A Joint Fermi-GBM and Swift-BAT Analysis of Gravitational-wave Candidates from the Third Gravitational-wave Observing Run

Fletcher, C.; Wood, J.; Hamburg, R.; Veres, P.; Hui, C.M.; Bissaldi, E.; Briggs, M.S.; Burns, E.; Cleveland, W.H.; Giles, M.M.; Goldstein, A.; Hristov, B.A.; Kocevski, D.; Lesage, S.; Mailyan, B.; Malacaria, C.; Poolakkil, S.; von Kienlin, A.; Wilson-Hodge, C.A.; Crnogorčević, M.; DeLaunay, J.; Tohuvavohu, A.; Caputo, R.; Cenko, S.B.; Laha, S.; Parsotan, T.; Abbott, R.; Abe, H.; Acernese, F.; Ackley, K.; Adhikari, N.; Adhikari, R.X.; Adkins, V.K.; Adya, V.B.; Affeldt, C.; Agarwal, D.; Agathos, M.; Agatsuma, K.; Aggarwal, N.; Aguiar, O.D.; Aiello, L.; Ain, A.; Ajith, P.; Akutsu, T.; Albanesi, S.; Alfaidi, R.A.; Allocca, A.; Altin, P.A.; Amato, A.; Anand, C.; Anand, S.; Ananyeva, A.; Anderson, S.B.; Anderson, W.G.; Ando, M.; Andrade, T.; Andres, N.; Andres-Carcasona, M.; Andrić, T.; Angelova, S.V.; Ansoldi, S.; Antelis, J.M.; Antier, S.; Apostolatos, T.; Appavuravther, E.Z.; Appert, S.; Apple, S.K.; Arai, K.; Araya, A.; Araya, M.C.; Areeda, J.S.; Arene, M.; Aritomi, N.; Arnaud, N.; Arogeti, M.; Aronson, S.M.; Arun, K.G.; Asada, H.; Asali, Y.; Ashton, G.; Aso, Y.; Assiduo, M.; Assis de Souza Melo, S.; Aston, S.M.; Astone, P.; Aubin, F.; Aultoneal, K.; Austin, C.; Babak, S.; Badaracco, F.; Bader, M.K.M.; Badger, C.; Bae, S.; Bae, Y.; Baer, A.M.; Bagnasco, S.; Bai, Y.; Baird, J.; Bajpai, R.; Baka, T.; Ball, M.; Ballardin, G.; Ballmer, S.W.; Balsamo, A.; Baltus, Grégory; Banagiri, S.; Banerjee, B.; Bankar, D.; Barayoga, J.C.; Barbieri, C.; Barish, B.C.; Barker, D.; Barneo, P.; Barone, F.; Barr, B.; Barsotti, L.; Barsuglia, M.; Barta, D.; Bartlett, J.; Barton, M.A.; Bartos, I.; Basak, S.; Bassiri, R.; Basti, A.; Bawaj, M.; Bayley, J.C.; Bazzan, M.; Becher, B.R.; Becsy, B.; Bedakihale, V.M.; Beirnaert, F.; Bejger, M.; Belahcene, I.; Benedetto, V.; Beniwal, D.; Benjamin, M.G.; Bennett, T.F.; Bentley, J.D.; BenYaala, M.; Bera, S.; Berbel, M.; Bergamin, F.; Berger, B.K.; Bernuzzi, S.; Berry, C.P.L.; Bersanetti, D.; Bertolini, A.; Betzwieser, J.; Beveridge, D.; Bhandare, R.; Bhandari, A.V.; Bhardwaj, U.; Bhatt, R.; Bhattacharjee, D.; Bhaumik, S.; Bianchi, A.; Bilenko, I.A.; Billingsley, G.; Bini, S.; Birney, R.; Birnholtz, O.; Biscans, S.; Bischi, M.; Biscoveanu, S.; Bisht, A.; Biswas, B.; Bitossi, M.; Bizouard, M.