Electrical and Electronic Engineering; Electrochemistry; Energy Engineering and Power Technology; operando XRD; insertion mechanism; electrochemical impedance spectroscopy; Na-ion batteries; Na2Ti3O7
Abstract :
[en] The growing interest in Na-ion batteries as a “beyond lithium” technologies for energy storage drives the research for high-performance and environment-friendly materials. Na2Ti3O7 (NTO) as an eco-friendly, low-cost anode material shows a very low working potential of 0.3 V vs. Na+/Na but suffers from poor cycling stability, which properties can be significantly influenced by materials synthesis and treatment. Thus, in this work, the influence of the calcination time on the electrochemical performance and the reaction mechanism during cycling were investigated. NTO heat-treated for 48 h at 800 °C (NTO-48h) demonstrated enhanced cycling performance in comparison to NTO heat-treated for only 8 h (NTO-8h). The pristine material was thoroughly characterized by X-ray diffraction, laser granulometry, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, and specific surface area measurements. The reaction mechanisms induced by sodiation/desodiation and cycling were investigated by operando XRD. Electrochemical impedance spectroscopy was used to evidence the evolution of the solid electrolyte interface layer (SEI) and modification of charge transfer resistances as well as the influence of cycling on capacity decay. The evolution of the crystallographic structure of NTO-48h revealed a more ordered structure and lower surface contamination compared to NTO-8h. Moreover, the residual Na4Ti3O7 phase detected after the sodium extraction step in NTO-8h seems correlated to the lower electrochemical performance of NTO-8h compared to NTO-48h.
Disciplines :
Chemistry
Author, co-author :
Piffet, Caroline ; Université de Liège - ULiège > Département de chimie (sciences) > GREEnMat
Eshraghi, Nicolas ; Université de Liège - ULiège > Département de chimie (sciences) > GREEnMat
Mottet, Gregory; GREENMAT, CESAM Research Unit, Chemistry Department, University of Liège, Quartier Agora, 13Allée du 6 Août, 4000 Liège, Belgium
Hatert, Frédéric ; Université de Liège - ULiège > Département de géologie > Minéralogie et cristallochimie
Światowska, Jolanta ; Chimie ParisTech—CNRS, Institut de Recherche de Chimie, PSL University, Paris, 11 Rue Pierre et Marie Curie, 75005 Paris, France
Cloots, Rudi ; Université de Liège - ULiège > Département de chimie (sciences) > GREEnMat
Boschini, Frédéric ; Université de Liège - ULiège > Département de chimie (sciences) > GREEnMat
Mahmoud, Abdelfattah ; Université de Liège - ULiège > Département de chimie (sciences) > GREEnMat
Language :
English
Title :
Effect of the Calcination Duration on the Electrochemical Properties of Na2Ti3O7 as Anode Material for Na-Ion Batteries
Chayambuka K. Mulder G. Danilov D.L. Notten P.H.L. Sodium-Ion Battery Materials and Electrochemical Properties Reviewed Adv. Energy Mater. 2018 8 1800079 10.1002/aenm.201800079
Senguttuvan P. Rousse G. Seznec V. Tarascon J.-M. Palacin M.R. Na2Ti3O7: Lowest Voltage Ever Reported Oxide Insertion Electrode for Sodium Ion Batteries Chem. Mater. 2011 23 4109 4111 10.1021/cm202076g
Perveen T. Siddiq M. Shahzad N. Ihsan R. Ahmad A. Shahzad M.I. Prospects in anode materials for sodium ion batteries—A review Renew. Sustain. Energy Rev. 2020 119 109549 10.1016/j.rser.2019.109549
Hwang J.-Y. Myung S.-T. Sun Y.-K. Sodium-ion batteries: Present and future Chem. Soc. Rev. 2017 46 3529 3614 10.1039/C6CS00776G 28349134
