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Radiobiology of Combining Radiotherapy with Other Cancer Treatment Modalities
Ahire, Vidhula; Ahmadi Bidakhvidi, Niloefar; Boterberg, Tom et al.
2023In Radiobiology Textbook
Editorial reviewed
 

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Keywords :
Clinical radiotherapy; Stereotactic Body Radiation Therapy; High LET particles; Combination therapy; Radionuclide therapy; Nanoparticles
Abstract :
[en] In this chapter, we address the role of radiation as treatment modality in the context of oncological treatments given to patients. Physical aspects of the use of ionizing radiation (IR)—by either photons, neutrons, or charged (high linear energy transfer) particles—and their clinical application are summarized. Information is also provided regarding the radiobiological rationale of the use of conventional fractionation as well as alternative fractionation schedules using deviating total dose, fraction size, number of fractions, and the overall treatment time. Pro- and contra arguments of hypofractionation are discussed. In particular, the biological rationale and clinical application of Stereotactic Body Radiation Therapy (SBRT) are described. Furthermore, background information is given about FLASH radiotherapy (RT), which is an emerging new radiation method using ultra-high dose rate allowing the healthy, normal tissues and organs to be spared while maintaining the antitumor effect. Spatial fractionation of radiation in tumor therapy, another method that reduces damage to normal tissue is presented. Normal tissue doses could also be minimized by interstitial or intraluminal irradiation, i.e., brachytherapy, and herein an overview is given on the principles of brachytherapy and its clinical application. Furthermore, details are provided regarding the principles, clinical application, and limitations of boron neutron capture therapy (BNCT). Another important key issue in cancer therapy is the combination of RT with other treatment modalities, e.g., chemotherapy, targeted therapy, immunotherapy, hyperthermia, and hormonal therapy. Combination treatments are aimed to selectively enhance the effect of radiation in cancer cells or to trigger the immune system but also to minimize adverse effects on normal cells. The biological rationale of all these combination treatments as well as their application in clinical settings are outlined. To selectively reach high concentrations of radionuclides in tumor tissue, radioembolization is a highly interesting approach. Also, radioligand therapy which enables specific targeting of cancer cells, while causing minimal harm surrounding healthy tissues is presented. A brief overview is provided on how nanotechnology could contribute to the diagnosis and treatment of cancer. Last but not least, risk factors involved in acquiring secondary tumors after RT are discussed.
Research Center/Unit :
Belgian Nuclear Research Centre (SCK CEN)
Disciplines :
Oncology
Author, co-author :
Ahire, Vidhula
Ahmadi Bidakhvidi, Niloefar
Boterberg, Tom
Chaudhary, Pankaj
Chevalier, Francois
Daems, Noami
Delbart, Wendy
Baatout, Sarah
Deroose, Christophe M.
Fernandez-Palomo, Cristian
Franken, Nicolaas A. P.
Gaipl, Udo S.
Geenen, Lorain
Heynickx, Nathalie
Koniarová, Irena
Selvaraj, Vinodh Kumar
Levillain, Hugo
Michaelidesová, Anna Jelínek
Montoro, Alegría
Oei, Arlene L.
Penninckx, Sébastien
Reindl, Judith
Rödel, Franz
Sminia, Peter
Tabury, Kevin
Vermeulen, Koen
Viktorsson, Kristina
Waked, Anthony  ;  Université de Liège - ULiège > Département des sciences biomédicales et précliniques > Biochimie et physiologie générales, et biochimie humaine
More authors (18 more) Less
Language :
English
Title :
Radiobiology of Combining Radiotherapy with Other Cancer Treatment Modalities
Publication date :
2023
Main work title :
Radiobiology Textbook
Publisher :
Springer International Publishing
ISBN/EAN :
978-3-03-118810-7
978-3-03-118809-1
Peer reviewed :
Editorial reviewed
Development Goals :
3. Good health and well-being
Available on ORBi :
since 11 June 2024

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