-A.; Blackburn, J.K.; Blair, C.D.; Blair, D.G.; Blair, R.M.; Bobba, F.; Bode, N.; Boer, M.; Bogaert, G.; Boldrini, M.; Bolingbroke, G.N.; Bonavena, L.D.; Bondu, F.; Bonilla, E.; Bonnand, R.; Booker, P.; Boom, B.A.; Bork, R.; Boschi, V.; Bose, N.; Bose, S.; Bossilkov, V.; Boudart, Vincent; Bouffanais, Y.; Bozzi, A.; Bradaschia, C.; Brady, P.R.; Bramley, A.; Branch, A.; Branchesi, M.; Brau, J.E.; Breschi, M.; Briant, T.; Briggs, J.H.; Brillet, A.; Brinkmann, M.; Brockill, P.; Brooks, A.F.; Brooks, J.; Brown, D.D.; Brunett, S.; Bruno, G.; Bruntz, R.; Bryant, J.; Bucci, F.; Bulik, T.; Bulten, H.J.; Buonanno, A.; Burtnyk, K.; Buscicchio, R.; Buskulic, D.; Buy, C.; Byer, R.L.; Cabourn Davies, G.S.; Cabras, G.; Cabrita, R.; Cadonati, L.; Caesar, M.; Cagnoli, G.; Cahillane, C.; Calderon Bustillo, J.; Callaghan, J.D.; Callister, T.A.; Calloni, E.; Cameron, J.; Camp, J.B.; Canepa, M.; Canevarolo, S.; Cannavacciuolo, M.; Cannon, K.C.; Cao, H.; Cao, Z.; Capocasa, E.; Capote, E.; Carapella, G.; Carbognani, F.; Carlassara, M.; Carlin, J.B.; Carney, M.F.; Carpinelli, M.; Carrillo, G.; Carullo, G.; Carver, T.L.; Casanueva Diaz, J.; Casentini, C.; Castaldi, G.; Caudill, S.; Cavaglia, M.; Cavalier, F.; Cavalieri, R.; Cella, G.; Cerda-Duran, P.; Cesarini, E.; Chaibi, W.; Chalathadka Subrahmanya, S.; Champion, E.; Chan, C.-H.; Chan, C.; Chan, C.L.; Chan, K.; Chan, M.; Chandra, K.; Chang, I.P.; Chanial, P.; Chao, S.; Chapman-Bird, C.; Charlton, P.; Chase, E.A.; Chassande-Mottin, E.; Chatterjee, C.; Chatterjee, Debarati; Chatterjee, Deep; Chaturvedi, M.; Chaty, S.; Chen, C.; Chen, D.; Chen, H.Y.; Chen, J.; Chen, K.; Chen, X.; Chen, Y.-B.; Chen, Y.-R.; Chen, Z.; Cheng, H.; Cheong, C.K.; Cheung, H.Y.; Chia, H.Y.; Chiadini, F.; Chiang, C.-Y.; Chiarini, G.; Chierici, R.; Chincarini, A.; Chiofalo, M.L.; Chiummo, A.; Choudhary, R.K.; Choudhary, S.; Christensen, N.; Chu, Q.; Chu, Y.-K.; Chua, S.S.Y.; Chung, K.W.; Ciani, G.; Ciecielag, P.; Cieślar, M.; Cifaldi, M.; Ciobanu, A.A.; Ciolfi, R.; Cipriano, F.; Clara, F.; Clark, J.A.; Clearwater, P.; Clesse, S.; Cleva, F.; Coccia, E.; Codazzo, E.; Cohadon, P.-F.; Cohen, D.E.; Colleoni, M.; Collette, Christophe; Colombo, A.; Colpi, M.; Compton, C.M.; Constancio, M.; Conti, L.; Cooper, S.J.; Corban, P.; Corbitt, T.R.; Cordero-Carrion, I.; Corezzi, S.; Corley, K.R.; Cornish, N.J.; Corre, D.; Corsi, A.; Cortese, S.; Costa, C.A.; Cotesta, R.; Cottingham, R.; Coughlin, M.W.; Coulon, J.