Hasa I. Mariyappan S. Saurel D. Adelhelm P. Koposov A.Y. Masquelier C. Croguennec L. Casas-Cabanas M. Challenges of today for Na-based batteries of the future: From materials to cell metrics J. Power Sources 2021 482 228872 10.1016/j.jpowsour.2020.228872
Zhen Y. Chen Y. Li F. Guo Z. Hong Z. Titirici M.M. Ultrafast synthesis of hard carbon anodes for sodium-ion batteries Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 2021 118 e2111119118 10.1073/pnas.2111119118 34663702
Du K. Rudola A. Balaya P. Investigations of Thermal Stability and Solid Electrolyte Interphase on Na2Ti3O7/C as a Non-carbonaceous Anode Material for Sodium Storage Using Non-flammable Ether-based Electrolyte ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces 2021 13 11732 11740 10.1021/acsami.0c18670
Hong Z. Kang M. Chen X. Zhou K. Huang Z. Wei M. Synthesis of Mesoporous Co2+-Doped TiO2 Nanodisks Derived from Metal Organic Frameworks with Improved Sodium Storage Performance ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces 2017 9 32071 32079 10.1021/acsami.7b06290
Zhai H. Xia B.Y. Park H.S. Ti-based electrode materials for electrochemical sodium ion storage and removal J. Mater. Chem. A 2019 7 22163 22188 10.1039/C9TA06713B
Xia J. Zhao H. Pang W.K. Yin Z. Zhou B. He G. Guo Z. Du Y. Lanthanide doping induced electrochemical enhancement of Na2Ti3O7anodes for sodium-ion batteries Chem. Sci. 2018 9 3421 3425 10.1039/C7SC05185A
Nava-Avendaño J. Morales-García A. Ponrouch A. Rousse G. Frontera C. Senguttuvan P. Tarascon J.-M. Arroyo-de Dompablo M.E. Palacín M.R. Taking steps forward in understanding the electrochemical behavior of Na2Ti3O7 J. Mater. Chem. A 2015 3 22280 22286 10.1039/C5TA05174F
Zarrabeitia M. Nobili F. Munoz-Marquez M.A. Rojo T. Casas-Cabanas M. Direct observation of electronic conductivity transitions and solid electrolyte interphase stability of Na2Ti3O7 electrodes for Na-ion batteries J. Power Sources 2016 330 78 83 10.1016/j.jpowsour.2016.08.112
Kulova T.L. Kudryashova Y.O. Kuz’mina A.A. Stenina I.A. Chekannikov A.A. Yaroslavtsev A.B. Libich J. Study of degradation of Na2Ti3O7-based electrode during cycling J. Solid State Electrochem. 2019 23 455 463 10.1007/s10008-018-4154-1
Wang W. Yu C. Liu Y. Hou J. Zhu H. Jiao S. Single crystalline Na2Ti3O7 rods as an anode material for sodium-ion batteries RSC Adv. 2013 3 1041 10.1039/C2RA22050D
Rudola A. Saravanan K. Mason C.W. Balaya P. Na2Ti3O7: An intercalation based anode for sodium-ion battery applications J. Mater. Chem. A 2013 1 2653 2662 10.1039/c2ta01057g
Pan H. Xia L. Yu X. Hu Y.-S. Li H. Yang X.-Q. Chen L. Sodium Storage and Transport Properties in Layered Na2Ti3O7 for Room-Temperature Sodium-Ion Batteries Sodium Adv. Energy Mater. 2013 3 1186 1194 10.1002/aenm.201300139
Xu J. Ma C. Balasubramanian M. Shirley Y. Understanding Na2Ti3O7 as an ultra-low voltage anode material for a Na-ion battery Chem. Commun. 2014 50 12564 12567 10.1039/C4CC03973D
Zou W. Li J. Deng Q. Xue J. Dai X. Zhou A. Li J. Microspherical Na2Ti3O7 prepared by spray-drying method as anode material for sodium-ion battery Solid State Ion. 2014 262 192 196 10.1016/j.ssi.2013.11.005
Wen S. Li X. Zhang J. Wang J. Ding H. Zhang N. Zhao D. Mao L. Li S. Effects of sodium salts on compatibility between Na2Ti3O7@C anode and electrolyte for sodium-ion batteries J. Alloys Compd. 2023 930 167380 10.1016/j.jallcom.2022.167380
