Brentano and Lotze on psychology

In his Psychology from an Empirical Standpoint of 1874, Franz Brentano strongly criticizes Lotze for sticking to the Aristotelian view of psychology as a “theory of the soul”. He also disagrees with him on some key methodological issues. Most significantly, his analytical approach may seem hardly compatible with Lotze’s claim that mental relations, unlike physical ones, are essentially obscure. My suggestion in this paper is that, these differences notwithstanding, the two authors’ views on psychology share important similarities. After outlining some theses underlying Lotze’s psychology (occasionalism, psychophysical mechanism, panpsychism), I discuss a couple of unexpected convergences with Brentano’s views.