-P.; Countryman, S.T.; Cousins, B.; Couvares, P.; Coward, D.M.; Cowart, M.J.; Coyne, D.C.; Coyne, R.; Creighton, J.D.E.; Creighton, T.D.; Criswell, A.W.; Croquette, M.; Crowder, S.G.; Cudell, Jean-René; Cullen, T.J.; Cumming, A.; Cummings, R.; Cunningham, L.; Cuoco, E.; Curyło, M.; Dabadie, P.; Dal Canton, T.; Dall'Osso, S.; Dálya, G.; Dana, A.; D'Angelo, B.; Danilishin, S.; D'Antonio, S.; Danzmann, K.; Darsow-Fromm, C.; Dasgupta, A.; Datrier, L.E.H.; Datta, Sayak; Datta, Sayantani; Dattilo, V.; Dave, I.; Davier, M.; Davis, D.; Davis, M.C.; Daw, E.J.; Dean, R.; DeBra, D.; Deenadayalan, M.; Degallaix, J.; De Laurentis, M.; Deléglise, S.; Del Favero, V.; De Lillo, F.; De Lillo, N.; Dell'Aquila, D.; Del Pozzo, W.; DeMarchi, L.M.; De Matteis, F.; D'Emilio, V.; Demos, N.; Dent, T.; Depasse, A.; De Pietri, R.; De Rosa, R.; De Rossi, C.; DeSalvo, R.; De Simone, R.; Dhurandhar, S.; Díaz, M.C.; Didio, N.A.; Dietrich, T.; Di Fiore, L.; Di Fronzo, C.; Di Giorgio, C.; Di Giovanni, F.; Di Giovanni, M.; Di Girolamo, T.; Di Lieto, A.; Di Michele, A.; Ding, B.; Di Pace, S.; Di Palma, I.; Di Renzo, F.; Divakarla, A.K.; Dmitriev, A.; Doctor, Z.; Donahue, L.; D'Onofrio, L.; Donovan, F.; Dooley, K.L.; Doravari, S.; Drago, M.; Driggers, J.C.; Drori, Y.; Ducoin, J.-G.; Dupej, P.; Dupletsa, U.; Durante, O.; D'Urso, D.; Duverne, P.-A.; Dwyer, S.E.; Eassa, C.; Easter, P.J.; Ebersold, M.; Eckhardt, T.; Eddolls, G.; Edelman, B.; Edo, T.B.; Edy, O.; Effler, A.; Eguchi, S.; Eichholz, J.; Eikenberry, S.S.; Eisenmann, M.; Eisenstein, R.A.; Ejlli, A.; Engelby, E.; Enomoto, Y.; Errico, L.; Essick, R.C.; Estellés, H.; Estevez, D.; Etienne, Z.; Etzel, T.; Evans, M.; Evans, T.M.; Evstafyeva, T.; Ewing, B.E.; Fabrizi, F.; Faedi, F.; Fafone, V.; Fair, H.; Fairhurst, S.; Fan, P.C.; Farah, A.M.; Farinon, S.; Farr, B.; Farr, W.M.; Fauchon-Jones, E.J.; Favaro, G.; Favata, M.; Fays, Maxime; Fazio, M.; Feicht, J.; Fejer, M.M.; Fenyvesi, E.; Ferguson, D.L.; Fernandez-Galiana, A.; Ferrante, I.; Ferreira, T.A.; Fidecaro, F.; Figura, P.; Fiori, A.; Fiori, I.; Fishbach, M.; Fisher, R.P.; Fittipaldi, R.; Fiumara, V.; Flaminio, R.; Floden, E.; Fong, H.K.; Font, J.A.; Fornal, B.; Forsyth, P.W.F.; Franke, A.; Frasca, S.; Frasconi, F.; Freed, J.P.; Frei, Z.; Freise, A.; Freitas, O.; Frey, R.; Fritschel, P.; Frolov, V.V.; Fronzé, G.G.; Fujii, Y.; Fujikawa, Y.; Fujimoto, Y.; Fulda, P.; Fyffe, M.; Gabbard, H.A.; Gabella, W.E.; Gadre, B.U.; Gair, J.R.; Gais, J.; Galaudage, S.; Gamba, R.; Ganapathy, D.; Ganguly, A.; Gao, D.; Gaonkar, S.G.; Garaventa, B.; García Núñez, C.; García-Quirós, C.; Garufi, F.; Gateley, B.; Gayathri, V.; Ge, G.