[en] Context. The physical characterization of trans-Neptunian objects is essential for improving our understanding of the formation and evolution of our Solar System. Stellar occultation is a ground-based technique that can be successfully used to determine some of the TNOs' fundamental physical properties with high precision, such as size and shape. Aims: This work is aimed at constraining the size, shape, and geometric albedo of the dwarf planet candidate (307261) 2002 MS4 through the analysis of nine stellar occultation events. Using multichord detection, we also study the object's topography by analyzing the obtained limb and residuals between the observed chords and the best-fit ellipse. Metods. We predicted and organized the observational campaigns of nine stellar occultations by 2002 MS4 between 2019 and 2022, resulting in two single-chord events, four double-chord detections, and three events with between 3 and 61 positive chords. We derived the occultation light curves using differential aperture photometry, from which the star ingress and egress instants were calculated. Using 13 selected chords from the 8 August 2020 event, we determined the global elliptical limb of 2002 MS4. The best-fit ellipse, combined with the object's rotational information from the literature, sets constraints on the object's size, shape, and albedo. Additionally, we developed a new method to characterize the topography features on the object's limb. Results: The global limb has a semi-major axis of a′ = 412 ± 10 km, a semi-minor axis of b′= 385 ± 17 km, and the position angle of the minor axis is 121° ± 16°. From this instantaneous limb, we obtained 2002 MS4's geometric albedo of pV = 0.1 ± 0.025, using HV = 3.63 ± 0.05 mag and a projected area-equivalent diameter of 796 ± 24 km. Significant deviations from the fitted ellipse in the northernmost limb were detected from multiple sites, highlighting three distinct topographic features: one 11 km depth depression, followed by a 25 −5/+4 km height elevation next to a crater-like depression, with an extension of 322 ± 39 km and 45.1 ± 1.5 km deep. Conclusions: Our results indicate the presence of an object that is ≈138 km smaller in diameter than that derived from thermal data, possibly indicating the presence of a thus-far unknown satellite. However, within the error bars, the geometric albedo in the V-band is in agreement with the results published in the literature, even with the radiometric-derived albedo. This stellar occultation has allowed for the first multichord measurement of a large topography in a TNO.
Disciplines :
Space science, astronomy & astrophysics
Author, co-author :
Rommel, F. L.; National Observatory/MCTI, R. General José Cristino 77, CEP20921-400, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil , Interinstitutional e-Astronomy Laboratory - LIneA &, INCT do e-Universo, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, Federal University of Technology - Paraná (PPGFA/UTFPR - Curitiba), Av. Sete de Setembro 3165, Curitiba, Paraná, Brazil
Braga-Ribas, F.; Federal University of Technology - Paraná (PPGFA/UTFPR - Curitiba), Av. Sete de Setembro 3165, Curitiba, Paraná, Brazil, National Observatory/MCTI, R. General José Cristino 77, CEP20921-400, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, Interinstitutional e-Astronomy Laboratory - LIneA &, INCT do e-Universo, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
Ortiz, J. L.; Institute of Astrophysics of Andalucía, IAA-CSIC, Glorieta de la Astronomía s/n, 18008, Granada, Spain
Sicardy, B.; Observatoire de Paris, Laboratoire d'Etudes Spatiales et d'Instrumentation en Astrophysique
Santos-Sanz, P.; Institute of Astrophysics of Andalucía, IAA-CSIC, Glorieta de la Astronomía s/n, 18008, Granada, Spain
Desmars, J.; Polytechnic Institute of Advanced Sciences-IPSA, 63 boulevard de Brandebourg, 94200, Ivry-sur-Seine, France, Institute of Celestial Mechanics and Ephemeris Calculation (IMCCE), Paris Observatory, PSL Research University, CNRS, Sorbonne University, UPMC Univ Paris 06, Univ. Lille, 77, Av. Denfert-Rochereau, 75014, Paris, France
Camargo, J. I. B.; National Observatory/MCTI, R. General José Cristino 77, CEP20921-400, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, Interinstitutional e-Astronomy Laboratory - LIneA &, INCT do e-Universo, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
