[en] Femoral fractures involving the stifle joint are rare in equids. While large fractures affecting the proximal portion of the lateral trochlear ridge can be successfully repaired through internal fixation, no cases of medial trochlear ridge fracture fixation have been documented in the literature. This report describes the successful surgical management of a chronic medial trochlear ridge fracture of the femur. A 25‐year‐old French leisure Saddlebred mare was referred to the clinic with severe external swelling of the right stifle and lameness at the walk, following a trauma that had occurred 3 weeks earlier. Diagnostic imaging confirmed a minimally displaced chronic fracture of the medial trochlear ridge of the femur associated with severe synovitis. After the failure of conservative management, the fracture was surgically repaired by open reduction and internal fixation using three cortical screws placed in lag fashion. Postoperative imaging confirmed the stability of the construction, with progressive resolution of the associated synovitis. Despite a temporary restriction in stifle extension, which was managed through physiotherapy and orthopaedic shoeing, the mare fully recovered.
Research Center/Unit :
FARAH. Médecine vétérinaire comparée - ULiège
Disciplines :
Veterinary medicine & animal health
Author, co-author :
de la Rebière de Pouyade, Geoffroy ; Université de Liège - ULiège > Fundamental and Applied Research for Animals and Health (FARAH) > FARAH: Médecine vétérinaire comparée
Grulke, Sigrid ; Université de Liège - ULiège > Fundamental and Applied Research for Animals and Health (FARAH) > FARAH: Médecine vétérinaire comparée
Charles, Alexandre ; Université de Liège - ULiège > Fundamental and Applied Research for Animals and Health (FARAH)
Roman Dura, Bienvenida ; Université de Liège - ULiège > Département d'Enseignement et de Clinique des Equidés (DCE)
Salciccia, Alexandra ; Université de Liège - ULiège > Département d'Enseignement et de Clinique des Equidés (DCE) > Chirurgie et orthopédie équine
Language :
English
Title :
Internal fixation of a large medial femoral trochlear ridge fracture in a mare
Anderson, B.H., Turner, T.A. & Johnson, G.R. (1996) What is your diagnosis? Fracture of the distal third of the patella in a horse. Journal of the American Veterinary Medical Association, 209(11), 1847–1848.
Byron, C.R., Stick, J.A., Brown, J.A. & Lugo, J. (2002) Use of a condylar screw plate for repair of a salter-Harris type-III fracture of the femur in a 2-year-old horse. Journal of the American Veterinary Medical Association, 221(9), 1292–1295. Available from: https://doi.org/10.2460/javma.2002.221.1292
Colbern, G.T. & Moore, J.N. (1984) Surgical management of proximal articular fracture of the patella in a horse. Journal of the American Veterinary Medical Association, 185(5), 543–545.
Dyson, S., Wright, I., Kold, S. & Vatistas, N. (1992) Clinical and radiographic features, treatment and outcome in 15 horses with fracture of the medial aspect of the patella. Equine Veterinary Journal, 24(4), 264–268. Available from: https://doi.org/10.1111/j.2042-3306.1992.tb02832.x
Ebling, A.J., Slack, J. & Reef, V.B. (2008) Imaging diagnosis—avulsion of the origin of the popliteal tendon in a horse. Veterinary Radiology & Ultrasound, 49(6), 567–569. Available from: https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1740-8261.2008.00436.x
Edwards, R.B., 3rd & Nixon, A.J. (1996) Avulsion of the cranial cruciate ligament insertion in a horse. Equine Veterinary Journal, 28(4), 334–336. Available from: https://doi.org/10.1111/j.2042-3306.1996.tb03099.x
Fortier, L.A. (2012) Shoulder. In: Auer, J.A. & Stick, J.A. (Eds.) Equine surgery, 4th edition. Saint Louis, MO: Elsevier, pp. 1379–1388.
Holcombe, S.J. & Bertone, A.L. (1994) Avulsion fracture of the origin of the extensor digitorum longus muscle in a foal. Journal of the American Veterinary Medical Association, 204(10), 1652–1654.
Lischer, C.J. & Auer, J.A. (2019) Tarsus. In: Auer, J.A., Stick, J.A., Kümmerle, J.M. & Prange, T. (Eds.) Equine surgery, 5th edition. Saint Louis, MO: Elsevier, pp. 1710–1736.
Marble, G.P. & Sullins, K.E. (2000) Arthroscopic removal of patellar fracture fragments in horses: five cases (1989–1998). Journal of the American Veterinary Medical Association, 216(11), 1799–1801. Available from: https://doi.org/10.2460/javma.2000.216.1799
Martin-Flores, M., Campoy, L., Kinsley, M.A., Mohammed, H.O., Gleed, R.D. & Cheetham, J. (2014) Analgesic and gastrointestinal effects of epidural morphine in horses after laparoscopic cryptorchidectomy under general anesthesia. Veterinary Anaesthesia and Analgesia, 41(4), 430–437. Available from: https://doi.org/10.1111/vaa.12133
McIlwraith, C.W. (1990) Osteochondral fragmentation of the distal aspect of the patella in horses. Equine Veterinary Journal, 22(3), 157–163.
McLellan, J., Plevin, S. & Taylor, E. (2012) Concurrent patellar fracture and lateral collateral ligament avulsion as a result of trauma in three horses. Journal of the American Veterinary Medical Association, 240(10), 1218–1222. Available from: https://doi.org/10.2460/javma.240.10.1218
Montesso, F. & Wright, I.M. (1995) Removal of chip fractures of the femoral trochlear ridges of three horses by arthroscopy. Veterinary Record, 137(4), 94–96. Available from: https://doi.org/10.1136/vr.137.4.94
Nixon, A.J. (2020a) Fractures and Luxations of the hock. In: Nixon, A.J. (Ed.) Equine fracture repair, 2nd edition. Hoboken, NJ: Wiley Blackwell, pp. 613–647.
Nixon, A.J. (2020b) Fractures of the stifle. In: Nixon, A.J. (Ed.) Equine fracture repair, 2nd edition. Hoboken, NJ: Wiley Blackwell, pp. 664–687.
Rubio-Martínez, L.M., Redding, W.R., Bladon, B., Wilderjans, H., Payne, R.J., Tessier, C. et al. (2018) Fracture of the medial intercondylar eminence of the tibia in horses treated by arthroscopic fragment removal (21 horses). Equine Veterinary Journal, 50(1), 60–64. Available from: https://doi.org/10.1111/evj.12720
Valk, N. & Schumacher, J. (2020) Successful outcome of a Standardbred filly after conservative treatment for a Salter–Harris type III fracture of the distal femoral condyle. Equine Veterinary Education, 32(4), 178–181. Available from: https://doi.org/10.1111/eve.12935
Vautravers, G., Brandenberger, O., Vitte, A. & Rossignol, F. (2018) Articular sagittal and medial parasagittal patellar fracture repair using lag screws in two mature horses. Equine Veterinary Education, 30(1), 31–36. Available from: https://doi.org/10.1111/eve.12620
Walmsley, J.P. (1997) Fracture of the intercondylar eminence of the tibia treated by arthroscopic internal fixation. Equine Veterinary Journal, 29(2), 148–150. Available from: https://doi.org/10.1111/j.2042-3306.1997.tb01657.x