-G.; Gemme, G.; Gennai, A.; George, J.; Gerberding, O.; Gergely, L.; Gewecke, P.; Ghonge, S.; Ghosh, Abhirup; Ghosh, Archisman; Ghosh, Shaon; Ghosh, Shrobana; Ghosh, Tathagata; Giacomazzo, B.; Giacoppo, L.; Giaime, J.A.; Giardina, K.D.; Gibson, D.R.; Gier, C.; Giesler, M.; Giri, P.; Gissi, F.; Gkaitatzis, S.; Glanzer, J.; Gleckl, A.E.; Godwin, P.; Goetz, E.; Goetz, R.; Gohlke, N.; Golomb, J.; Goncharov, B.; González, G.; Gosselin, M.; Gouaty, R.; Gould, D.W.; Goyal, S.; Grace, B.; Grado, A.; Graham, V.; Granata, M.; Granata, V.; Grant, A.; Gras, S.; Grassia, P.; Gray, C.; Gray, R.; Greco, G.; Green, A.C.; Green, R.; Gretarsson, A.M.; Gretarsson, E.M.; Griffith, D.; Griffiths, W.L.; Griggs, H.L.; Grignani, G.; Grimaldi, A.; Grimes, E.; Grimm, S.J.; Grote, H.; Grunewald, S.; Gruning, P.; Gruson, A.S.; Guerra, D.; Guidi, G.M.; Guimaraes, A.R.; Guixé, G.; Gulati, H.K.; Gunny, A.M.; Guo, H.-K.; Guo, Y.; Gupta, Anchal; Gupta, Anuradha; Gupta, I.M.; Gupta, P.; Gupta, S.K.; Gustafson, R.; Guzman, F.; Ha, S.; Hadiputrawan, I.P.W.; Haegel, L.; Haino, S.; Halim, O.; Hall, E.D.; Hamilton, E.Z.; Hammond, G.; Han, W.-B.; Haney, M.; Hanks, J.; Hanna, C.; Hannam, M.D.; Hannuksela, O.; Hansen, H.; Hansen, T.J.; Hanson, J.; Harder, T.; Haris, K.; Harms, J.; Harry, G.M.; Harry, I.W.; Hartwig, D.; Hasegawa, K.; Haskell, B.; Haster, C.-J.; Hathaway, J.S.; Hattori, K.; Haughian, K.; Hayakawa, H.; Hayama, K.; Hayes, F.J.; Healy, J.; Heidmann, A.; Heidt, A.; Heintze, M.C.; Heinze, J.; Heinzel, J.; Heitmann, H.; Hellman, F.; Hello, P.; Helmling-Cornell, A.F.; Hemming, G.; Hendry, M.; Heng, I.S.; Hennes, E.; Hennig, J.; Hennig, M.H.; Henshaw, C.; Hernandez, A.G.; Hernandez Vivanco, F.; Heurs, M.; Hewitt, A.L.; Higginbotham, S.; Hild, S.; Hill, P.; Himemoto, Y.; 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Lorenzini, M.; Loriette, V.; Lormand, M.; Losurdo, G.; Lott, T.P.; Lough, J.D.; Lousto, C.O.; Lovelace, G.; Lucaccioni, J.F.; Luck, H.; Lumaca, D.; Lundgren, A.P.; Luo, L.-W.; Lynam, J.E.; Ma'arif, M.; Macas, R.; Machtinger, J.B.; MacInnis, M.; Macleod, D.M.; MacMillan, I.A.O.; Macquet, A.; Magana Hernandez, I.; Magazzu, C.; Magee, R.M.; Maggiore, R.; Magnozzi, M.; Mahesh, S.; Majorana, E.; Maksimovic, I.; Maliakal, S.; Malik, A.; Man, N.; Mandic, V.; Mangano, V.; Mansell, G.L.; Manske, M.; Mantovani, M.; Mapelli, M.; Marchesoni, F.; Marin Pina, D.; Marion, F.; Mark, Z.; Marka, S.; Marka, Z.; Markakis, C.; Markosyan, A.S.; Markowitz, A.; Maros, E.; Marquina, A.; Marsat, S.; Martelli, F.; Martin, I.W.; Martin, R.M.; Martinez, M.; Martinez, V.A.; Martinez, V.; Martinovic, K.; Martynov, D.V.; Marx, E.J.; Masalehdan, H.; Mason, K.; Massera, E.; Masserot, A.; Masso-Reid, M.; Mastrogiovanni, S.; Matas, A.; Mateu-Lucena, M.; Matichard, F.; Matiushechkina, M.; Mavalvala, N.; McCann, J.J.; McCarthy, R.; 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doi:10.3847/1538-4357/ad1eed

