Greenland Ice Sheet; ice dynamics; ice velocity; machine learning; seasonality; subglacial hydrology; Green land; Ice dynamics; Ice sheet; Ice velocity; Interannual variability; Machine-learning; Seasonal patterns; Seasonality; Subglacial hydrology; Geophysics; Earth and Planetary Sciences (all); General Earth and Planetary Sciences
Abstract :
[en] Accurate projections of the mass loss from the Greenland Ice Sheet (GrIS) require a complete understanding of the ice-dynamic response to climate forcings on seasonal and interannual timescales and would greatly benefit from more observational evidence. Here, we analyze a 5-year, high-resolution data set of ice velocities of the GrIS using K-means, an unsupervised clustering algorithm, to identify ice-sheet wide characteristic seasonal flow patterns. We include all areas flowing >0.3 m/d and obtain an ice-sheet wide overview of the seasonality and the interannual variability. It shows both a spatial and interannual variability in seasonal flow patterns, both along individual glaciers and between glaciers. We compare with runoff from a regional climate model and infer that the ice-sheet wide patterns are linked to the availability of water penetrating to the base of the ice.
Disciplines :
Earth sciences & physical geography
Author, co-author :
Solgaard, A.M. ; Geological Survey of Denmark and Greenland (GEUS), Copenhagen, Denmark
Rapp, D.; Niels Bohr Institute, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark ; National Center for Klimaforskning (NCKF), Danish Meteorological Institute (DMI), Copenhagen, Denmark
Noël, Brice ; Université de Liège - ULiège > Département de géographie > Climatologie et Topoclimatologie ; Institute for Marine and Atmospheric Research Utrecht, Utrecht University, Utrecht, Netherlands
Hvidberg, C.S.; National Center for Klimaforskning (NCKF), Danish Meteorological Institute (DMI), Copenhagen, Denmark
Language :
English
Title :
Seasonal Patterns of Greenland Ice Velocity From Sentinel-1 SAR Data Linked to Runoff
NWO - Nederlandse Organisatie voor Wetenschappelijk Onderzoek [NL]
Funding text :
We thank the editor and two anonymous reviewers for their helpful comments on the original manuscript. Ice velocity maps were produced as part of the Programme for Monitoring of the Greenland Ice Sheet (PROMICE) using Copernicus Sentinel‐1 SAR images distributed by ESA, and were provided by the Geological Survey of Denmark and Greenland (GEUS) at http://www.promice.dk . Brice Noël was funded by the NWO VENI grant VI.Veni.192.019. Anne Solgaard was supported by the Programme for Monitoring the Greenland Ice Sheet (PROMICE). Landsat images in Supporting Information S1 courtesy of the U.S. Geological Survey.We thank the editor and two anonymous reviewers for their helpful comments on the original manuscript. Ice velocity maps were produced as part of the Programme for Monitoring of the Greenland Ice Sheet (PROMICE) using Copernicus Sentinel-1 SAR images distributed by ESA, and were provided by the Geological Survey of Denmark and Greenland (GEUS) at http://www.promice.dk. Brice Noël was funded by the NWO VENI grant VI.Veni.192.019. Anne Solgaard was supported by the Programme for Monitoring the Greenland Ice Sheet (PROMICE). Landsat images in Supporting Information S1 courtesy of the U.S. Geological Survey.
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