Adaptation strategies; Groundwater loss; Local communities; Rural development services; Water governance; Development services; Government interactions; Ground water level; Local community; Local networks; Rural development; Rural development service; Renewable Energy, Sustainability and the Environment; Water Science and Technology
Abstract :
[en] The aim of this study was to measure the main indicators of farmers' adaptation capacity response to the decreasing groundwater level in the Kazerun plain, Iran. For this purpose, 10 adaptation capacity indicators including local networks, confidence in government, interaction and mutual relation, labor and time, financial and infrastructure, inventing and innovation, adopting management, riskability, governance, knowledge and information have been measured and analyzed by the second-order confirmatory factor analysis model based on the 291 samples of farmers according to Cochran's formula. The results of factor analysis, prioritization of farmers' adaptation capacity indicators to cope with groundwater depletion, showed that the most important indicators were “adaptive management” (T-value = 5.51), “finance and infrastructure” (T-value = 3.94), and “local networks” (T-value = 3.38). The results also showed that most of the indicators for estimating adaptation capacity have a high impact on the adaptation of local stakeholders, except for the government confidence index (average extracted variance = 0.501). The findings suggested that human capital such as farmer reciprocity should be strengthened in the studied villages to enhance farmers’ adaptive capacity to drought and water crises.
Disciplines :
Agriculture & agronomy
Author, co-author :
Ghorbani, Mehdi; Faculty of Natural Resources, University of Tehran, Karaj, Iran
Ganji, Najmeh; Faculty of Natural Resources, University of Tehran, Karaj, Iran
Khosravi, Hassan; Faculty of Natural Resources, University of Tehran, Karaj, Iran
Alambeigi, Amir; Faculty of Agriculture, University of Tehran, Karaj, Iran
Azadi, Hossein ; Université de Liège - ULiège > TERRA Research Centre > Modélisation et développement
Language :
English
Title :
Evaluation of farmers’ adaptation capacity indicators with declining groundwater levels in Kazerun plain, Iran
Publication date :
June 2023
Journal title :
Sustainable Water Resources Management
ISSN :
2363-5037
eISSN :
2363-5045
Publisher :
Springer Science and Business Media Deutschland GmbH
Abid M, Scheffran J, Schneider UA, Ashfaq M (2015) ‘Farmers’ perceptions of and adaptation strategies to climate change and their determinants: the case of Punjab Province, Pakistan. Earth Syst Dyn 6:225–243
Adger WN, Huq S, Brown K, Conwa D, Hulme M (2003) Adaptation to climate change in the developing world. Prog Dev Stud 3(3):179–195
Afkhami M, Ghorbani M, Zahraee B, Azadi H (2021) Role of social network measurements in improving adaptive capacity: the case of agricultural water users in rural areas of western Iran. J Soc Nat Res 34(7):1–20
Al-Abadi AM, Shahid S, Ghalib HB, Handhal AM (2017) A GIS-based integrated fuzzy logic and analytic hierarchy process model for assessing water-harvesting zones in Northeastern Maysan Governorate, Iraq. Arab J Sci Eng 42(6):2487–2499
Almaden CRC, Diep TT, Rola AC et al (2020) Factors influencing measure-based adaptation of rice farmers for slow-onset hazard: the case of saltwater inundation in the Philippines and Vietnam. Environ Manag 66: 629–643
Ausiku AP, Annandale JG, Steyn JM, Sanewe AJ (2020) Improving Pearl Millet (Pennisetum glaucum) productivity through adaptive management of water and nitrogen. Water 12(2):422
Azadi Y, Yazdanpanah M, Mahmoudi H (2019) ‘Understanding smallholder farmers’ adaptation behaviors through climate change beliefs, risk perception, trust, and psychological distance: evidence from wheat growers in Iran. J Environ Manag 250:109456
Azarnivand A, Hashemi-Madani FS, Banihabib ME (2015) Extended fuzzy analytic hierarchy process approach in water and environmental management (case study: Lake Urmia Basin, Iran). Environ Earth Sci 73:13–26
Azemzi H, Erraoui EH (2021) Irrigation water management and collective action: understanding the shift from community management to participatory management in Souss-Massa (Morocco). Euromediterr J Environ Integr 6(1):1
