhance the strength of these muscles, alleviate pain, and improve mobility and quality of life for patients with knee osteoarthritis. Stretching, neuromuscular control exercises, mind-body exercises, and aerobics also improve these variables. To date, it is impossible to say whether one type of exercise is more effective. Exercise programs that combine various types of exercise have also proven effective. Conclusion: Exercises effectively improve the algo-functional status of patients with knee osteoarthritis. A multimodal approach that integrates strengthening, stretching, muscle control, and aerobic exercises is recommended. The type of exercise to include in the patient's program should be based on assessing the patient's needs, preferences, and physical capacity.
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