Assessment of the biological properties of food additives using the zebrafish as a model system

The bioactive potential of food additives remains underexplored, despite growing concerns over their risks and benefits. This study used zebrafish embryos as an in vivo model to assess nine controversial food additives, focusing on morphological and behavioral endpoints. Notable findings include the teratogenic effects of Quinoline Yellow, the toxic potentials of Sodium Benzoate, and the yolk-weakening properties of Brilliant Blue. Remarkably, Tartrazine was found to disrupt vascular structures, with implications for human health. In addition, Aspartame and Monosodium Glutamate were shown to induce hyperactivity in zebrafish larvae, linked to glucose homeostasis disruption. These results highlight the need to reassess the safety and potential biomedical applications of certain food additives, emphasizing the utility of zebrafish embryos in bioactive discovery and safety screenings.