K2-79b and K2-222b: Mass Measurements of Two Small Exoplanets with Periods beyond 10 days that Overlap with Periodic Magnetic Activity Signals

Nava, Chantanelle; López-Morales, Mercedes; Mortier, Annelies; Zeng, Li; Giles, Helen A. C.; Bieryla, Allyson; Vanderburg, Andrew; Buchhave, Lars A.; Poretti, Ennio; Saar, Steven H.; Dumusque, Xavier; Latham, David W.; Charbonneau, David; Damasso, Mario; Bonomo, Aldo S.; Lovis, Christophe; Collier Cameron, Andrew; Eastman, Jason D.; Sozzetti, Alessandro; Cosentino, Rosario; Pedani, Marco; Pepe, Francesco; Molinari, Emilio; Sasselov, Dimitar; Mayor, Michel; Stalport, Manu; Malavolta, Luca; Rice, Ken; Watson, Christopher A.; Martinez Fiorenzano, A.F.; Di Fabrizio, Luca

doi:10.3847/1538-3881/ac3141

Article (Scientific journals)

K2-79b and K2-222b: Mass Measurements of Two Small Exoplanets with Periods beyond 10 days that Overlap with Periodic Magnetic Activity Signals

Nava, Chantanelle; López-Morales, Mercedes; Mortier, Annelies et al.

2022 • In Astronomical Journal, 163 (41)

Peer Reviewed verified by ORBi

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https://hdl.handle.net/2268/329281

DOI
10.3847/1538-3881/ac3141

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Keywords :

Exoplanet astronomy; Stellar activity; Astronomy and Astrophysics; Space and Planetary Science

Abstract :

[en] We present mass and radius measurements of K2-79b and K2-222b, two transiting exoplanets orbiting active G-type stars observed with HARPS-N and K2. Their respective 10.99 day and 15.39 day orbital periods fall near periods of signals induced by stellar magnetic activity. The two signals might therefore interfere and lead to an inaccurate estimate of exoplanet mass. We present a method to mitigate these effects when radial velocity (RV) and activity-indicator observations are available over multiple observing seasons and the orbital period of the exoplanet is known. We perform correlation and periodogram analyses on subsets composed of each target's two observing seasons, in addition to the full data sets. For both targets, these analyses reveal an optimal season with little to no interference at the orbital period of the known exoplanet. We make a confident mass detection of each exoplanet by confirming agreement between fits to the full RV set and the optimal season. For K2-79b, we measure a mass of 11.8 ± 3.6 M ⊕ and a radius of 4.09 ± 0.17 R ⊕. For K2-222b, we measure a mass of 8.0 ± 1.8 M ⊕ and a radius of 2.35 ± 0.08 R ⊕. According to model predictions, K2-79b is a highly irradiated Uranus analog and K2-222b hosts significant amounts of water ice. We also present a RV solution for a candidate second companion orbiting K2-222 at 147.5 days.

Disciplines :

Space science, astronomy & astrophysics

Author, co-author :

Nava, Chantanelle ; Center for Astrophysics | Harvard and Smithsonian, Cambridge, United States

López-Morales, Mercedes ; Center for Astrophysics | Harvard and Smithsonian, Cambridge, United States

Mortier, Annelies ; Astrophysics Group, Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom ; Kavli Institute for Cosmology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom

Zeng, Li ; Center for Astrophysics | Harvard and Smithsonian, Cambridge, United States ; Department of Earth and Planetary Sciences, Harvard University, Cambridge, United States

Giles, Helen A. C. ; Observatoire de Geneve, Université de Geneve, Sauverny, Switzerland

Bieryla, Allyson ; Center for Astrophysics | Harvard and Smithsonian, Cambridge, United States

Vanderburg, Andrew ; Department of Astronomy, University of Wisconsin, Madison, United States

Buchhave, Lars A. ; DTU Space, National Space Institute, Technical University of Denmark, Lyngby, Denmark

Poretti, Ennio ; Fundación Galileo Galilei-INAF, Spain ; INAF-Osservatorio Astronomico di Brera, Merate, Italy

Saar, Steven H. ; Center for Astrophysics | Harvard and Smithsonian, Cambridge, United States

More authors (21 more)

Language :

English

Title :

K2-79b and K2-222b: Mass Measurements of Two Small Exoplanets with Periods beyond 10 days that Overlap with Periodic Magnetic Activity Signals

Publication date :

February 2022

Journal title :

Astronomical Journal

ISSN :

0004-6256

eISSN :

1538-3881

Publisher :

American Astronomical Society

Volume :

163

Issue :

Peer reviewed :

Peer Reviewed verified by ORBi

Additional URL :

https://iopscience.iop.org/article/10.3847/1538-3881/ac3141

Funders :

NASA - National Aeronautics and Space Administration

Funding text :

NASA Exoplanet Research Program

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