Li Y. Liu Y. Wang D. Hu C. Luo K. Zhong B. Sun Y. Liu Y. Wu Z. Guo X. Enabling both ultrahigh initial coulombic efficiency and superior stability of Na2Ti3O7 anodes by optimizing binders J. Mater. Chem. A 2022 10 24178 24189 10.1039/D2TA07097A
Rudola A. Sharma N. Balaya P. Introducing a 0.2 v sodium-ion battery anode: The Na2Ti3O7 to Na3—XTi3O7 pathway Electrochem. Commun. 2015 61 10 13 10.1016/j.elecom.2015.09.016
Papp S. Korosi L. Meynen V. Cool P. Vansant E.F. Dekany I. The influence of temperature on the structural behaviour of sodium tri- and hexa-titanates and their protonated forms J. Solid State Chem. 2005 178 1614 1619 10.1016/j.jssc.2005.03.001
Pak Y.C. Rim C.H. Hwang S.G. Ri K.C. Yu C.J. Defect formation and ambivalent effects on electrochemical performance in layered sodium titanate Na2Ti3O7 Phys. Chem. Chem. Phys. 2023 25 3420 3431 10.1039/D2CP05403E
Choi Y.S. Costa S.I.R. Tapia-Ruiz N. Scanlon D.O. Intrinsic Defects and Their Role in the Phase Transition of Na-Ion Anode Na2Ti3O7 ACS Appl. Energy Mater. 2023 6 484 495 10.1021/acsaem.2c03466 36644111
Cao Y. Ye Q. Wang F. Fan X. Hu L. Wang F. Zhai T. Li H. A New Triclinic Phase Na2Ti3O7 Anode for Sodium-Ion Battery Adv. Funct. Mater. 2020 30 2003733 10.1002/adfm.202003733
Piffet C. Vertruyen B. Hatert F. Cloots R. Boschini F. Mahmoud A. High temperature X-ray diffraction study of the formation of Na2Ti3O7 from a mixture of sodium carbonate and titanium oxide J. Energy Chem. 2022 65 210 218 10.1016/j.jechem.2021.05.050
Dos Santos Costa S. Pereira da Silva J. Moraes Biondo M. Sanches E.A. Da Silva Paula M.M. Xavier Nobre F. Anglada Rivera J. Alexis Zulueta Y. Torikachvili M.S. Vieira Sampaio D. et al. Temperature Dependence of the Electrical Properties of Na2Ti3O7/Na2Ti6O13/POMA Composites Molecules 2022 27 5756 10.3390/molecules27185756 36144505
Yakubovich O.V. Kireev V.V. Refinement of the crystal structure of Na2Ti3O7 Crystallogr. Rep. 2003 48 24 28 10.1134/1.1541737
Rouquerol J. Llewellyn P. Rouquerol F. Is the BET equation applicable to microporous adsorbents? Stud. Surf. Sci. Catal. 2007 160 49 56 10.1016/s0167-2991(07)80008-5
Leriche J.B. Hamelet S. Shu J. Morcrette M. Masquelier C. Ouvrard G. Zerrouki M. Soudan P. Belin S. Elkaïm E. et al. An Electrochemical Cell for Operando Study of Lithium Batteries Using Synchrotron Radiation J. Electrochem. Soc. 2010 157 A606 10.1149/1.3355977
Andersson S. Wadsley A.D. The crystal structure of Na2Ti3O7 Acta Crystallogr. 1961 14 1245 1249 10.1107/S0365110X61003636
Brown I.D. Altermatt D. Bond-valence parameters obtained from a systematic analysis of the Inorganic Crystal Structure Database Acta Crystallogr. Sect. B 1985 41 244 247 10.1107/S0108768185002063
Gadois C. Światowska J. Zanna S. Marcus P. Influence of titanium surface treatment on adsorption of primary amines J. Phys. Chem. C 2013 117 1297 1307 10.1021/jp306786w
Ma J. Li W. Morgan B.J. Światowska J. Baddour-Hadjean R. Body M. Legein C. Borkiewicz O.J. Leclerc S. Groult H. et al. Lithium Intercalation in Anatase Titanium Vacancies and the Role of Local Anionic Environment Chem. Mater. 2018 30 3078 3089 10.1021/acs.chemmater.8b00925
Mehraz S. Luo W. Swiatowska J. Bezzazi B. Taleb A. Hydrothermal synthesis of TiO2 aggregates and their application as negative electrodes for lithium-ion batteries: The conflicting effects of specific surface and pore size Materials 2021 14 916 10.3390/ma14040916 33671971
Song T. Ye S. Liu H. Wang Y.G. Self-doping of Ti3+ into Na2Ti3O7increases both ion and electron conductivity as a high-performance anode material for sodium-ion batteries J. Alloys Compd. 2018 767 820 828 10.1016/j.jallcom.2018.07.186
