LSD; consciousness; hypnosis; meditation; psilocybin; rsfMRI functional connectivity; Biological Psychiatry; Neurology (clinical); Cognitive Neuroscience; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and imaging
Abstract :
[en] BACKGROUND: Pharmacological and non-pharmacological methods of inducing altered states of consciousness (ASC) are becoming increasingly relevant in the treatment of psychiatric disorders. While comparisons between them are often drawn, to date no study has directly compared their neural correlates.
METHODS: To address this knowledge gap we directly compared two pharmacological methods: psilocybin (n=23, dose=0.2mg/kg p.o.) and LSD (n=25, dose=100μg p.o.) and two non-pharmacological methods: hypnosis (n=30) and meditation (n=29) using resting state functional connectivity magnetic resonance imaging (rs-fcMRI), and assessed the predictive value of the data using a machine learning approach.
RESULTS: We found that (i) no network reaches significance in all four ASC methods; (ii) pharmacological and non-pharmacological interventions of inducing ASC show distinct connectivity patterns that are predictive at the individual level; (iii) hypnosis and meditation show differences in functional connectivity when compared directly, and also drive distinct differences when jointly compared to the pharmacological ASC interventions; (iv) psilocybin and LSD show no differences in functional connectivity when directly compared to each other, but do show distinct behavioral-neural relationships.
CONCLUSION: Overall, these results extend our understanding of the mechanisms of action of ASC and highlight the importance of exploring how these effects can be leveraged in the treatment of psychiatric disorders.
Moujaes, Flora F; Department of Psychiatry, Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics, Psychiatric Hospital, University of Zurich, Switzerland, Department of Psychiatry, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, United States
Rieser, Nathalie M ; Department of Psychiatry, Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics, Psychiatric Hospital, University of Zurich, Switzerland. Electronic address: nathalie.rieser@bli.uzh.ch
Phillips, Christophe ; Université de Liège - ULiège > GIGA > GIGA CRC In vivo Imaging - Neuroimaging, data acquisition and processing
de Matos, Nuno M P; Clinic of Cranio-Maxillofacial and Oral Surgery, Center of Dental Medicine, University of Zurich, Switzerland
Brügger, Mike; Clinic of Cranio-Maxillofacial and Oral Surgery, Center of Dental Medicine, University of Zurich, Switzerland
Dürler, Patricia; Department of Psychiatry, Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics, Psychiatric Hospital, University of Zurich, Switzerland
Smigielski, Lukasz; Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Psychiatric University Hospital Zurich, University of Zurich, Switzerland
Stämpfli, Philipp; MR-Center, Psychiatric University Hospital, University of Zurich, Switzerland
Seifritz, Erich; Department of Psychiatry, Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics, Psychiatric Hospital, University of Zurich, Switzerland
Vollenweider, Franz X; Department of Psychiatry, Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics, Psychiatric Hospital, University of Zurich, Switzerland
Anticevic, Alan; Department of Psychiatry, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, United States
Preller, Katrin H; Department of Psychiatry, Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics, Psychiatric Hospital, University of Zurich, Switzerland
Language :
English
Title :
Comparing neural correlates of consciousness: from psychedelics to hypnosis and meditation.
Publication date :
15 July 2023
Journal title :
Biological Psychiatry: Cognitive Neuroscience and Neuroimaging
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