Ecoenzymatic stoichiometry; Greenhouse vegetable production; Microbial carbon use efficiency; Nitrogen fertilizer; Resource limitations; Root C and N exudation rates; Fertilizers; Nitrogen; Carbon; Soil; Soil/chemistry; Plant Roots/metabolism; Nitrogen/metabolism; Soil Microbiology; Carbon/metabolism; Carbon use efficiencies; Greenhouse vegetables; Microbial carbons; Root C and N exudation rate; Root exudation; Vegetable productions; Plant Roots; Environmental Engineering; Environmental Chemistry; Waste Management and Disposal; Pollution
Abstract :
[en] Root exudation and its mediated nutrient cycling process driven by nitrogen (N) fertilizer can stimulate the plant availability of various soil nutrients, which is essential for microbial nutrient acquisition. However, the response of soil microbial resource limitations to long-term N fertilizer application rates in greenhouse vegetable systems has rarely been investigated. Therefore, we selected a 15-year greenhouse vegetable system, and investigated how N fertilizer application amount impacts on root carbon and nitrogen exudation rates, microbial resource limitations and microbial carbon use efficiency (CUEST). Four N treatments were determined: high (N3), medium (N2), low (N1), and a control without N fertilization (N0). Compared to the control (N0), the results showed that the root C exudation rates decreased significantly by 42.9 %, 57.3 % and 33.6 %, and the root N exudation rates decreased significantly by 29.7 %, 42.6 %, and 24.1 % under N1, N2, and N3 treatments, respectively. Interactions between fertilizer and plant roots altered microbial C, N, P limitations and CUEST; Microbial C and N/P limitations were positively correlated with root C and N exudation rates, negatively correlated with microbial CUEST. Random Forest analysis revealed that the root C and N exudation rates were key factors for soil microbial resource limitations and microbial CUEST. Through the structural equation model (SEM) analysis, soil NH4+ content had significant direct effects on the root exudation rates after long-term N fertilizer application. An increase in root exudation rates led to enhanced microbial resource limitations in the rhizosphere soils, potentially due to increased competition. This enhancement may reduce microbial carbon use efficiency (CUE), that is, microbial C turnover, thereby reducing soil C sequestration. Overall, this study highlights the critical role of root exudation rates in microbial resource limitations and CUE changes in plant-soil systems, and further improves our understanding of plant-microbial interactions.
Disciplines :
Earth sciences & physical geography
Author, co-author :
Lian, Jinshan ; Université de Liège - ULiège > TERRA Research Centre
Li, Guihua; State Key Laboratory of Efficient Utilization of Arid and Semi-arid Arable Land in Northern China, Institute of Agricultural Resources and Regional Planning, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China, National Center of Technology Innovation for Comprehensive Utilization of Saline-Alkali Land, Innovation for Comprehensive Utilization of Saline-Alkali Land, Shandong 257000, China. Electronic address: liguihua@caas.cn
Zhang, Jianfeng; State Key Laboratory of Efficient Utilization of Arid and Semi-arid Arable Land in Northern China, Institute of Agricultural Resources and Regional Planning, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China, National Center of Technology Innovation for Comprehensive Utilization of Saline-Alkali Land, Innovation for Comprehensive Utilization of Saline-Alkali Land, Shandong 257000, China. Electronic address: zhangjianfeng@caas.cn
Massart, Sébastien ; Université de Liège - ULiège > Département GxABT > Gestion durable des bio-agresseurs
Language :
English
Title :
Nitrogen fertilization affected microbial carbon use efficiency and microbial resource limitations via root exudates.
Earmarked Fund for China Agriculture Research System
Funding text :
We acknowledge all the colleagues for their unremitting efforts on the long-term experiments. This research was funded by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (grant number: 22176215 ), the Earmarked fund for CARS (grant number: CARS 23-B18 ), and the program of China Scholarship Council (grant number: 202303250059 ).
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