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Keywords :
food safety, aquaculture, antibiotic residues, Vietnam, maximum residue limits, antibiotic resistance
Abstract :
[en] Aquaculture is a vital sector in Vietnam, contributing significantly to the country's economy and food security. However, the increasing use of antibiotics in aquaculture has raised concerns about food safety due to the presence of antibiotic residues in fish and seafood products.
Antibiotics are commonly used in aquaculture for disease prevention, treatment, and growth promotion. However, inadequate regulation and improper usage practices have led to the accumulation of antibiotic residues in fish and seafood, which poses serious health risks. These include allergic reactions, antibiotic resistance, and disruption of gut microbiota in consumers. The environmental impact is also significant, as antibiotics discharged into surrounding water systems contribute to the spread of antimicrobial-resistant bacteria.
Recent notifications from the Rapid Alert System for Food and Feed (RASFF) have highlighted instances of prohibited antibiotics such as nitrofurans, as well as the presence of legally permitted antibiotics in quantities exceeding MRLs in aquaculture exports from Vietnam, such as malachite and leucomalachite green. These notifications signal the need for improved regulation, monitoring, and compliance with international food safety standards in Vietnam’s aquaculture industry.
