[en] Croton sylvaticus, a tropical African plant, is traditionally used to treat several diseases, including fever, inflammation, and malaria. Essential oils (EOs) from the plant's leaves, roots, and trunk bark were obtained by hydrodistillation, and their chemical composition was analyzed by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). The major constituents identified were virdiflorene (18.13 ± 0.46%) in root EO, (E)-β-caryophyllene (18.40 ± 0.60%) in trunk bark EO, and farnesyl acetone (15.26 ± 0.25%) in leaf EO. Notably, Cameroonian C. sylvaticus leaf EO exhibited a distinct and newly described chemotype with high levels of farnesyl acetone, β-copaene-4-α-ol, β-cadinene, α-humulene, and trans-longipinocarveol. In vitro testing revealed significant antiplasmodial activity against Plasmodium falciparum asexual (Pf3D7) and sexual (NF-54 strain) stages, with trunk bark EO showing the highest potency (IC50: 9.06 ± 2.15 µg/mL for Pf3D7 and 0.56 µg/mL for gametocytes). These findings support the traditional antimalarial use of C. sylvaticus and represent the first chemical profile and antiplasmodial efficacy report for its root and trunk bark EOs against both parasite stages. To the best of our knowledge, we also report for the first time the antiplasmodial activity of an EO that exerts significant activity against both the asexual and sexual forms of P. falciparum.
Taguimjeu Tafokeu K, Pierre Leonel ; Université de Liège - ULiège > Département GxABT > Chemistry for Sustainable Food and Environmental Systems (CSFES)
Stéphane, Yannick
Fongang, Fotsing; Department of Chemistry, Higher Teachers' Training College, The University of Maroua, Maroua, Cameroon
Genva, Manon ; Université de Liège - ULiège > Département GxABT > Chemistry for Sustainable Food and Environmental Systems (CSFES)
Lahngong, Methodius Shinyuy ; Université de Liège - ULiège > Unités de recherche interfacultaires > Centre Interdisciplinaire de Recherche sur le Médicament (CIRM)
Held, Jana; Institute of Tropical Medicine, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany ; German Center for Infection Research, Partner Site Tübingen, Tuebingen, Germany
Frederich, Michel ; Université de Liège - ULiège > Département de pharmacie > Pharmacognosie
Ngouela, Silvère; Department of Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Yaoundé I, Yaoundé, Cameroon
Fauconnier, Marie-Laure ; Université de Liège - ULiège > TERRA Research Centre > Chemistry for Sustainable Food and Environmental Systems (CSFES)
Language :
English
Title :
Antiplasmodial Activity of a New Chemotype of Croton sylvaticus Hochst. Ex C. Krauss Essential Oil
Publication date :
20 January 2025
Journal title :
International Journal of Molecular Sciences
ISSN :
1661-6596
eISSN :
1422-0067
Publisher :
Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute (MDPI), Switzerland
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