[en] Clostridioides difficile is ubiquitous and is found in humans, animals and in variety of environments. The substantial overlap of ribotypes between all three main reservoirs suggests the extensive transmissions. Here we give the overview of European studies investigating farm, companion and wild animals, food and environments including water, soil, sediment, wastewater treatment plants, biogas plants, air, and households. Studies in Europe are more numerous especially in last couple of years, but are still fragmented in terms of countries, animal species, or type of environment covered. Soil seem to be the habitat of divergent unusual lineages of C. difficile. But the most important aspect of animals and environment is their role in C. difficile transmissions and their potential as a source for human infection is discussed.
Disciplines :
Veterinary medicine & animal health
Author, co-author :
Rodriguez-Diaz, Cristina ; Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Málaga y Plataforma de Nanomedicina-IBIMA Plataforma BIONAND, UGC de Aparato Digestivo, Hospital Universitario Virgen de la Victoria, Málaga, Spain ; Laboratory of Food Microbiology, Fundamental and Applied Research for Animals and Health (FARAH), Department of Food Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Liège, Liège, Belgium
Seyboldt, Christian; Institute of Bacterial Infections and Zoonoses, Friedrich-Loeffler-Institut, Federal Research Institute for Animal Health, Jena, Germany
Rupnik, Maja; National Laboratory for Health, Environment and Food, NLZOH, Maribor, Slovenia ; University of Maribor, Faculty of Medicine, Maribor, Slovenia
Language :
English
Title :
Non-human Clostridioides difficile Reservoirs and Sources: Animals, Food, Environment.
Publication date :
2024
Main work title :
Updates on Clostridioides difficile in Europe
Editor :
Mastrantonio, Paola
Rupnik, Maja
Publisher :
Springer
ISBN/EAN :
978-3-031-42107-5 978-3-031-42108-2
Collection name :
Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology; 1435
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