The Multiple Dimensions of Familiarity: From Representations to Phenomenology.

[en] This article focuses on familiarity, the form of memory allowing humans to recognize stimuli that have been encountered before. We aim to emphasize its complex nature which includes representational and phenomenological dimensions. The former implies that its neural correlates depend on the type and complexity of the cue stimulus, as different classes of stimuli are represented in distributed ventral visual and medial temporal regions. The second dimension relates to the subjective feeling of familiarity, which results from a fluency signal that is attributed to past encounters with the stimulus. We review mnemonic and non-mnemonic sources of fluency that can induce a sense of familiarity, as well as cases where fluency is not attributed to memory, among which the phenomenological experience of déjà-vu. Across these two dimensions, we highlight key questions to be answered by future studies to improve our understanding of the underpinnings of this form of memory and contribute to building an integrative neurocognitive model of familiarity. Essential to this aim is the clarification of the computational, cognitive, and neural mechanisms involved, namely global matching, fluency attribution, and sharpening. Furthermore, future research is needed to unravel the relationships between these mechanisms. We argue that to achieve these goals, researchers must use appropriate behavioral paradigms and clearly define which dimension of familiarity they investigate.

Disciplines :

Neurosciences & behavior

Author, co-author :

Gardette, Jeremy ^✱; Université de Liège - ULiège > GIGA > GIGA CRC In vivo Imaging - Aging & Memory

Delhaye, Emma ^✱; Université de Liège - ULiège > GIGA > GIGA CRC In vivo Imaging - Aging & Memory

Bastin, Christine ^✱; Université de Liège - ULiège > GIGA > GIGA CRC In vivo Imaging - Aging & Memory

^✱ These authors have contributed equally to this work.

Language :

English

Title :

The Multiple Dimensions of Familiarity: From Representations to Phenomenology.

Publication date :

2025

Journal title :

Wiley Interdisciplinary Reviews: Cognitive Science

ISSN :

1939-5078

eISSN :

1939-5086

Publisher :

John Wiley & Sons

Volume :

Issue :

Pages :

e1698

Peer reviewed :

Peer Reviewed verified by ORBi

Funding text :

This work was supported by the SAO/Fondation Recherche Alzheimer (Grants 2017/0008 and 20230010); the University of Liège (Grants FSR-S-SS-20/16, FSR2023-SS); the F.R.S-FNRS; Wallonie-Bruxelles International (WBI); Fonds Leon Frédéricq; and Fonds De La Recherche Scientifique—FNRS (Grants J.0007.24 and T0009.19).

Available on ORBi :

since 07 November 2024

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