Abstract :
[en] Climate change has increased the intensity and frequency of disaster events worldwide, which in turn, has forced modern civilisation to reflect on the resilience of its built and natural environments. Within this broader context, urban areas have been forced to adapt to cope with the increasing risk of disaster events, with adaptions often having a direct impact on cultural heritage, especially where this heritage is exposed to the consequences of adaptation that are unplanned or unforeseen. Cultural heritage is, therefore, being reconsidered as an untapped 'opportunity space' disputed by international organisations and stakeholders. These stakeholders include local communities, external visitors, heritage experts and urban planners. Overcoming the challenges raised by the simultaneous urban adaptation to climate change and conservation of cultural heritage, requires these stakeholders and decision-makers to enter a ‘trading zone’. The trading zone is considered a space where stakeholders can negotiate conflicting or contradictory objectives and explore potential trade-offs between heritage preservation and climate change adaptation, leading to mutually beneficial outcomes. Building such a trading zone requires an appreciation of governance but evidence suggests there is a lack of understanding of governance structures related to climate change, including disaster risk management, disaster risk reduction and climate adaptation. Greater clarity about who does what, how they do it and when they do it within the context of climate change, especially disaster events, would help to facilitate this trading zone, helping to identify potential situations where there may be room for compromise and where mutually beneficial trade-offs exist. Stakeholders can negotiate conflicting or contradictory objectives within this trading zone with a greater appreciation of the different experts' roles in the urban transformation. Furthermore, the stakeholders will also be better equipped to develop more practical and workable solutions, which incentivises all stakeholders. This book chapter builds upon and contributes towards ongoing Horizon research projects. In particular, the Shelter project and the Rescue Me project. These projects explored pre-existing literature to identify four preliminary governance typologies when exploring the anatomy of urban and rural historic areas at different spatial scales. The four governance typologies defined were Hierarchical, Participatory & collaborative, multi-level & networking and Community-led. This book chapter describes these four typologies in greater detail, reflecting upon them with ongoing working examples and exploring them within the context of climate-driven urban transformation. We propose that these typologies form the basis for further research. A refined version of these governance typologies complemented by further examples will help inform the development of the trading zone. In turn, stakeholders identify more adaptive governance processes, allowing them to shift from one typology to another according to the stakes involved. This will provide a theoretical platform to facilitate the integration of CH sites into broader decision-making processes, enhancing the synergies between heritage and other stakeholders.