Vieira-Martins, R.; National Observatory/MCTI, R. General José Cristino 77, CEP20921-400, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, Interinstitutional e-Astronomy Laboratory - LIneA &, INCT do e-Universo, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
Assafin, M.; Valongo Observatory, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ), Ladeira Pedro Antônio 43 - Saúde, 20080-090, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, Interinstitutional e-Astronomy Laboratory - LIneA &, INCT do e-Universo, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
Morgado, B. E.; Valongo Observatory, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ), Ladeira Pedro Antônio 43 - Saúde, 20080-090, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, Interinstitutional e-Astronomy Laboratory - LIneA &, INCT do e-Universo, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, National Observatory/MCTI, R. General José Cristino 77, CEP20921-400, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
Boufleur, R. C.; National Observatory/MCTI, R. General José Cristino 77, CEP20921-400, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, Interinstitutional e-Astronomy Laboratory - LIneA &, INCT do e-Universo, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
Benedetti-Rossi, G.; Orbital Dynamics and Planetology Group, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Av. Ariberto Pereira da Cunha 333, Guaratinguetá, 12516-410, São Paulo, Brazil, LESIA, Paris Observatory, PSL University, CNRS, Sorbonne University, Univ. Paris Diderot, Sorbonne Paris Cité, 5 place Jules Janssen, 92195, Meudon, France, Interinstitutional e-Astronomy Laboratory - LIneA &, INCT do e-Universo, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
Gomes-Júnior, A. R.; Institute of Physics, Federal University of Uberlândia, Uberlândia, Minas Gerais, Brazil, Orbital Dynamics and Planetology Group, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Av. Ariberto Pereira da Cunha 333, Guaratinguetá, 12516-410, São Paulo, Brazil, Interinstitutional e-Astronomy Laboratory - LIneA &, INCT do e-Universo, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
Fernández-Valenzuela, E.; Florida Space Institute, University of Central Florida, 12354 Research Parkway, Partnership 1, Orlando, Florida, USA
Holler, B. J.; Space Telescope Science Institute, Baltimore, Maryland
Souami, D.; Observatoire de Paris, Laboratoire d'Etudes Spatiales et d'Instrumentation en Astrophysique, -, -
Duffard, R.; Institute of Astrophysics of Andalucía, IAA-CSIC, Glorieta de la Astronomía s/n, 18008, Granada, Spain
Margoti, G.; Federal University of Technology - Paraná (PPGFA/UTFPR - Curitiba), Av. Sete de Setembro 3165, Curitiba, Paraná, Brazil, Interinstitutional e-Astronomy Laboratory - LIneA &, INCT do e-Universo, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
Vara-Lubiano, M.; Institute of Astrophysics of Andalucía, IAA-CSIC, Glorieta de la Astronomía s/n, 18008, Granada, Spain
Lecacheux, J.; Observatoire de Paris, Laboratoire d'Etudes Spatiales et d'Instrumentation en Astrophysique
Plouvier, J. L.; Domaine de la Blaque Observatory, Domaine de la Blaque, 83670, Varages, France
Morales, N.; Institute of Astrophysics of Andalucía, IAA-CSIC, Glorieta de la Astronomía s/n, 18008, Granada, Spain
Maury, A.; San Pedro de Atacama Celestial Explorations (SPACE), Chicache 81, Ayllu de Solor, 1410000, San Pedro de Atacama, Chile
Fabrega, J.; Panamanian Observatory in San Pedro de Atacama (OPSPA), Chile
Ceravolo, P.; Anarchist Mt. Observatory, British Columbia, V0H1V6, Canada
Jehin, Emmanuel ; Université de Liège - ULiège > Unités de recherche interfacultaires > Space sciences, Technologies and Astrophysics Research (STAR)
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Mariey, H.; Côte d'Azur Observatory, Géoazur UMR 7329, 2130 Route de l'Observatoire, 06460, Caussols, France
Cikota, S.; University of Zagreb, Faculty of Electrical Engineering and Computing, -
Ruždjak, D.; University of Zagreb, Hvar Observatory
Cikota, A.; Gemini Observatory Southern Operations Center
Szakáts, R.; Konkoly Observatory, Research Centre for Astronomy and Earth Sciences (ELKH), Konkoly Thege Miklos út 15-17, 1121, Budapest, Hungary, CSFK, MTA Centre of Excellence, Konkoly Thege Miklós út 15-17, 1121, Budapest, Hungary
Baba Aissa, D.; Algiers Observatory, CRAAG, Route de l'Observatoire, Algiers, Algeria
Gringahcene, Z.; Algiers Observatory, CRAAG, Route de l'Observatoire, Algiers, Algeria
Kashuba, V.; Odesa I. I. Mechnikov National University, Astronomical Observatory, Marazliivska 1v, 65014, Odesa, Ukraine
