Agonistes des récepteurs du GLP-1 et diabète de type 2 : sous-utilisation paradoxale chez les patients avec maladie cardiovasculaire athéromateuse.

Glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists (GLP-1RAs) reduce the risk of cardiovascular (CV) complications in patients with type 2 diabetes (T2DM) and atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD) in placebo-controlled CV outcome trials. This article compares the proportion of T2DM patients treated with GLP-1RAs in retrospective observational studies that recruited T2DM patients with versus without established ASCVD. Nine cohorts from seven studies were collected in the international literature between 2019 and 2022. Overall, the percentages of patients treated with GLP-1RAs were low (< 10 %) in most studies. Surprisingly, the use of GLP-1RAs in patients with ASCVD was slightly lower in 7 out of 9 cohorts when compared to the use in patients without ASCVD (odds ratio 0.80, 95% CI 0.79-0.81). Despite a positive trend over the last decade, the real-world use of GLP-1RAs remains limited, especially in patients with established ASCVD. The reasons for this underuse are diverse. Bridging the gap between clinical evidence of cardioprotective effects of GLP-1RAs and their underuse in clinical practice in T2DM patients at high/very high CV risk, more particularly those with established ASCVD, should be considered as a key objective for health care providers, especially cardiologists.