Black shale; Cyclostratigraphy; Devonian; Frasnian-Famennian boundary; Orbital forcing; West Valley core; Appalachian basin; Biodiversity crisis; Black shales; Carbon isotope excursions; Devonians; Frasnian-famennian boundary; Total Organic Carbon; West valley core; Oceanography; Global and Planetary Change
Abstract :
[en] The Kellwasser Crisis near the Frasnian-Famennian boundary (∼372 Ma) is linked to one of the major Phanerozoic biodiversity crises. It is associated with sea-level changes, carbon-cycle perturbations, and pulsed oceanic anoxia, that led to black shale deposition characterized by positive carbon isotope excursions, akin to the Kellwasser horizons in Germany. Despite growing evidence of astronomically forced climatic stresses influencing Devonian marine systems, the trigger mechanism(s) of the Kellwasser Event remain debated. The West Valley core (WVC) comprises middle Frasnian to lower Famennian strata, including the Rhinestreet and Kellwasser events, characterized by black shales, elevated total organic carbon (TOC) content, and a positive δ13Corg carbon isotope excursion in the Kellwasser Crisis interval. In this work, we performed cyclostratigraphic analysis of Ti, Ti/Al and TOC, which reveals a strong astronomical imprint, particularly eccentricity amplitude modulation patterns. The TOC record was tuned to the stable 405-kyr eccentricity period, yielding a 5.67-Myr-long floating astrochronology, with event durations for the Rhinestreet and Kellwasser intervals consistent with previous reports. Subsequent analysis confirmed an equally strong eccentricity imprint on the titanium content, strongly implying a link between organic matter preservation, detrital sediment supply and astronomical forcing. Additionally, a dominant imprint of the 1.2-Myr and 2.4-Myr obliquity cycles on sea-level variation supports astronomical control on the Kellwasser Crisis. Finally, new insights into the phase relationship between the Rhinestreet and Kellwasser events and astronomically forced climate changes are globally contextualized within a new cyclostratigraphic model, emphasizing the role of eccentricity and obliquity in pacing marine anoxia.
Disciplines :
Earth sciences & physical geography
Author, co-author :
Huygh, Jarno ; Université de Liège - ULiège > Geology
Algeo, Thomas J.; Department of Geosciences, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, United States ; State Key Laboratory of Geomicrobiology and Environmental Changes (GMEC), China University of Geosciences, Wuhan, China ; State Key Laboratory of Oil and Gas Reservoir Geology and Exploitation, Institute of Sedimentary Geology, Chengdu University of Technology, Chengdu, China
Sageman, Bradley B.; Department of Earth, Environmental and Planetary Sciences, Northwestern University, Evanston, United States
Arts, Michiel ; Université de Liège - ULiège > Département de géologie > Sedimentology, Cycles and paleo-Climate (SediCClim)
Ver Straeten, Charles A.; New York State Museum, Albany, United States
Over, D. Jeffrey; Department of Geological, Environmental, and Planetary Sciences, SUNY Geneseo, Geneseo, United States
Gérard, Justin; Earth and Life Institute, Louvain-la-Neuve, Belgium
Sablon, Loïc; Earth and Life Institute, Louvain-la-Neuve, Belgium
Crucifix, Michel ; Université de Liège - ULiège > Département de géologie > Argiles, géochimie et environnements sédimentaires ; Earth and Life Institute, Louvain-la-Neuve, Belgium
This is a contribution to the \u201CProjet de Recherche\u201D funded by the Belgian National Fund of Sciencific Research (FNRS) , contract T.0037.22 \u201CWarmAnoxia\u201D. Michiel Arts is financially supported by the FNRS -PDR T.0051.19 grant \u201CSiluCarb\u201D. FNRS had no involvement in the study design, analysis and interpretation of data, writing of the manuscript or decision to submit this study for publication.
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