Astronomy and Astrophysics; Space and Planetary Science
Abstract :
[en] TOI-6255 b (GJ 4256) is an Earth-sized planet (1.079 ± 0.065 R ⊕) with an orbital period of only 5.7 hr. With the newly commissioned Keck Planet Finder and CARMENES spectrographs, we determine the planet’s mass to be 1.44 ± 0.14 M ⊕. The planet is just outside the Roche limit, with P orb/P Roche = 1.13 ± 0.10. The strong tidal force likely deforms the planet into a triaxial ellipsoid with a long axis that is ∼10% longer than the short axis. Assuming a reduced stellar tidal quality factor Q ⋆ ′ ≈ 10 7 , we predict that tidal orbital decay will cause TOI-6255 to reach the Roche limit in roughly 400 Myr. Such tidal disruptions may produce the possible signatures of planet engulfment that have been seen on stars with anomalously high refractory elemental abundances compared to their conatal binary companions. TOI-6255 b is also a favorable target for searching for star-planet magnetic interactions, which might cause interior melting and hasten orbital decay. TOI-6255 b is a top target (with an Emission Spectroscopy Metric of about 24) for phase-curve observations with the James Webb Space Telescope.
Disciplines :
Space science, astronomy & astrophysics
Author, co-author :
Dai, Fei ; Institute for Astronomy, University of Hawai‘i, Honolulu, United States ; Division of Geological and Planetary Sciences, Pasadena, United States ; Department of Astronomy, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, United States
Howard, Andrew W. ; Department of Astronomy, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, United States
Halverson, Samuel ; Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, United States
Orell-Miquel, Jaume ; Instituto de Astrofísica de Canarias (IAC), Tenerife, Spain
Pallé, Enric ; Instituto de Astrofísica de Canarias (IAC), Tenerife, Spain
Isaacson, Howard ; Department of Astronomy, University of California Berkeley, Berkeley, United States ; Centre for Astrophysics, University of Southern Queensland, Toowoomba, Australia
Fulton, Benjamin ; NASA Exoplanet Science Institute, Caltech-IPAC, Pasadena, United States
Price, Ellen M. ; Department of the Geophysical Sciences, University of Chicago, Chicago, United States
Plotnykov, Mykhaylo ; Centre for Planetary Sciences, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
Rogers, Leslie A. ; Department of Astronomy and Astrophysics, University of Chicago, Chicago, United States
Valencia, Diana ; Centre for Planetary Sciences, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
Paragas, Kimberly ; Division of Geological and Planetary Sciences, Pasadena, United States
Greklek-McKeon, Michael ; Division of Geological and Planetary Sciences, Pasadena, United States
Gomez Barrientos, Jonathan ; Division of Geological and Planetary Sciences, Pasadena, United States
Knutson, Heather A. ; Division of Geological and Planetary Sciences, Pasadena, United States
Petigura, Erik A. ; Department of Physics & Astronomy, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, United States
Weiss, Lauren M. ; Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, United States
Lee, Rena ; Institute for Astronomy, University of Hawai‘i, Honolulu, United States
Brinkman, Casey L. ; Institute for Astronomy, University of Hawai‘i, Honolulu, United States
Huber, Daniel ; Institute for Astronomy, University of Hawai‘i, Honolulu, United States ; Sydney Institute for Astronomy (SIfA), School of Physics, University of Sydney, Australia
Stefánsson, Gumundur ; Anton Pannekoek Institute for Astronomy, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands
Masuda, Kento ; Department of Earth and Space Science, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan
Giacalone, Steven ; Department of Astronomy, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, United States
Lu, Cicero X. ; Gemini Observatory, NSF’s NOIRLab, Hilo, United States
Kite, Edwin S. ; Department of Geophysical Sciences, University of Chicago, Chicago, United States
Hu, Renyu ; Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, United States ; Division of Geological and Planetary Sciences, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, United States
Gaidos, Eric ; Department of Earth Sciences, University of Hawai’i at Mänoa, Honolulu, United States
Zhang, Michael ; Department of Astronomy & Astrophysics, University of Chicago, Chicago, United States
Rubenzahl, Ryan A. ; Department of Astronomy, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, United States
Winn, Joshua N. ; Department of Astrophysical Sciences, Princeton University, Princeton, United States
Han, Te ; Department of Physics & Astronomy, The University of California, Irvine, Irvine, United States
Beard, Corey ; Department of Physics & Astronomy, The University of California, Irvine, Irvine, United States
Holcomb, Rae ; Department of Physics & Astronomy, University of California Irvine, Irvine, United States
