National Belgian Study on Terbinafine Resistance in Trichophyton interdigitale/mentagrophytes/indotineae (2022-2023): Epidemiology and Molecular Features. - 2025
National Belgian Study on Terbinafine Resistance in Trichophyton interdigitale/mentagrophytes/indotineae (2022-2023): Epidemiology and Molecular Features.
Sacheli, Rosalie; Egrek, Sabrina; El Moussaoui, Khalidet al.
[en] Objectives: Trichophyton indotineae, a dermatophyte closely related to T. interdigitale and T. mentagrophytes, is of growing concern due to its high terbinafine resistance and widespread presence in India. Its emergence in Europe calls for enhanced surveillance. Resistance is linked to mutations in the squalene epoxidase (SQLE) gene. This multicentric national study aimed to evaluate the prevalence, terbinafine susceptibility, and phylogenomics of T. interdigitale/mentagrophytes/indotineae strains in Belgium, with a focus on SQLE substitutions. Methods: Between February 2022 and April 2023, 137 isolates from 16 Belgian labs were analyzed for antifungal susceptibility using the EUCAST E.Def.11.0 method. Whole-genome sequencing (WGS) was performed via Illumina sequencing method. Results: Phylogenomic analysis identified 8 T. indotineae, 91 T. interdigitale, and 38 T. mentagrophytes (including 7 genotype VII strains). Terbinafine resistance (5.1%) was mainly found in T. indotineae (87.5%), always linked to SQLE substitutions. T. interdigitale was fully susceptible. T. mentagrophytes showed mildly elevated MICs, often associated with K276N substitution. Conclusions: Terbinafine-resistant T. indotineae is emerging in Belgium, mostly via imported cases. Continued molecular surveillance and species-specific treatment strategies are essential.
Disciplines :
Microbiology
Author, co-author :
Sacheli, Rosalie ; Université de Liège - ULiège > Département des sciences biomédicales et précliniques > Bactériologie, mycologie, parasitologie, virologie et microbiologie
Egrek, Sabrina ; Université de Liège - ULiège > Département des sciences biomédicales et précliniques > Bactériologie, mycologie, parasitologie, virologie et microbiologie
El Moussaoui, Khalid ; Université de Liège - ULiège > Département des sciences biomédicales et précliniques > Bactériologie, mycologie, parasitologie, virologie et microbiologie
Kurt, Bahoz; Clinical Microbiology Department, National Reference Center for Mycoses, Center for Interdisciplinary Research on Medicines, University Hospital of Liège, 4000 Liege, Belgium
Machowski, Emilie; Clinical Microbiology Department, National Reference Center for Mycoses, Center for Interdisciplinary Research on Medicines, University Hospital of Liège, 4000 Liege, Belgium
Harag, Saadia; Dermatopathology Department, University Hospital of St Pierre, 1000 Brussels, Belgium
Hayette, Marie-Pierre ; Université de Liège - ULiège > Département des sciences biomédicales et précliniques > Bactériologie, mycologie, parasitologie, virologie et microbiologie
Language :
English
Title :
National Belgian Study on Terbinafine Resistance in Trichophyton interdigitale/mentagrophytes/indotineae (2022-2023): Epidemiology and Molecular Features.
Publication date :
13 September 2025
Journal title :
Journal of Fungi
ISSN :
2309-608X
eISSN :
2309-608X
Publisher :
Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute (MDPI), Switzerland
A surveillance resistance grant was provided by the public health institute Sciensano (funded by RIZIV-INAMI), which enabled us to carry out this study.
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