Article (Scientific journals)

A Joint Fermi-GBM and Swift-BAT Analysis of Gravitational-wave Candidates from the Third Gravitational-wave Observing Run

Fletcher, C.; Wood, J.; Hamburg, R. et al.

2024 • In Astrophysical Journal, 964 (2), p. 149

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10.3847/1538-4357/ad1eed

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Keywords :

Astronomy and Astrophysics; Space and Planetary Science

Abstract :

[en] We present Fermi Gamma-ray Burst Monitor (Fermi-GBM) and Swift Burst Alert Telescope (Swift-BAT) searches for gamma-ray/X-ray counterparts to gravitational-wave (GW) candidate events identified during the third observing run of the Advanced LIGO and Advanced Virgo detectors. Using Fermi-GBM onboard triggers and subthreshold gamma-ray burst (GRB) candidates found in the Fermi-GBM ground analyses, the Targeted Search and the Untargeted Search, we investigate whether there are any coincident GRBs associated with the GWs. We also search the Swift-BAT rate data around the GW times to determine whether a GRB counterpart is present. No counterparts are found. Using both the Fermi-GBM Targeted Search and the Swift- BAT search, we calculate flux upper limits and present joint upper limits on the gamma-ray luminosity of each GW. Given these limits, we constrain theoretical models for the emission of gamma rays from binary black hole mergers.

Disciplines :

Space science, astronomy & astrophysics

Author, co-author :

Fletcher, C. ; Science and Technology Institute, Universities Space Research Association, Huntsville, United States

Wood, J.; NASA Marshall Space Flight Center, Huntsville, United States

Hamburg, R.; Department of Space Science, University of Alabama in Huntsville, Huntsville, United States ; Center for Space Plasma and Aeronomic Research, University of Alabama in Huntsville, Huntsville, United States ; Université Paris-Saclay, CNRS/IN2P3, IJCLab, Orsay, France

Veres, P.; Department of Space Science, University of Alabama in Huntsville, Huntsville, United States ; Center for Space Plasma and Aeronomic Research, University of Alabama in Huntsville, Huntsville, United States

Hui, C.M.; NASA Marshall Space Flight Center, Huntsville, United States

Bissaldi, E.; Dipartimento Interateneo di Fisica, Politecnico di Bari, Bari, Italy ; INFN-Sezione di Bari, Bari, Italy

Briggs, M.S.; Department of Space Science, University of Alabama in Huntsville, Huntsville, United States ; Center for Space Plasma and Aeronomic Research, University of Alabama in Huntsville, Huntsville, United States

Burns, E.; Department of Physics & Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, United States

Cleveland, W.H.; Science and Technology Institute, Universities Space Research Association, Huntsville, United States

Giles, M.M.; Jacobs Space Exploration Group, Huntsville, United States

More authors (1688 more)

Language :

English

Title :

A Joint Fermi-GBM and Swift-BAT Analysis of Gravitational-wave Candidates from the Third Gravitational-wave Observing Run

Publication date :

April 2024

Journal title :

Astrophysical Journal

ISSN :

0004-637X

eISSN :

1538-4357

Publisher :

Institute of Physics

Volume :

964

Issue :

Pages :

149

Peer reviewed :

Peer Reviewed verified by ORBi

Additional URL :

https://iopscience.iop.org/article/10.3847/1538-4357/ad1eed

Funders :

MSFC - Marshall Space Flight Center [US-AL]
European Union. Marie Skłodowska-Curie Actions [BE]
GSFC - Goddard Space Flight Center [US-MD]
Sverige Vetenskapsrådet [SE]
NSF - National Science Foundation [US-VA]
MEXT - Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology [JP]
JSPS - Japan Society for the Promotion of Science [JA]

Funding text :

