Optimization of plant density and fertilizer application to improve biofortified common 2 bean yield on nitisols of South-Kivu, eastern D.R. Congo

Zamukulu, Patient; Espoir M. Bagula; Jean M. Mondo; Chuma Basimine, Géant; Francine B. Safina; Thierry H. Cishesa; Anicet B. Kavange; Dieumerci R. Masumbuko; Josué W. Kazadi; Gustave N. Mushagalusa; Antoine K. Lubobo

doi:10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e17293

Article (Scientific journals)

Optimization of plant density and fertilizer application to improve biofortified common 2 bean yield on nitisols of South-Kivu, eastern D.R. Congo

Zamukulu, Patient; Espoir M. Bagula; Jean M. Mondo et al.

2023 • In Heliyon

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https://hdl.handle.net/2268/304212

DOI
10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e17293

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Keywords :

Plant density, Fertilization, Agronomic efficiency, Common bean, Nitisols, Grain yield

Abstract :

[en] Soil nutrient depletion and poor farming practices are serious challenges limiting crop productivity in soils of the eastern Democratic Republic of Congo (D.R. Congo). An experiment was conducted in two cropping seasons to assess the effect of plant density (25 plants m2 and 33 plants m2) and fertilizer application (with and without NPK) on the yield and yield components of three biofortified common bean varieties (HM21-7, RWR2245 and RWR2154). The experiment involved two plant densities, two fertilizer rates and three varieties arranged in a split-split plot design with three replications. Results showed that yield significantly varied with plant density, variety and fertilizer rate (p<0.05). The best performing variety in terms of grain yield was HM21-7 (1.5 t ha-1) as compared to RWR2154 (1.09 t ha-1) and RWR2245 (1.14 t ha-1). The NPK fertilizer increased the grain yield by 38.2%. Grain yield increased also with the plant density, highest grain yield being recorded on higher plant density (1.37 t ha-1) as compared to low lower plant density (1.25 t ha-1). Agronomic efficiency (AE) was influenced by the variety, with the highest AE obtained on RWR2245 (23.27 kg kg-1) and on high plant density (20.34 kg kg-1). Therefore, we concluded that increasing the plant density by reducing the plant spacing, using NPK fertilizer and high yielding varieties provide with an opportunity to improving common bean yields in nitisols dominating the highlands of eastern D.R. Congo.

Disciplines :

Agriculture & agronomy

Author, co-author :

Zamukulu, Patient

Espoir M. Bagula; UEA/Bukavu

Jean M. Mondo; UEA/BUKAVU

Chuma Basimine, Géant ; Université de Liège - ULiège > Sphères ; Université Evangélique en Afrique

Francine B. Safina; UEA/BUKAVU

Thierry H. Cishesa; ISEAV/Walungu

Anicet B. Kavange

Dieumerci R. Masumbuko; ISDR/Bukavu

Josué W. Kazadi; HarvestPlus

Gustave N. Mushagalusa; UEA/Bukavu

Antoine K. Lubobo; Harvestplus

Language :

English

Title :

Optimization of plant density and fertilizer application to improve biofortified common 2 bean yield on nitisols of South-Kivu, eastern D.R. Congo

Publication date :

2023

Journal title :

Heliyon

eISSN :

2405-8440

Special issue title :

Heliyon

Peer reviewed :

Peer Reviewed verified by ORBi

Available on ORBi :

since 16 June 2023

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