NanoLC-EI-MS; chia seed oil; chromatographic techniques; essential fatty acids; lipidomics; mass spectrometry; minor lipid compounds; nutritional indices; ω3 fatty acids; Food Science; Microbiology; Health (social science); Health Professions (miscellaneous); Plant Science
Abstract :
[en] A comprehensive chemical characterization of different lipid components, namely fatty acid composition after derivatization in fatty acid methyl esters (FAMEs), triacylglycerols (TAGs), phospholipids (PLs), free fatty acids (FFAs), sterols, carotenoids, tocopherols, and polyphenols in Chia seed oil, obtained by Soxhlet extraction, was reported. Reversed phase liquid chromatography (RP-LC) coupled to UV and mass spectrometry (MS) detectors was employed for carotenoids, polyphenols, and TAGs determination; normal phase-LC in combination with fluorescence detector (FLD) was used for tocopherols analysis; PL and FFA fractions were investigated after a rapid solid phase extraction followed by RP-LC-MS and NanoLC coupled to electron ionization (EI) MS, respectively. Furthermore, gas chromatography (GC)-flame ionization (FID) and MS detectors were used for FAMEs and sterols analysis. Results demonstrated a significant content of bioactive compounds, such as the antioxidant tocopherols (22.88 µg mL-1), and a very high content of essential fatty acids (81.39%), namely α-linolenic (62.16%) and linoleic (19.23%) acids. In addition, for the best of authors knowledge, FFA profile, as well as some carotenoid classes has been elucidated for the first time. The importance of free fatty acids in vegetable matrices is related to the fact that they can be readily involved in metabolic processes or biosynthetic pathways of the plant itself. For a fast and reliable determination of this chemical class, a very innovative and sensitive NanoLC-EI-MS analytical determination was applied.
Disciplines :
Chemistry Food science
Author, co-author :
Oteri, Marianna ; Department of Veterinary Sciences, Section of Animal Production, University of Messina, I-98168 Messina, Italy
Bartolomeo, Giovanni ; Science4Life S.r.l., an Academic Spin-Off of University of Messina, I-98168 Messina, Italy
Rigano, Francesca ; Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical, and Environmental Sciences, University of Messina, I-98168 Messina, Italy
Aspromonte, Juan ; Laboratorio de Investigación y Desarrollo de Métodos Analíticos, LIDMA, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, Universidad Nacional de La Plata, CIC-PBA, CONICET, Calle 47 esq. 115, La Plata 1900, Argentina
Trovato, Emanuela ; Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical, and Environmental Sciences, University of Messina, I-98168 Messina, Italy
Purcaro, Giorgia ; Université de Liège - ULiège > TERRA Research Centre > Chemistry for Sustainable Food and Environmental Systems (CSFES)
Dugo, Paola; Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical, and Environmental Sciences, University of Messina, I-98168 Messina, Italy ; Chromaleont s.r.l., c/o Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical and Environmental Sciences, University of Messina, I-98168 Messina, Italy
Mondello, Luigi ; Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical, and Environmental Sciences, University of Messina, I-98168 Messina, Italy ; Chromaleont s.r.l., c/o Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical and Environmental Sciences, University of Messina, I-98168 Messina, Italy ; Unit of Food Science and Nutrition, Department of Medicine, University Campus Bio-Medico of Rome, I-00128 Rome, Italy
Beccaria, Marco ; Department of Chemical, Pharmaceutical, and Agricultural Sciences (DOCPAS), Via Luigi Borsari 46, University of Ferrara, 44121 Ferrara, Italy
Language :
English
Title :
Comprehensive Chemical Characterization of Chia (Salvia hispanica L.) Seed Oil with a Focus on Minor Lipid Components.
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