This material is based upon work supported by NSF's LIGO Laboratory, which is a major facility fully funded by the National Science Foundation. The authors also gratefully acknowledge the support of the Science and Technology Facilities Council (STFC) of the United Kingdom, the Max-Planck-Society (MPS), and the State of Niedersachsen/Germany for supporting the construction of Advanced LIGO and the construction and operation of the GEO 600 detector. Additional support for Advanced LIGO was provided by the Australian Research Council. The authors gratefully acknowledge the Italian Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare (INFN), the French Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), and the Netherlands Organization for Scientific Research (NWO) for the construction and operation of the Virgo detector and the creation and support of the EGO consortium. The authors also gratefully acknowledge research support from these agencies as well as from the Council of Scientific and Industrial Research of India, the Department of Science and Technology, India, the Science & Engineering Research Board (SERB), India, the Ministry of Human Resource Development, India, the Spanish Agencia Estatal de Investigaci\u00F3n (AEI), the Spanish Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovaci\u00F3n and Ministerio de Universidades, the Conselleria de Fons Europeus, Universitat i Cultura and the Direcci\u00F3 General de Pol\u00EDtica Universitaria i Recerca del Govern de les Illes Balears, the Conselleria d\u2019Innovaci\u00F3 Universitats, Ci\u00E8ncia i Societat Digital de la Generalitat Valenciana and the CERCA Programme Generalitat de Catalunya, Spain, the National Science Centre of Poland and the European Union\u2014European Regional Development Fund; the Foundation for Polish Science (FNP), the Swiss National Science Foundation (SNSF), the Russian Foundation for Basic Research, the Russian Science Foundation, the European Commission, the European Social Funds (ESF), the European Regional Development Funds (ERDF), the Royal Society, the Scottish Funding Council, the Scottish Universities Physics Alliance, the Hungarian Scientific Research Fund (OTKA), the French Lyon Institute of Origins (LIO), the Belgian Fonds de la Recherche Scientifique (FRS-FNRS), Actions de Recherche Concert\u00E9es (ARC) and Fonds Wetenschappelijk Onderzoek\u2014Vlaanderen (FWO), Belgium, the Paris \u00CEle-de-France Region, the National Research, Development and Innovation Office Hungary (NKFIH), the National Research Foundation of Korea, the Natural Science and Engineering Research Council Canada, the Canadian Foundation for Innovation (CFI), the Brazilian Ministry of Science, Technology, and Innovations, the International Center for Theoretical Physics South American Institute for Fundamental Research (ICTP-SAIFR), the Research Grants Council of Hong Kong, the National Natural Science Foundation of China (NSFC), the Leverhulme Trust, the Research Corporation, the National Science and Technology Council (NSTC), Taiwan, the United States Department of Energy, and the Kavli Foundation. The authors gratefully acknowledge the support of the NSF, STFC, INFN, and CNRS for the provision of computational resources.This work was supported by MEXT, the JSPS Leading-edge Research Infrastructure Program, JSPS Grant-in-Aid for Specially Promoted Research 26000005, JSPS Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research on Innovative Areas 2905: JP17H06358, JP17H06361, and JP17H06364, JSPS Core-to-Core Program A. Advanced Research Networks, JSPS Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (S) 17H06133 and 20H05639, JSPS Grant-in-Aid for Transformative Research Areas (A) 20A203: JP20H05854, the joint research program of the Institute for Cosmic Ray Research, University of Tokyo, the National Research Foundation (NRF), the Computing Infrastructure Project of the Global Science experimental Data hub Center (GSDC) at KISTI, the Korea Astronomy and Space Science Institute (KASI), the Ministry of Science and ICT (MSIT) in Korea, Academia Sinica (AS), the AS Grid Center (ASGC) and the National Science and Technology Council (NSTC) in Taiwan under grants including the Rising Star Program and Science Vanguard Research Program, the Advanced Technology Center (ATC) of NAOJ, and the Mechanical Engineering Center of KEK.The USRA coauthors gratefully acknowledge NASA funding through contract 80MSFC17M0022. R.H. acknowledges funding from the European Union's Horizon 2020 research and innovation program under the Marie Sk\u0142odowska-Curie grant agreement No. 945298-ParisRegionFP. The UAH coauthors gratefully acknowledge NASA funding from co-operative agreement 80MSFC22M0004. The NASA authors gratefully acknowledge NASA funding through the Fermi-GBM project. This research also made use of Astropy, a community-developed core Python package for Astronomy (Astropy Collaboration et al. , , ); NumPy (Harris et al. ); SciPy (Virtanen et al. ), and matplotlib, a Python library for publication-quality graphics (Hunter ).The Swift authors acknowledge the use of public data from the Swift data archive. M.C. acknowledges support from NASA under award number 80GSFC21M0002 and from Vetenskapsr\u00E5det through project number 31004019. J.D. acknowledges support by the NSF under award numbers PHY-1913607 and PHY-2209445.

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