Baharlooee D, Zohrabi N, Shabanlou S, Saremi A (2021) Climate change impact on optimal reservoir operation and agricultural water allocation. Int J Global Warm 23(3):296–310
Belay A, Recha JW, Woldeamanuel T, Morton JF (2017) Smallholder farmers’ adaptation to climate change and determinants of their adaptation decisions in the Central Rift Valley of Ethiopia. Agric Food Sec 6(1):1–13
Benbrook CM, Davis DR (2020) The dietary risk index system: a tool to track pesticide dietary risks. Environ Health 19(103):1
Berhanu B, Seleshi Y, Melesse A (2014) Surface water and groundwater resources of ethiopia: potentials and challenges of water resources development. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-02720-36
Bodin O, Prell C (2011) Social network in natural resources management. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, p 560
Brandt L, Lewis AD, Fahey R, Scott L, Darling L, Swanston C (2016) A framework for adapting urban forests to climate change. Environ Sci Policy 66:393–402
Brooks N, Adger WN (2005) Assessing and enhancing adaptive capacity. Adaptation policy frameworks for climate change. Dev Strat Polic Meas 2005:165–181
Brown PR, Nelson R, Jacobs B, Kokic P, Tracey J, Ahmed M, DeVoil P (2010) Enabling natural resource managers to self-assess their adaptive capacity. Agric Sys 103:562–568
Campbell B, Sayer AJ, Frost P, Vermeulen S, Pérez RM, Cunningham A, Prabhu R (2001) Assessing the performance of natural resources systems. Ecol Soc 5:267–292
Campisano A, Butler D, Ward S, Burns MJ, Friedler E, DeBusk K, Han M (2017) Urban rainwater harvesting systems: research, implementation and future perspectives. Water Res 115:195–209
Chikwanha OC, Mupfiga S, Olagbegi BR, Katiyatiya CL, Molotsi AH, Abiodun BJ, Mapiye C (2021) Impact of water scarcity on dryland sheep meat production and quality: key recovery and resilience strategies. J Arid Environ 190:104511
Cinner JE, Adger WN, Allison EH, Barnes ML, Brown K, Cohen PJ, Morrison TH (2018) Building adaptive capacity to climate change in tropical coastal communities. Nat Clim Change 8(2):117–123
Cole S, Browne M (2015) Tourism and water inequity in bali: a social-ecological systems analysis. Hum Ecol 43:439–450
Contreras D, Voets A, Junghardt J, Bhamidipati S, Contreras S (2020) The drivers of child mortality during the 2012–2016 drought in La Guajira, Colombia. Int J Disast Risk Sci 11(1):87–104
Coulacoglou C, Saklofske DH (2017) Chapter 4—Advances in latent variable measurement modeling. Psychomet Psychol Assess Princ Appl 2017:67–88
Fallahati A, Soleimani H, Alimohammadi M et al (2020) Impacts of drought phenomenon on the chemical quality of groundwater resources in the central part of Iran-application of GIS technique. Environ Monit Assess 192(64):1
Ganji N (2018) Presenting an optimal groundwater use model by integrating humanenvironmental systems to combat desertification (Case Study: Kazeroon plain-Fars province). MSc thesis. University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran, p 133 (in Persian)
Ghorbani M, Azadi A (2021) A social-relational approach for analyzing trust and collaboration networks as preconditions for rangeland co-management. Rang Ecol Manag 75:170–184
Ghorbani M, Taghipour M, Khalighi Sigaroudi S, Alambeygi A (2019) Assessing and prioritizing the components of the capacity of local communities in the face of climate change (Study area: Gonabad city). J Range Water 72:543–556 (in Persian)
Ghorbani M, Javadi A, Rasekhi S, Yazdanparast M, Azadi H (2022) Bonding social capital of rural women in southwest Iran: application of social network analysis. J Rural Soc. 10.1111/ruso.12430 DOI: 10.1111/ruso.12430
Ghorbani M, Ebrahimi F, Salajegheh A, Mohsenisaravi M (2015) Social network analysis, social power and the key stakeholders in action plan for water resources co-management (Case study: Jajrood River in Latian watershed, Darbandsar village). JWMSEIR 9(28):21–32. http://jwmsei.ir/article-1-502-fa.html
Ghorbani M, Azadi H, Janečková K, Sklenička P, Witlox F (2021) Sustainable co-management of arid regions in southeastern Iran: social network analysis approach. J Arid Environ. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jaridenv.2021.104540
Ghorbani M (2018) Adapting institutions, 2nd edn. Tehran University Press, Tehran, p 274 (in Persian)