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Fişek, S.; Istanbul University, Turkey, -
Çakir, O.; Research Centre for Astronomy, Astrophysics and Astrophotonics, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Macquarie University, 2109, Sydney, Australia, ARC Centre of Excellence for All-Sky Astrophysics in 3 Dimensions, Stromlo, Australian Capital Territory, Australia
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Schnabel, C.; International Occultation Timing Association - European Section (IOTA-ES), Am Brombeerhag 13, 30459, Hannover, Germany, Sabadell Astronomical Association, Carrer Prat de la Riba, s/n, 08206, Sabadell, Catalonia, Spain
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Santana-Ros, T.; Instituto de Física Aplicada a las Ciencias y las Tecnologías, Alicante University, San Vicente del Raspeig, 03080, Alicante, Spain, Institut de Ciències del Cosmos (ICCUB), Barcelona University (IEEC-UB), Carrer de Martí i Franquès 1, 08028, Barcelona, Spain
Pereira, C. L.; National Observatory/MCTI, R. General José Cristino 77, CEP20921-400, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, Interinstitutional e-Astronomy Laboratory - LIneA &, INCT do e-Universo, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, Federal University of Technology - Paraná (PPGFA/UTFPR - Curitiba), Av. Sete de Setembro 3165, Curitiba, Paraná, Brazil
Emilio, M.; Ponta Grossa State University, Av. Carlos Cavalcanti 4748, Ponta Grossa, Paraná, Brazil, National Observatory/MCTI, R. General José Cristino 77, CEP20921-400, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, Federal University of Technology - Paraná (PPGFA/UTFPR - Curitiba), Av. Sete de Setembro 3165, Curitiba, Paraná, Brazil
Burdanov, A. Y.; Department of Earth, Atmospheric and Planetary Science, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 77 Massachusetts Avenue, Cambridge, MA, USA
de Wit, J.; Department of Earth, Atmospheric and Planetary Science, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 77 Massachusetts Avenue, Cambridge, MA, USA
Barkaoui, Khalid ; Université de Liège - ULiège > Département d'astrophysique, géophysique et océanographie (AGO) > Exoplanets in Transit: Identification and Characterization
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de la Cueva, I.; Astronomical Association of Eivissa (AAE), Lucio Oculacio 29, 07800, Ibiza, Spain
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Serra-Ricart, M.; Canary Islands Institute of Astrophysics (IAC), Vía Láctea s/n, 38205, La Laguna, Tenerife, Spain, La Laguna University (ULL), Astrophysics department, Avenida Astrofísico Francisco Sánchez, s/n, Facultad de Ciencias, Sección de Física, 38200, La Laguna, Tenerife, Spain
Alarcon, M. R.; Canary Islands Institute of Astrophysics (IAC), Vía Láctea s/n, 38205, La Laguna, Tenerife, Spain, La Laguna University (ULL), Astrophysics department, Avenida Astrofísico Francisco Sánchez, s/n, Facultad de Ciencias, Sección de Física, 38200, La Laguna, Tenerife, Spain
Licandro, J.; Canary Islands Institute of Astrophysics (IAC), Vía Láctea s/n, 38205, La Laguna, Tenerife, Spain, La Laguna University (ULL), Astrophysics department, Avenida Astrofísico Francisco Sánchez, s/n, Facultad de Ciencias, Sección de Física, 38200, La Laguna, Tenerife, Spain
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Behem, R.; Club Astrospace Thales Alenia Space, 5 Allée des Gabians BP 99, 06156, Cannes, France
Prost, J. -P.; Club Astrospace Thales Alenia Space, 5 Allée des Gabians BP 99, 06156, Cannes, France
Renner, S.; Institute of Celestial Mechanics and Ephemeris Calculation (IMCCE), Paris Observatory, PSL Research University, CNRS, Sorbonne University, UPMC Univ Paris 06, Univ. Lille, 77, Av. Denfert-Rochereau, 75014, Paris, France, University of Lille, Lille Observatory, 1 impasse de l'observatoire, 59000, Lille, France
Conjat, M.; Côte d'Azur Observatory, Géoazur UMR 7329, 2130 Route de l'Observatoire, 06460, Caussols, France
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Curelaru, L.; Stardust Observatory, 3 Alexandru cel Bu, 500260, Brasov, Romania
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Tekeş, M.; Çukurova University, Department of Astronomy and Astrophysics, Çukurova Üniversitesi Rektörlüğü, 01330, Sariçam/Adana, Turkey, Adana Yuregir Science Center and Mesopotamia Astronomy Association, Adana, Turkey
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