Muñoz-Márquez M.A. Zarrabeitia M. Castillo-Martínez E. Eguía-Barrio A. Rojo T. Casas-Cabanas M. Composition and Evolution of the Solid-Electrolyte Interphase in Na2Ti3O7 Electrodes for Na-Ion Batteries: XPS and Auger Parameter Analysis ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces 2015 7 7801 7808 10.1021/acsami.5b01375 25811538
Wanger C.D. Riggs W.M. Davis L.E. Moulder J.F. Muilenberg G.E. Handbook of X-ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy Perkin-Elmer Corp., Physical Electronics Division Eden Praire, MN, USA 1979 10.1002/sia.740030412
Bhardwaj H.S. Ramireddy T. Pradeep A. Jangid M.K. Srihari V. Poswal H.K. Mukhopadhyay A. Understanding the Cyclic (In)stability and the Effects of Presence of a Stable Conducting Network on the Electrochemical Performances of Na2Ti3O7 ChemElectroChem 2018 5 1219 1229 10.1002/celc.201701276
Mukherjee A. Das D. Banerjee S. Majumder S.B. Synthesis and electrochemical performance of in-situ and ex-situ carbon-coated Na2Ti3O7, as a promising anode for sodium-ion batteries Electrochem. Sci. Adv. 2022 e2100118 10.1002/elsa.202100118
Kulova T.L. Skundin A.M. Balance between reversible and irreversible processes during lithium intercalation in graphite Russ. J. Electrochem. 2006 42 251 258 10.1134/S1023193506030074
Mahmoud A. Amarilla J.M. Lasri K. Saadoune I. Influence of the synthesis method on the electrochemical properties of the Li4Ti5O12 spinel in Li-half and Li-ion full-cells. A systematic comparison Electrochim. Acta 2013 93 163 172 10.1016/j.electacta.2013.01.083
Laschuk N.O. Easton E.B. Zenkina O.V. Reducing the resistance for the use of electrochemical impedance spectroscopy analysis in materials chemistry RSC Adv. 2021 11 27925 27936 10.1039/D1RA03785D 35480766
Klotz D. Negative capacitance or inductive loop?—A general assessment of a common low frequency impedance feature Electrochem. Commun. 2019 98 58 62 10.1016/j.elecom.2018.11.017
Brandstätter H. Hanzu I. Wilkening. Myth and reality about the origin of inductive loops in impedance spectra of lithium-ion electrodes—A critical experimental approach Electrochim. Acta 2016 207 218 223 10.1016/j.electacta.2016.03.126
Itagaki M. Honda K. Hoshi Y. Shitanda I. In-situ EIS to determine impedance spectra of lithium-ion rechargeable batteries during charge and discharge cycle J. Electroanal. Chem. 2015 737 78 84 10.1016/j.jelechem.2014.06.004
Thapa A. Gao A.H. Low-frequency inductive loop and its origin in the impedance spectrum of a graphite anode J. Electrochem. Soc. 2022 169 110535 10.1149/1945-7111/aca364
Gnanaraj J.S. Thompson R.W. Iaconatti S.N. Dicarlo J.F. Abraham K.M. Formation and growth of surface films on graphitic anode materials for Li-ion batteries Electrochem. Solid-State Lett. 2005 8 128 132 10.1149/1.1850390
Hoshi Y. Narita Y. Honda K. Ohtaki T. Shitanda I. Itagaki M. Optimization of reference electrode position in a three-electrode cell for impedance measurements in lithium-ion rechargeable battery by finite element method J. Power Sources 2015 288 168 175 10.1016/j.jpowsour.2015.04.065
An S.J. Li J. Daniel C. Kalnaus S. Wood D.L. Design and demonstration of three-electrode pouch cells for lithium-ion batteries J. Electrochem. Soc. 2017 164 A1755 A1764 10.1149/2.0031709jes
Zhang Y. Tang Y. Deng J. Leow W.R. Xia H. Zhu Z. Lv Z. Wei J. Li W. Persson C. et al. Correlating the Peukert’s Constant with Phase Composition of Electrode Materials in Fast Lithiation Processes ACS Mater. Lett. 2019 1 519 525 10.1021/acsmaterialslett.9b00320