Goli I, Omidi Najafabadi M, Lashgarara F (2020) Where are we standing and where should we be going? Gender and climate change adaptation behavior. J Agric Environ Ethics 33:187–218
Haile GG, Tang Q, Sun S, Huang Z, Zhang X, Liu X (2019) Droughts in East Africa: causes, impacts and resilience. Earth-Sci Rev 193:146–161
Hallaj Z, Sadighi H, Farhadian H, Bijani M (2021) Human ecological analysis of farmers’ pro-environmental behaviour in the face of drought: application of norm activation theory. Water Environ J 35(4):1337–1347
Jackson S, Finn M, Featherston P (2012) Aquatic resource use by indigenous australians in two tropical river catchments: the fitzroy river and daly river. Hum Ecol 40:893–908
Jadeja Y, Maheshwari B, Packham R et al (2018) Managing aquifer recharge and sustaining groundwater use: developing a capacity building program for creating local groundwater champions. Sustain Water Resour Manag 4:317–329
Jafary F, Bradley C (2018) Groundwater irrigation management and the existing challenges from the farmers, perspective in central Iran. Land 7(1):15
Karamidehkordi E (2010) A country report: challenges facing Iranian agriculture and natural resource management in the twenty-first century. Hum Ecol 38:295–303
Khan NA, Gao Q, Abid M (2020) Public institutions’ capacities regarding climate change adaptation and risk management support in agriculture: the case of Punjab Province, Pakistan. Sci Rep 10:14111
Khosravi F, Taylor A, Siu YL (2021) Chinese water managers’ long-term climate information needs. Sci Total Environ 750:141637
Lockwood M, Raymond C, Oczkowski E, Morrison M (2015) Measuring the dimensions of adaptive capacity: a psychometric approach. Ecol Soc 20(37):1
Luers AL, Lobell DB, Sklar LS, Addams CL, Matson PA (2003) A method for quantifying vulnerability, applied to the agricultural system of the Yaqui Valley, Mexico. Global Environ Change 13(4):255–267
Marshall NA, Park S, Howden SM, Dowd AB, Jakku ES (2013) Climate change awareness is associated with enhanced adaptive capacity. Agric Sys 117:30–34
Matewos T (2020) The state of local adaptive capacity to climate change in drought-prone districts of rural Sidama, southern Ethiopia. Climate Risk Manag 27:100209
Minhas PS, Ramos TB, Ben-Gal A, Pereira LS (2020) Coping with salinity in irrigated agriculture: crop evapotranspiration and water management issues. Agri Water Manag 227:105832
Moghfeli Z, Ghorbani M, Rezvani MR, Khorasani MA, Azadi H, Scheffran J (2021) Social capital and farmers’ leadership in Iranian rural communities: application of social network analysis. J Environ Plan Manag. 10.1080/09640568.2021.2008329 DOI: 10.1080/09640568.2021.2008329
Mortezapour MR, Shahnazari A, Khaledian MR (2019) Water governance in the sefidrud basin using the theory of games approach. J Water Manag Res 10:13–21 (in Persian)
Mousavi H (2017) The role of social capital in increasing of local stakeholders’ adaptive capacity faced with groundwater level decrease (case study: Neyshabur plain-Khorasan province). MSc thesis. University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran, p 134 (in Persian)
Mucheru-Muna M, Waswa F, Mairura FS (2017) Socio-economic factors influencing utilisation of rain water harvesting and saving technologies in Tharaka South, Eastern Kenya. Agric Water Manag 194:150–159
Muthelo D, Owusu-Sekyere E, Ogundeji AA (2019) Smallholder farmers’ adaptation to drought: identifying effective adaptive strategies and measures. Water 11(10):2069
Muthelo D (2018) Perception and adaptation strategies of smallholder farmers to drought in the Free State Province, South Africa. Doctoral dissertation. University of the Free State
Ofori BY, Stow AJ, Baumgartner JB, Beaumont LJ (2017) Influence of adaptive capacity on the outcome of climate change vulnerability assessment. Sci Rep 7(1):1–12
Paavola J (2008) Livelihoods, vulnerability and adaptation to climate change in Morogoro, Tanzania. Environ Sci Policy 11:642–654
Quinlan AE, Berbés-Blázquez M, Haider LJ, Peterson GD (2016) Measuring and assessing resilience: broadening understanding through multiple disciplinary perspectives. J Appl Ecol 53(3):677–687
Rahimi M, Ghorbani M, Azadi H (2022) Structural characteristics of governmental and non-governmental institutions network: case of water governance system in Kor River basin in Iran. Environ Dev Sustain. 10.1007/s10668-022-02346-y DOI: 10.1007/s10668-022-02346-y
