[en] The middle and upper parts of the Skały Fm, Early to Middle Givetian in age, were investigated in four sections at Miłoszów Wood in the Łysogóry Region (northern region of the Holy Cross Mountains, central Poland). The dating is based on conodonts (Polygnathus timorensis Zone to the later part of the Polygnathus varcus/Polygnathus rhenanus Zone; early Polygnathus ansatus Zone cannot be excluded) and spores (Ex1–2 subzones) and, coupled with cartographic analysis and geophysical investigation, allows correlation within the strongly faulted succession. Significant lateral facies variations within the carbonate ramp depositional system in comparison with the better studied Grzegorzowice–Skały section, about 3 km distant, are documented, thanks to conodont-based correlation of both successions. Foraminifers, fungi, sponges, rugose and tabulate corals, medu-sozoans, microconchids and cornulitids, polychaetes (scolecodonts), molluscs (bivalves, rostroconchs, and gas-tropods), arthropods (trilobites and ostracods), bryozoans, hederelloids, ascodictyids, brachiopods, echinoderms (mostly crinoids, rare echinoids, holuthurians, and ophiocistoids), conodonts, fish, plants (prasinophytes, chloro-phycophytes, and land plant spores), and acritarchs are present. Brachiopods are the most diverse phylum present (68 species), other richly represented groups are bryozoans and echinoderms; in contrast, cephalopods and trilobites are low in diversity and abundance. The muddy, middle to outer ramp biota (200 marine taxa, including 170 species of marine animals, 22 photoautotrophs, 6 forams) represents a mixture of allochthonous shallower-wa-ter communities (upper BA3), including storm-and possibly tsunami-affected coral mounds, and autochthonous deep-water soft-bottom brachiopod (e.g., Bifida–Echinocoelia) communities (BA 4–5). The richness and diversity of the Miłoszów biota is relatively high, comparable with other approximately coeval pre-Taghanic ecosystems during the Devonian climatic deterioration (cooling). Preliminary data indicate that in the Holy Cross Mountains, no large-scale replacement of brachiopod (and probably many other benthic ones, like crinoids) communities took place between the Early–Middle Givetian and the Early Frasnian, in contrast to the demise of the Hamilton/ Upper Tully fauna in the Appalachian Basin. Such a similarity of pre-and post-Taghanic faunas does not exclude the occurrence of environmental perturbations and transient community turnovers, caused by immigrations during the Taghanic Biocrisis, but evidences the successful recovery of the indigenous biota.
Disciplines :
Earth sciences & physical geography
Author, co-author :
Halamski, Adam T.; Institute of Paleobiology, Polish Academy of Sciences, Warszawa, Poland
Baliński, Andrzej; Institute of Paleobiology, Polish Academy of Sciences, Warszawa, Poland
Racki, Grzegorz; Institute of Earth Sciences, Faculty of Natural Sciences, University of Silesia in Katowice, Sosnowiec, Poland
Amler, Michael R. W.; Universität zu Köln, Institut für Geologie und Mineralogie, Abt. Paläontologie und Historische Geologie, Köln, Germany
Basse, Martin; Senckenberg Research Institute and Natural History Museum, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
Denayer, Julien ; Université de Liège - ULiège > Département de géologie > Evolution and diversity dynamics lab
Dubicka, Zofia; Faculty of Geology, University of Warsaw, Warszawa, Poland
Filipiak, Paweł; Institute of Earth Sciences, Faculty of Natural Sciences, University of Silesia in Katowice, Sosnowiec, Poland
Kondas, Marcelina; Institute of Earth Sciences, Faculty of Natural Sciences, University of Silesia in Katowice, Sosnowiec, Poland
Krawczyński, Wojciech; Institute of Earth Sciences, Faculty of Natural Sciences, University of Silesia in Katowice, Sosnowiec, Poland
Mieszkowski, Radosław; Faculty of Geology, University of Warsaw, Warszawa, Poland
Narkiewicz, Katarzyna; Polish Geological Institute – National Research Institute, Warszawa, Poland
Olempska, Ewa; Institute of Paleobiology, Polish Academy of Sciences, Warszawa, Poland
Wrzołek, Tomasz; Institute of Earth Sciences, Faculty of Natural Sciences, University of Silesia in Katowice, Sosnowiec, Poland
Wyse Jackson, Patrick N.; Department of Geology, Trinity College, Dublin 2, Ireland
Zapalski, Mikołaj K.; Faculty of Geology, University of Warsaw, Warszawa, Poland
Zatoń, Michał; Institute of Earth Sciences, Faculty of Natural Sciences, University of Silesia in Katowice, Sosnowiec, Poland
Kozłowski, Wojciech; Faculty of Geology, University of Warsaw, Warszawa, Poland
THE PRE-TAGHANIC (GIVETIAN, MIDDLE DEVONIAN) ECOSYSTEMS OF MIŁOSZÓW (HOLY CROSS MTS, POLAND)
Publication date :
2022
Journal title :
Annales Societatis Geologorum Poloniae
ISSN :
0208-9068
Publisher :
Polish Geological Society
Volume :
92
Issue :
4
Pages :
323 - 379
Peer reviewed :
Peer reviewed
Funding text :
This study, including in particular the fieldwork at Miłoszów, was financed through Grant 2016/23/B/ST10/02744 “Evolution and palaeobiogeography of Devonian brachiopod faunas on the South Polish shelf before and after the global Taghanic event” of the National Science Centre, Poland (NCN) to AB. Contributions of GR and ZD are partly supported by Grant 2018/29/B/ST10/01811 “Systematic affiliation and paleoenvironmental significance of mid-Paleozoic calcareous microfossils (protists and microprob-lematica)” of the National Science Centre, Poland (NCN) to GR. The authors gratefully acknowledge the landowners of Miłoszów Wood for granting permission to dig. Jarosław Musialik and Agnieszka Pisarzowska helped in fieldwork. The authors express their gratitude to the recently deceased Andrzej Piotrowski for donating a small but valuable collection of brachiopods from Miłoszów, which encouraged us to undertake more in-depth research. ATH thanks Andrzej Pisera for identification of sponge spicules, Michał Ginter for information on fish remains, James J. Zambito IV for discussion of the Taghanic Event in the type area, and William I. Ausich, Jan Bohatý and Przemysław Gorzelak for echinoderm data. KN thanks Marek Narkiewicz for discussion of geology and palaeogeography of the Łysogóry Basin. GR thanks Carlton E. Brett for verification of eustatic and climatic data in Fig. 7D–E. An earlier version of this paper was reviewed by Christian Klug and Gordon C. Baird. All the above-mentioned persons and institutions are gratefully acknowledged.
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