Householder, Aaron ; Department of Earth, Atmospheric and Planetary Sciences, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, United States ; Kavli Institute for Astrophysics and Space Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, United States
Gilbert, Gregory J. ; Department of Physics & Astronomy, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, United States
Lubin, Jack ; Department of Physics & Astronomy, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, United States
Ong, J. M. Joel ; Institute for Astronomy, University of Hawai‘i, Honolulu, United States
Polanski, Alex S. ; Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Kansas, Lawrence, United States
Saunders, Nicholas ; Institute for Astronomy, University of Hawai‘i, Honolulu, United States
Van Zandt, Judah ; Department of Physics & Astronomy, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, United States
Yee, Samuel W. ; Center for Astrophysics, Harvard & Smithsonian, Cambridge, United States
Zhang, Jingwen ; Institute for Astronomy, University of Hawai‘i, Honolulu, United States
Zink, Jon; Department of Astronomy, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, United States
Holden, Bradford ; University of California Observatories University of California, Santa Cruz, Santa Cruz, United States
Baker, Ashley; Caltech Optical Observatories, Pasadena, United States
Brodheim, Max ; W. M. Keck Observatory, Waimea, United States
Crossfield, Ian J. M. ; Department of Physics & Astronomy, University of Kansas, Lawrence, United States
Deich, William ; University of California Observatories University of California, Santa Cruz, Santa Cruz, United States
Edelstein, Jerry; Space Sciences Laboratory, University of California Berkeley, Berkeley, United States
Gibson, Steven R. ; Caltech Optical Observatories, Pasadena, United States
Hill, Grant M. ; W. M. Keck Observatory, Waimea, United States
Jelinsky, Sharon R. ; Space Sciences Laboratory, University of California Berkeley, Berkeley, United States
Kassis, Marc ; W. M. Keck Observatory, Waimea, United States
Laher, Russ R. ; NASA Exoplanet Science Institute, Caltech-IPAC, Pasadena, United States
Lanclos, Kyle ; W. M. Keck Observatory, Waimea, United States
Lilley, Scott ; W. M. Keck Observatory, Waimea, United States
Payne, Joel N. ; W. M. Keck Observatory, Waimea, United States
Rider, Kodi; Space Sciences Laboratory, University of California Berkeley, Berkeley, United States
Robertson, Paul ; Department of Physics & Astronomy, University of California Irvine, Irvine, United States
Roy, Arpita ; Astrophysics & Space Institute, Schmidt Sciences, New York, United States
Schwab, Christian ; School of Mathematical and Physical Sciences, Macquarie University, North Ryde, Australia
Shaum, Abby P. ; Department of Astronomy, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, United States
Sirk, Martin M. ; Space Sciences Laboratory, University of California Berkeley, Berkeley, United States
Smith, Chris; Space Sciences Laboratory, University of California Berkeley, Berkeley, United States
Vandenberg, Adam ; W. M. Keck Observatory, Waimea, United States
Walawender, Josh ; W. M. Keck Observatory, Waimea, United States
Wang, Sharon X. ; Department of Astronomy, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
Wang, Shin-Ywan ; NASA Exoplanet Science Institute, Caltech-IPAC, Pasadena, United States
Wishnow, Edward; Space Sciences Laboratory, University of California Berkeley, Berkeley, United States
Wright, Jason T. ; Department of Astronomy & Astrophysics, 525 Davey Laboratory, University Park, United States ; Center for Exoplanets and Habitable Worlds, 525 Davey Laboratory, Penn State, University Park, United States ; Penn State Extraterrestrial Intelligence Center, 525 Davey Laboratory, University Park, United States
Yeh, Sherry ; W. M. Keck Observatory, Waimea, United States
Caballero, José A. ; Centro de Astrobiología (CSIC-INTA), Madrid, Spain
Morales, Juan C. ; Institut de Ciències de l’Espai (ICE, CSIC), Barcelona, Spain ; Institut d’Estudis Espacials de Catalunya (IEEC), Barcelona, Spain
Murgas, Felipe ; Instituto de Astrofísica de Canarias (IAC), Tenerife, Spain ; Departamento de Astrofísica, Universidad de La Laguna (ULL), Tenerife, Spain
Nagel, Evangelos ; Institut für Astrophysik und Geophysik, Georg-August-Universität Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany
Reiners, Ansgar ; Institut für Astrophysik und Geophysik, Georg-August-Universität Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany
Schweitzer, Andreas ; Hamburger Sternwarte, Hamburg, Germany
Tabernero, Hugo M. ; Departamento de Física de la Tierra y Astrofísica & IPARCOS-UCM, Instituto de Física de Partículas y del Cosmos de la UCM, Facultad de Ciencias Físicas, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
Zechmeister, Mathias ; Institut für Astrophysik und Geophysik, Georg-August-Universität Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany
Spencer, Alton ; Western Connecticut State University, Danbury, United States
Ciardi, David R. ; NASA Exoplanet Science Institute, Caltech-IPAC, Pasadena, United States