Rahman HT, Robinson BE, Ford JD, Hickey GM (2018) How do capital asset interactions affect livelihood sensitivity to climatic stresses? Insights from the Northeastern Floodplains of Bangladesh. Ecol Econ 150:165–176
Razandi Y, Pourghasemi HR, Neisani NS et al (2015) Application of analytical hierarchy process, frequency ratio, and certainty factor models for groundwater potential mapping using GIS. Earth Sci Inform 8:867–883
Rejeski D, Michelson E (2014) International governance perspectives on nanotechnology water innovation. Nano App Clean Water 2014:573–582
Rezaii A, Izadi S (2015) The social causes of illiteracy in Iran. J Soc Behav Sci 46:5631–5634
Salam R, Islam ARMT, Shill BK, Alam GM, Hasanuzzaman M, Hasan MM, Shouse RC (2021) Nexus between vulnerability and adaptive capacity of drought-prone rural households in northern Bangladesh. Nat Hazards 106(1):509–527
Salari F, Ghorbani M, Malekian A (2015) Social monitoring in local stakeholders network to water resources local governance (case study: Razin Watershed, Kermanshah City). J Range Watershed Manag 68(2):287–305. 10.22059/jrwm.2015.54931 DOI: 10.22059/jrwm.2015.54931
Sanchez C, Gamez M, Burguillo FJ, Garay J, Cabello T (2018) Comparison of predator-parasitoid-prey interaction models for different host plant qualities. J Commun Ecol 19(2):125–132. 10.1556/168.2018.19.2.4 DOI: 10.1556/168.2018.19.2.4
Sehrsweeney M (2021) Governing resilient ecosystems: an investigation of governance network level adaptive capacity. Doctoral dissertation
Shalsi S, Ordens CM, Curtis A et al (2019) Can collective action address the “tragedy of the commons” in groundwater management? Insights from an Australian case study. Hydrogeol J 27:2471–2483
Shojaei-Miandoragh M, Bijani M, Abbasi E (2019) Farmers’ resilience behaviour in the face of water scarcity in the eastern part of Lake Urmia, Iran: an environmental psychological analysis. Water Environ J 34(4):611–622
Smit B, Wandel J (2006) Adaptation, adaptive capacity and vulnerability. Global Environ Change 16(3):282–292
Surastina S, Dedi FSO (2018) Examining academic writing motivation of prospective Indonesian language teachers using exploratory factor analysis. Int J Instr 11:15–24
Tang M, Liao H, Herrera-Viedma E, Chen CP, Pedrycz W (2020) A dynamic adaptive subgroup-to-subgroup compatibility-based conflict detection and resolution model for multicriteria large-scale group decision making. IEEE Trans Cybern 1:1
Teo HC, Lechner AM, Walton GW, Chan FKS, Cheshmehzangi A, Tan-Mullins M, Chan HK, Sternberg T, Campos-Arceiz A (2019) Environmental impacts of infrastructure development under the belt and road initiative. Environ 6(72):1
Tringali C, Re V, Siciliano G et al (2017) Insights and participatory actions driven by a socio-hydrogeological approach for groundwater management: the Grombalia Basin case study (Tunisia). Hydrogeol J 25:1241–1255
Velis M, Conti KI, Biermann F (2017) Groundwater and human development: synergies and trade-offs within the context of the sustainable development goals. Sustain Sci 12:1007–1017
Verburg P, Parker DC, Stannard CA (2013) Spatial agent-based models for socio-ecological systems: challenges and prospects. Environ Model Soft 45:1–7
Vincent K (2007) Uncertainty in adaptive capacity and the importance of scale. Global Environ Change 17:12
Wiktorowicz J (2016) Exploratory factor analysis in the measurement of the competencies of older people. J Econ Lit 54:48–60
Xiao H, Gong T, Yu C et al (2020) Citizens’ confidence in government control of corruption: an empirical analysis. Soc Indic Res 152:877–897
Yapıcıoğlu P, Demir Ö (2020) Environmental performances of the wastewater treatment plants: Green Index. Int J Glob Warm 21(1):1–19
Yazdanparast M, Ghorbani M, Salajegheh A, Kerachian R (2023) Development of a water security conceptual model by combining human-environmental system (HES) and system dynamic approach. Water Resour Manag. 10.1007/s11269-023-03449-5 DOI: 10.1007/s11269-023-03449-5
Youssef AM, Zabramwi YA, Gutiérrez F, Bahamil AM, Otaibi ZA, Zahrani AJ (2020) Sinkholes induced by uncontrolled groundwater withdrawal for agriculture in arid Saudi Arabia. Integration of remote-sensing and geophysical (ERT) techniques. J Arid Environ 177:104132
