[en] Cereal production plays a major role in both animal and human diets throughout the world. However, cereal crops are vulnerable to attacks by fungal pathogens on the foliage, disrupting their biological cycle and photosynthesis, which can reduce yields by 15–20% or even 60%. Consumers are concerned about the excessive use of synthetic pesticides given their harmful effects on human health and the environment. As a result, the search for alternative solutions to protect crops has attracted the interest of scientists around the world. Among these solutions, biological control using beneficial microorganisms has taken on considerable importance, and several biological control agents (BCAs) have been studied, including species belonging to the genera Bacillus, Pseudomonas, Streptomyces, Trichoderma, Cladosporium, and Epicoccum, most of which include plants of growth-promoting rhizobacteria (PGPRs). Bacillus has proved to be a broad-spectrum agent against these leaf cereal diseases. Interaction between plant and beneficial agents occurs as direct mycoparasitism or hyperparasitism by a mixed pathway via the secretion of lytic enzymes, growth enzymes, and antibiotics, or by an indirect interaction involving competition for nutrients or space and the induction of host resistance (systemic acquired resistance (SAR) or induced systemic resistance (ISR) pathway). We mainly demonstrate the role of BCAs in the defense against fungal diseases of cereal leaves. To enhance a solution-based crop protection approach, it is also important to understand the mechanism of action of BCAs/molecules/plants. Research in the field of preventing cereal diseases is still ongoing.
Disciplines :
Agriculture & agronomie
Auteur, co-auteur :
Dehbi, Ilham; Phytopathology Unit, Department of Plant Protection, Ecole National of Agriculture Meknes, Meknes, Morocco ; Laboratory of Plant Biotechnology and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Sciences, Moulay Ismail University, Zitoune, Morocco
Achemrk, Oussama; Phytopathology Unit, Department of Plant Protection, Ecole National of Agriculture Meknes, Meknes, Morocco
Ezzouggari, Rachid; Phytopathology Unit, Department of Plant Protection, Ecole National of Agriculture Meknes, Meknes, Morocco ; Laboratory of Biotechnology, Conservation, and Valorization of Natural Resources (LBCVNR), Faculty of Sciences Dhar El Mehraz, Sidi Mohamed Ben Abdallah University, Fez, Morocco
El Jarroudi, Moussa ; Université de Liège - ULiège > Département des sciences et gestion de l'environnement (Arlon Campus Environnement) > Eau, Environnement, Développement
Mokrini, Fouad ; Biotechnology Unit, Regional Center of Agricultural Research, INRA–Morocco, Rabat, Morocco
Legrifi, Ikram ; Phytopathology Unit, Department of Plant Protection, Ecole National of Agriculture Meknes, Meknes, Morocco
Belabess, Zineb; Plant Protection Laboratory, Regional Center of Agricultural Research of Meknes, National Institute of Agricultural Research, Meknes, Morocco
Laasli, Salah-Eddine ; Phytopathology Unit, Department of Plant Protection, Ecole National of Agriculture Meknes, Meknes, Morocco
Mazouz, Hamid ; Laboratory of Plant Biotechnology and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Sciences, Moulay Ismail University, Zitoune, Morocco
Lahlali, Rachid ; Phytopathology Unit, Department of Plant Protection, Ecole National of Agriculture Meknes, Meknes, Morocco
Langue du document :
Anglais
Titre :
Beneficial Microorganisms as Bioprotectants against Foliar Diseases of Cereals: A Review
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