Clark, Catherine A. ; Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, United States ; NASA Exoplanet Science Institute, Caltech-IPAC, Pasadena, United States
Lund, Michael B. ; NASA Exoplanet Science Institute, Caltech-IPAC, Pasadena, United States
Caldwell, Douglas A. ; SETI Institute, Mountain View, United States
Collins, Karen A. ; Center for Astrophysics, Harvard & Smithsonian, Cambridge, United States
Schwarz, Richard P. ; Center for Astrophysics, Harvard & Smithsonian, Cambridge, United States
Barkaoui, Khalid ; Université de Liège - ULiège > Département d'astrophysique, géophysique et océanographie (AGO) > Exoplanets in Transit: Identification and Characterization ; Department of Earth, Atmospheric and Planetary Science, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, United States ; Instituto de Astrofísica de Canarias (IAC), Tenerife, Spain
Watkins, Cristilyn ; Center for Astrophysics, Harvard & Smithsonian, Cambridge, United States
Shporer, Avi ; Department of Physics, Kavli Institute for Astrophysics and Space Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, United States
Narita, Norio ; Instituto de Astrofísica de Canarias (IAC), Tenerife, Spain ; Komaba Institute for Science, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan ; Astrobiology Center, Tokyo, Japan
Fukui, Akihiko ; Instituto de Astrofísica de Canarias (IAC), Tenerife, Spain ; Komaba Institute for Science, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
Latham, David W. ; Center for Astrophysics, Harvard & Smithsonian, Cambridge, United States
Jenkins, Jon M. ; NASA Ames Research Center, Moffett Field, United States
Ricker, George R. ; Department of Physics, Kavli Institute for Astrophysics and Space Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, United States
Seager, Sara ; Department of Earth, Atmospheric and Planetary Sciences, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, United States ; Department of Physics, Kavli Institute for Astrophysics and Space Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, United States ; Department of Aeronautics and Astronautics, MIT, Cambridge, United States
Vanderspek, Roland ; Department of Physics, Kavli Institute for Astrophysics and Space Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, United States
This work was supported by a NASA Keck PI Data Award, administered by the NASA Exoplanet Science Institute. The data presented herein were obtained at the W. M. Keck Observatory from telescope time allocated to the National Aeronautics and Space Administration through the agency\u2019s scientific partnership with the California Institute of Technology and the University of California. The Observatory was made possible by the generous financial support of the W. M. Keck Foundation.This work makes use of observations from the LCOGT network. Part of the LCOGT telescope time was granted by NOIRLab through the Mid-Scale Innovations Program (MSIP). MSIP is funded by NSF.We acknowledge financial support from the Agencia Estatal de Investigaci\u00F3n of the Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovaci\u00F3n MCIN/AEI/10.13039/501100011033 and the ERDF \u201CA way of making Europe\u201D through project PID2021-125627OB-C32, and from the Centre of Excellence \u201CSevero Ochoa\u201D award to the Instituto de Astrofisica de Canarias.Funding for the TESS mission is provided by NASA's Science Mission Directorate. K.A.C. and C.N.W. acknowledge support from the TESS mission via subaward s3449 from MIT.We thank Henrique Reggiani for an independent investigation of the stellar spectrum. We thank Doug Lin, Luke Bouma, Eugene Chiang, Darryl Seligman, Saul Rappaport, Jennifer van Saders, Ji Wang, and Li Zeng for insightful discussions. We also thank Connie Rockosi for their contribution to the successful construction of the KPF.D.H. acknowledges support from the Alfred P. Sloan Foundation, the National Aeronautics and Space Administration (80NSSC21K0652), and the Australian Research Council (FT200100871).This work is partly supported by JSPS KAKENHI grant No. JPJP24H00017 and JSPS Bilateral Program Number JPJSBP120249910. This article is based on observations made with the MuSCAT2 instrument, developed by ABC, at Telescopio Carlos S\u00E1nchez, operated on the island of Tenerife by the IAC in the Spanish Observatorio del Teide. This paper is based on observations made with the MuSCAT3 instrument, developed by the Astrobiology Center and under financial support from JSPS KAKENHI (JP18H05439) and JST PRESTO (JPMJPR1775), at Faulkes Telescope North on Maui, HI, operated by the Las Cumbres Observatory.Support for this work was provided by NASA through the NASA Hubble Fellowship grant HST-HF2-51503.001-A awarded by the Space Telescope Science Institute, which is operated by the Association of Universities for Research in Astronomy, Incorporated, under NASA contract NAS5-26555.D.R.C. and C.A.C. acknowledge support from NASA 18-2XRP18_2-0007.
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